THANH TUV MVI - CONG NGHE MVI - SAN PHAM MVI<br />
<br />
ma te bao cd phan ung," dng ndi. "Cdn cau vdi nhung doan phim nhap nhay, dng kham<br />
hdi loai thdng tin ve nhiing dac trung ma te pha thay ring trung binh, cic tuong quan cap<br />
bao ma hda lai bj bd qua. Nhiing do ludng true thir nhat chiem khoang 78% thdng tin ma<br />
tiep ve cac quan he kich thich-phan ung hda, trong khi dd nhimg tuong quan cap thii<br />
thudng thu dugc cac hinh dang ky la, va ^ai chiem tren 92%. Nhu vay, nao tiep nhan<br />
Chung ta chua cd ea sd toan hpc de phan tich." ^--^ j^ ^^^^^ ^-^ ^,g ^^^^ ^^^g q^^n eao hon<br />
De khac phuc nhiing han che nay, ^^^ ^^^^ j^^j<br />
Fitzgerald va cac ddng nghiep da phat trien .,^, , . , .-- . , , ^ - ^-<br />
. f- , ^. , ..? , ,„,. ^ , , Cae he thong sinh hoc a moi quy mo, tu<br />
mo hinh toi thieu cae quan he phi tuyen tinh , ;, , .',,,* , ,^ •<br />
' u- .u-' - 1' u' .'• u- - u .-' phan tu den eac he sinh thai, deu co the eoi<br />
cua eac he thong xu ly thong tin bang each toi ^<br />
da hda sd luong gidng nhu ddi vdi hdn loan ^^ ^^irng bd xu ly thdng tin phat hien nhimg<br />
tieng dn, md ta tinh bat dn dinh trong kha su kien quan tjpng trong mdi trudng cua<br />
nang eua na-ron phan img vdi su kich thich. chiing va chuyen chung thanh nhirng thdng<br />
Khi Fitzgerald ap dung phuang phap nay ^^^ ^^o hanh ddng," Sharpee nhan xet.<br />
de ghi lai nhung na-ron hinh anh thi nghiem M.Q. (theo ScienceDaily, 3/4/2011)<br />
<br />
5IJ OIJI\IE PROTEIIV L A M IVGUYEm LIEU<br />
CHO CAC I^JHIEIV LIEU SIIXIH HOC<br />
Hai loai nguyen lieu hien dang duac su dung de chung cdt sinh hoc vd che tao nhien<br />
lieu sinh hoc Id carbohydrates vd lipids. Cdc loai nhien lieu sinh hoc nhu ethanol duac<br />
chiet xudt tu nguyen lieu carbohydrate nhu dudng vd lignocellulose, cdn dieselsinh hoc<br />
duac chiet xudt tu mdt nguyen lieu khde, ddu thuc vdt nhieu lipid.<br />
<br />
RONG nghien ciiu dupe cdng bd tren chat bdi ngudi ta khdng biet sii dung chiing<br />
<br />
T TC Nature Biotechnology, eae nha<br />
nghien ciru d DH California lan dau<br />
hay nudi chiing nhu the nao. Chiing tdi da<br />
giai quyet duge cae van de nay."<br />
tien trinh bay kha nang su dung cac protein - "Nghien ciiu nay lln dau tien thii sir dung<br />
mdt trong nhirng phan tu sinh hge ddi dao protein lam ngudn cacbon cho san xuat nang<br />
nhat tren Trai dat - lam nguyen lieu chinh lugng va chung cat sinh hge," Kwang<br />
cho chung cat sinh hge va san xuat nhien lieu Myung Cho, mdt tie gia ciia cdng trinh nhan<br />
sinh hge. xet. "De sii dung protein lam ngudn cacbon,<br />
"Cae protein hoan toan khdng dugc xem cin phai lien ket lai su dieu tiet te bao phiic<br />
la nhien lieu sinh hge tiem nang bdi chiing hgp trong chuyen hda ni-ta."<br />
chii yeu duge eoi la thue pham. Nhung thue 6 elc dieu kien giau dinh duong, cac<br />
te, cd nhieu protein khac nhau khdng the sii protein la thanh phan nhieu nhat trong cae vi<br />
