Synthesis of Al-doped and Fe–doped ZnO nanoparticles as UV filters in sunscreens

In this work, Al-doped ZnO and Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been synthesized through the coprecipitationannealing method to create new and safer UV filters for sunscreen. The effects of metal doping on phase composition, crystal structure, surface morphology, specific surface area, and elemental composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission electron scanning microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively.