Animal cell

In diabetic patients, the body does not produce enough insulin or not properly respond to insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by -cells of the pancreas. It stimulates the cells to absorb the glucose from the blood and its hyposecretion may leads to the over accumulation of glucose in the blood and often leading to various complications.

82p spiritedaway36 26-11-2021 18 2   Download

The flesh fly Sarcophaga ruficornis is a pest of veterinary importance as it affects various animals reared for livestock including cows, buffaloes, sheep, and goats causing myiasis, which results in huge economic loss to the livestock owners. Various attempts have been made to control this fly using different chemical formulations. Barium carbonate is highly toxic compound upon acute and chronic exposures. Barium compounds have been found to have a toxic effect on different animal models.

10p kequaidan7 01-09-2020 17 2   Download

The objectives of the thesis: Manufacturing multifunctional nanoparticles including: Fe3O4 nanoparticles (magnetical properties) coated with biocompatible polymers, attaching drugs (Cur, Dox) and targeted folate factor (optical properties)) that are well dispersed in water, able to target the cancer.Experiment and evaluate the effect of the nanoparticles on cancer cell lines such as HT29; HeLa; HepG2 ... and on experimental animals.

27p xacxuoc4321 09-07-2019 62 5   Download

Nuclear cloning is a procedure to create new animals by injecting somatic nuclei into unfertilized oocytes. Recent successes in mammalian cloning with differentiated adult nuclei strongly indicate that oocyte cytoplasm contains unidentified remarkable reprogramming activities with the capacity to erase the previous memory of cell differentiation. At the heart of this nuclear reprogramming lies chromatin remodeling as chromatin structure and function define cell differentiation through regulation of the transcriptional activities of the cells....

4p research12 01-06-2013 42 4   Download

Most (78%) mitochondrial genomes in the studied mutant strain of Drosophila subobscura have undergone a large-scale deletion (5 kb) in the coding region. This mutation is stable, and is transmitted intact to the offspring. This animal model of major rearrangements of mitochondrial genomes can be used to analyse the involvement of the nuclear genome in the production and maintenance of these rearrangements.

8p research12 01-06-2013 50 6   Download

Glofish is the first transgenic animal approved to be consumed by human in the USA  The insertion of different constructs of GFP into the fish genomes to give different green colors.The idea for recombinant DNA was first proposed by Peter Lobban, a graduate student of Prof. Dale Kaiser in the Biochemistry Department at Stanford University Medical School. The first publications describing the successful production and intracellular replication of recombinant DNA appeared in 1972 and 1973.

54p zingzing09 24-04-2013 77 5   Download

Hybridomas are cells that have been engineered to produce a desired antibody in large amounts. To produce monoclonal antibodies, Bcells are removed from the spleen of an animal that has been challenged with the relevant antigen. These B-cells are then fused with myeloma tumor cells that can grow indefinitely in culture (myeloma is a B-cell cancer). This fusion is performed by making the cell membranes more permeable. The fused hybrid cells (called hybridomas), being cancer cells, will multiply rapidly and indefinitely and will produce large amounts of the desired antibodies.

7p zingzing09 24-04-2013 70 4   Download

important regulators of biological processes in animals and plants. MiRNAs regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by binding to mRNAs and either inhibit translation or modify the stability of the mRNA. Due to the important biological role of miRNAs it is of great interest to study their expression level in the cells. Furthermore, miRNAs have been associated with cancer and other diseases [1] and miRNA expression can help in the diagnosis and prognostic of human disease [2,3].

11p zingzing09 24-04-2013 51 3   Download

The beneficial influence of dietary curcumin, capsaicin and their combina-tion on the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation was examined in an animal study. Individually, both dietary curcumin and capsaicin significantly inhibited thein vivo iron-induced LDL oxidation, as well as copper-induced oxidation of LDLin vitro. The protective effect of the combination of curcumin and capsaicin on LDL oxidation was greater than that of individual compounds.

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 48 5   Download

Tocopherols are essential micronutrients in human and animal nutrition due to their function as lipophilic anti-oxidants. Theyare exclusively synthesizedbyphotosynthetic organisms including higher plants. Despite the attributed beneficial health effects and many industrial applications, research on the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway and its regulation inplants is still limited.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 40 4   Download

This report describes the presence of a unique dual domain carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the giant clam,Tridacna gigas. CA plays an important role in the movement of inorganic carbon (Ci ) from the surrounding sea-water to the symbiotic algae that are found within the clam’s tissue. One of these isoforms is a glycoprotein which is significantly larger (70 kDa) than any previously reported from animals (generally between 28 and 52 kDa).

