Three phase resolution transmitarray element for electronically reconfigurable transmitarrays

. In this paper, a three-phase state element for electronically reconfigurable transmitarrays is presented. The element is made up of C-patches and modified ring slots loaded rectangular gaps. By controlling the bias state of four p-i-n diodes, three phase states are obtained. The dimension of the element is optimized by using full-wave EM simulation and performance of the element is validated by both simulation and an experimental waveguide system.