dung lam thirc pham," James C. Liao, Giao sinh tang trudng nhanh. Tdc dd tich luy cua<br />
su hda hpc va ky thuat phan tii sinh hoc d elc protein nay nhanh hon bat ky nguyen<br />
DH California, ndi. "Nhirng protein nay lieu nao khac, ke ca cellulose hay lipids,<br />
khdng duge xem la ngudn nhien lieu hay hda Ngoai ra, protein khdng cd cac van de phan<br />
KCM-4.2011 19<br />
THANH TVV MVI - CONG NGHE MVI - SAN PHAM MVI<br />
<br />
<br />
khang ciia lignocellulose hay mat nude cua<br />
cac lipit tao. Sinh khdi protein ed the de tieu<br />
hda hon nhieu de dung cho cac vi sinh vat so<br />
•':^¥^<br />
vdi sinh khdi biomass cellulose, vdn rat khd<br />
bi pha va. Hon nira, cellulose va lipids •Ji,'"/<br />
khdng tham gia vao qua trinh quang hgp. ,"_<br />
Trong khi protein la thanh phan chinh cua<br />
cac vi sinh vat quang hgp tang trudng nhanh.<br />
Cac nha nghien euu ndi ring thach thiie<br />
trong chung cat dua tren protein la nhiing<br />
khd khan trong chuyen hda mdt each hieu<br />
qua cac hydrolysates protein thanh nhien<br />
lieu va hda chat. "Cac vi sinh vat cd xu<br />
hudng sii dung protein de tao eac protein ciia<br />
minh thay cho bien ddi chiing thanh cac hgp<br />
chat khac," Yi-xin Huo, tic gia chinh ciia<br />
nghien ciiu ndi. "Vi vay de chung cat sinh<br />
hge dua tren protein, chiing tdi phai ddi<br />
hudng hoan toan he thdng su dung protein,<br />
vdn la mdt trong nhiing he thdng dugc dieu<br />
m<br />
tiet cao nhat trong te bao." Anh cae loai tao giau protein. Phia tren-ben trai:<br />
Scenedesmus sp., phia tren-ben phai: Porphyridium sp.,<br />
Nhdm cua Liao da tao dugc mdt he thdng duoi-trai: Monodus sp., duoi phai: Chlorococcum sp.<br />
chuyen hda nhan tao de dua ni-ta ra khdi te Anh: Hidevaldo Machado va Yi-Xin Huo<br />
bao va kich eae te bao thai protein chii khdng<br />
su dung chiing de phat trien. CIc protein<br />
chiia ca ammonia va cacbon; nhdm ciia Liao<br />
lay di ammonia va dua chiing vao eho phat<br />
trien tao. Tao giau phan dam ammonia phat<br />
trien nhanh hon va duge sii dung chi nhu vat<br />
mang de tieu hda carbon dioxide va san xuat<br />
protein. Vdi chien luge nay, ed the khdng<br />
can den cac be phan ung sinh - quang hpc<br />
dlt tien.<br />
"Ngay nay, eac loai phan bdn ni-ta dugc<br />
su dung trong ndng nghiep va san xuat nhien<br />
lieu sinh hge da trd thanh mdi de dga Idn cho<br />
James C. Liao<br />
nhieu he sinh thai eua the gidi, va elc phe<br />
thai chira ni-ta tong san xuat nhien lieu sinh chiing tdi tai che hieu qua ni-ta trd lai quy<br />
hoc cd the din bien ddi thanh d-xit ni-ta, la trinh san xuat dau sinh hoc, hudng tdi trung<br />
loai khi nha kinh nguy hiem hon khoang 300 hda ni-ta."<br />
lan so vdi CO2," Liao ndi. "Chien luge ciia<br />
M.Q. (theo PhysOrg.com, 6/3/2011)<br />
<br />
20 KCM-4.2011<br />
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