9p fptmusic 11-04-2013 36 4   Download

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neuro-degenerative diseases of humans and animals. The underlying infectious agent, the prion, accumulates not only in the central ner-vous system (CNS) but also in secondary lymphoid organs. I will revisit the role of the immune system in peripheral prion pathogen-esis, while focusing on the mechanisms by which extraneural and extralymphatic prion infectivity develops.

64p fptmusic 11-04-2013 36 4   Download

Protein aggregation is central to most neurodegenerative diseases, as shown by familial case studies and by animal models. A modified ‘amyloid cas-cade’ hypothesis for Alzheimer’s disease states that prefibrillar oligomers, also called amyloid-b-derived diffusible ligands or globular oligomers, are the responsible toxic agent. It has been proposed that these oligomeric spe-cies, as shown for amyloid-b, b2 -microglobulin or prion fragments, exert toxicity by forming pores in membranes, initiating a cascade of detrimental events for the cell. ...

10p awards 06-04-2013 40 3   Download

Calpain 1, a ubiquitous calcium-dependent intracellular protease, was recently found in a tight association with myofibrils in skeletal muscle tis-sue [Delgado EF, Geesink GH, Marchello JA, Goll DE & Koohmaraie M (2001) J Anim Sci79, 2097–2107). Our immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy investigations restrain the protease location at the per-iphery of the Z-band and at the midpoint of the I-band.

13p awards 06-04-2013 35 4   Download

The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase⁄ganciclovir (HSV-tk⁄GCV) sys-tem that selectively depletes cells expressing HSV-tk upon treatment with GCV has provided a valuable tool for developing a new animal model expressing the desired tissue damage. In this paper, an HSV-tk vector with an albumin promoter⁄enhancer was constructed. Based on the favourable killing effect on Hep-G2 cells by the recombinant construct, the HSV-tk transgenic mouse strains were developed.

9p awards 06-04-2013 53 3   Download

Planarians are one of the simplest animal groups with a central nervous system. Their primitive central nervous system produces large quantities of a variety of neuropeptides, of which many are amidated at their C terminus. In vertebrates, peptide amidation is catalyzed by two enzymes [peptidylglycine a-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) and peptidyl-a-hydroxylglycinea-amidating lyase] acting sequentially. In mammals, both enzymatic activities are contained within a single protein that is encoded by a single gene....

14p awards 05-04-2013 42 4   Download

The conduction of protons through human Nox2 has pre-viously been shown to be dependent upon His115. Align-ment of sequences for both animal and plant Nox proteins indicated that histidines 115 and 119 are both highly con-served, while His111 was conserved among animal homo-logues of Nox1–4. To investigate the possible role that these histidine residues might play in the conduction of protons through Nox2, we have introduced both paired and single mutations into these histidine residues.

8p awards 05-04-2013 43 4   Download

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis can be induced in susceptible animals by immunodominant deter-minants of myelin basic protein (MBP). To characterize the molecular features of antigenic sites important for designing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis suppressing molecules, we report structural studies, based on NMR experimental data in conjunction with molecular dynamic simulations, of the potent linear dodecapeptide epitope of guinea pig MBP, Gln74-Lys75-Ser76-Gln77-Arg78-Ser79-Gln80-Asp81-Glu82-Asn83-Pro84-Val85 [MBP(74–85)], and its antagonist analogue Ala81MBP(74–85)....

15p awards 05-04-2013 54 3   Download

Riftia pachyptila(Vestimentifera) is a giant tubeworm living around the volcanic deep-sea vents of the East Pacific Rise. This animal is devoid of a digestive tract and lives in an intimate symbiosis with a sulfur-oxidizing chemoauto-trophic bacterium. This bacterial endosymbiont is localized in the cells of a richly vascularized organ of the worm: the trophosome.

10p awards 05-04-2013 45 3   Download

Collectins are a family of collagenous calcium-dependent defense lectins in animals. Their polypeptide chains consist of four regions: a cysteine-rich N-terminal domain,a colla-gen-like region,ana-helical coiled-coil neck domain and a C-terminal lectin or carbohydrate-recognition domain. These polypeptide chains form trimers that may assemble into larger oligomers. The best studied family members are the mannan-binding lectin,which is secreted into the blood by the liver,and the surfactant proteins A andD,which are secreted into the pulmonary alveolar and airway lining fluid....

21p dell39 03-04-2013 46 6   Download