Abstract data types

Data Structures and Algorithms: Arrays and Linked Lists includes Arrays (Built-in in most programming languages, Two kinds); Singly Linked Lists, Abstract Data Types (ADTs), Position ADT.

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Historically, a course on data structures has been a mainstay of most computer science departments. Over the last 18 years, however, the focus of this course has broadened considerably. The topic of data structures has now been subsumed under the broader topic of abstract data types (ADTs)—the study of classes of objects whose logical behavior is defined by a set of values and a set of operations.

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(bq) part 2 book "programming languages" has contents: statement-level control structures, expressions and assignment statements, implementing subprograms, abstract data types and encapsulation constructs, concurrency, exception handling and event handling, logic programming languages,...and other contents.

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This topic will describe the storage of objects in containers, we will focus on linear orderings: Implicitly defined linear orderings (sorted lists), explicitly defined linear orderings. We will summarize this information and look briefly at: Hierarchical orderings, partial orderings, equivalence relations, adjacency relations.

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Stacks & Queues Abstract Data Types (ADTs), The Stack ADT, Applications of Stacks, C++ Run-time Stack main, Array-based Stack, Performance and Limitations, Growable Array-based Stack, Comparison of the Strategies.

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Chapter 13 - Object-oriented programming. In this chapter we present the object-oriented programming paradigm, including its history and impact, its design issues, and examples of its use. We first desctibe the idea of abstract data types, an idea that predated and greatly influenced the idea of object-miented programming. Next, we describe the object-oriented paradigm as an extension of data abstraction.

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Typical algorithms and data structures textbooks are seven or eight hundred pages long, include chapters about software engineering and the programming language used in the book, and include appendices with yet more information about the programming language. Often they include lengthy case studies with tens of pages of specifications and code. Frequently they are hardcover books printed in two colors; sometimes they have sidebars with various sorts of supplementary material.

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Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information to the outside word and hiding their background details ie. to represent the needed information in program without presenting the details. Data abstraction is a programming (and design) technique that relies on the separation of interface and implementation.

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An Abstract Stack (Stack ADT) is an abstract data type which emphasizes specific operations: Uses a explicit linear ordering, insertions and removals are performed individually, there are no restrictions on objects inserted into (pushed onto) the queue that object is designated the back of the queue,... This topic discusses the concept of a stack: Description of an Abstract Stack, list applications, implementation, example applications, standard template library.

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An Abstract Queue (Queue ADT) is an abstract data type that emphasizes specific operations: Uses a explicit linear ordering, insertions and removals are performed individually, there are no restrictions on objects inserted into (pushed onto) the queue - that object is designated the back of the queue,... This topic discusses the concept of a queue: Description of an Abstract Queue, list applications, implementation, queuing theory, standard template library.

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An Abstract Stack (Stack ADT) is an abstract data type which emphasizes specific operations: Uses a explicit linear ordering, insertions and removals are performed individually, there are no restrictions on objects inserted into (pushed onto) the queue that object is designated the back of the queue,... This topic discusses the concept of a stack: Description of an Abstract Stack, list applications, implementation, example applications, standard template library.

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An Abstract Queue (Queue ADT) is an abstract data type that emphasizes specific operations: Uses a explicit linear ordering, insertions and removals are performed individually, there are no restrictions on objects inserted into (pushed onto) the queue - that object is designated the back of the queue,... This topic discusses the concept of a queue: Description of an Abstract Queue, list applications, implementation, queuing theory, standard template library.

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Because it is a pure object-oriented programming language, all Java programs contain one or more class (or ADT) deÞnitions. Java deÞnes many built-in classes and hundreds of methods. The purpose of this laboratory is for you to review how you can implement an abstract data type (ADT) of your own design while utilizing some of the built-in ADTs already implemented in Java. We use a monthly logbook as our example ADT. A monthly logbook consists of a set of entries, one for each day of the month.

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Question 1. Reorder the following efficiencies from the smallest to the largest: a. 2n3 + n5 b. 2000 c. 4n+1 d. n4 e. (n-1)! f. nlog2(n) g. 2klogk(n) (k is a predefined constant) Solution: Efficiency: a measure of amount of time for an algorithm to execute (Time Efficiency) or a measure of amount of memory needed for an algorithm to execute (Space Efficiency).

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What is an algorithm? The logical steps to solve a problem. What is a program? Program = Data structures + Algorithms (Niklaus Wirth) The most common tool to define algorithms. • English-like representation of the code required for an algorithm. Pseudocode = English + Code relaxed syntax being instructions using easy to read basic control structures (sequential, conditional, iterative)

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Software Architectures: Lecture 3 presents about Common Architectural Idioms, Architectural solutions for KWIC, KWIC design issues, Main Program/Subroutine with shared data, KWIC – shared data solution, Shared data, pro and cons, Abstract data types (ADT).

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When you finish this chapter, you should: Encapsulation and data hiding, the notions of data abstraction and abstract data types (ADTs), to use keyword this, to use static variables and methods, to import static members of a class, to use the enum type to create sets of constants with unique identifiers, how to declare enum constants with parameters.

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*ADT (Abstract Data Types) – kiểu dữ liệu trừu tượng bao gồm: Tập các giá trị (đối tượng) Tập các phép toán có thể thực hiện với tất cả các giá trị này Cách biểu diễn dữ liệu được sử dụng chung cho tất cả các giá trị này *Stack (ngăn xếp): là một kiểu dữ liệu trừu tượng, một dạng đặc biệt của danh sách tuyến tính (dãy gồm 0 hoặc nhiều hơn các phần tử cùng kiểu cho trước) trong đó các đối tượng được nạp vào (push) và lấy ra (pop) chỉ từ một đầu gọi là đỉnh (top) của danh sách....

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Tiếp cận với phương pháp lập trình hướng đối tượng. Phân tích, thiết kế và hiện thực được một chương trình theo phương pháp hướng đối tượng. Vận dụng được các khái niệm về kiểu dữ liệu trừu tượng (abstract data type), tính bao đóng (encapsulation), tính đa hình (polymorphism), tính kế thừa (inheritance) trong việc phát triển chương trình.

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3.2- Sử dụng một lớp • Định nghĩa biến đối tượng. • Biến đối tượng trong Java là tham khảo (địa chỉ) của vùng nhớ chứa dữ liệu của đối tượng.

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