Alien introgression

Ebook "Alien introgression in wheat: Cytogenetics, molecular biology, and genomics" provides an overview of the latest advancements in the field of alien introgression in wheat. The discovery and wide application of molecular genetic techniques including molecular markers, in situ hybridization, and genomics has led to a surge in interspecific and intergeneric hybridization in recent decades. The work begins with the taxonomy of cereals, especially of those species which are potential gene sources for wheat improvement.

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The tertiary gene pool of bread wheat, to which Leymus racemosus belongs, has remained underutilized due to the current limited genomic resources of the species that constitute it. Continuous enrichment of public databases with useful information regarding these species is, therefore, needed to provide insights on their genome structures and aid successful utilization of their genes to develop improved wheat cultivars for effective management of environmental stresses.

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Leaf and stripe rusts are two major wheat diseases, causing significant yield losses. The preferred way for protecting wheat from rust pathogens is by introgression of rust resistance traits from wheat-related wild species.

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Urdbean has narrow genetic base due to common ancestry of various superior genotypes, poor plant type and genetic vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses. The underutilized related specie, V. umbellata (ricebean), nutritive and resistant to most of the fungal pathogens, is speculated to be potential donor. Therefore, V. mungo and V. umbellata were crossed with a view to introgress alien genes. On inter-specific hybridization, the presence of pre-fertilization barriers and post-fertilization barriers were observed. As, hybrids exhibited reduced germination and sterility.

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A core subset of genetically fixed lines was selected through stratified sampling to represent the allelic variations within Brassica juncea gene pools. It included germplasm accessions from India, China, and Australia, as well as B. juncea introgression lines carrying alien genetic variation and/or cytoplasm from wild crucifers, namely Diplotaxis cardaminoides, Diplotaxis tenuisiliqua, and Erucastrum abyssinicum.

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