Breast dose

The purpose of the study is to quantify breast dose to reassure patients and staff that these understandings still apply. A combination of measurements and simulations were used to estimate absorbed breast dose. Gafchromic® XR-QA2 film was used to measure breast dose placed inside the RANDO® phantom in a series of controlled experiments. The RANDO® is an anthropomorphic phantom commonly used for dosimetry investigations. Gafchromic® XR QA2 film is a radiochromic film that changes colour when irradiated. Simulation is commonly used and readily available.

195p runthenight05 01-03-2023 7 3   Download

The overall aim of this study is to determine the most effective way to reduce the radiation dose to the breast during non-breast related CT scans, whilst still maintaining a suitable image quality. This study will attempt to compare the doses and noise of various protocols that can be used for dose reduction, including tube current modulation, bismuth breast shields and manual reduction of tube current.

111p runthenight07 01-03-2023 11 3   Download

Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), one of the major components of basic granules of eosinophils, is cytotoxic to tracheal epithelium. However, the extent of this e€ect on other cell types has not been evaluatedin vitro.Inthis study, we evaluated the e€ect of ECP on 13 mammalian cell lines. ECP inhibited the growth of several cell lines including those derived from carcinoma and leukemia in a dose-dependent manner.

10p research12 29-04-2013 36 4   Download

Previous results have shown that theoncoembryonicmarker a-fetoprotein (AFP) is able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through activation of caspase 3, bypassing Fas-dependent and tumor necrosis factor receptor-dependent signaling. In this study we further investigate the molecular interactions involvedin the AFP-mediatedsignaling of apoptosis. We show that AFP treatment of tumor cells is accompaniedby cytosolic translocation of mitochondrial cytochromec.

12p tumor12 20-04-2013 45 2   Download

Seven alleles of the chicken melanocortin (MC) 1 receptor were cloned into expression vectors, expressed in mam-malian cells and pharmacologicallycharacterized. Four of the clones e +R ,e +B&D ,e wh /e y ,E Rfayoumi gave receptors to which melanocortin stimulating hormone (a-MSH) and NDP-MSH bound with similar IC50values and responded toa-MSHbyincreasing intracellular cAMP levels in a dose-dependent manner.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 31 3   Download

The physiological role of a bifunctional enzyme, 3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase (DCH), which is capable of both hydrolysis of ester bonds and organic acid-assisted bromination of organic compounds, was investigated. Purified DCH fromAcinetobacter calcoaceticusF46 cata-lysed dose- and time-dependent degradation of peracetic acid. The gene (dch) was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of the bacterium.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 37 3   Download

Primary olfactory neuronal cultures exposed to odorant stimulation have previously exhibited concentration-related effects in terms of intracellular cAMP levels and adenylate cyclase activity [Ronnett, G.V., Parfitt, D.J., Hester, L.D. & Snyder, S.H. (1991)PNAS88, 2366–2369].Maximal sti-mulation occurred for intermediate concentrations, whereas AC activity declined for both low and high odorant con-centrations.We suspected that this behavior might be ascribed to the intrinsic response of the first molecular species concerned by odorant detection, i.e. the olfactory receptor itself....

8p fptmusic 16-04-2013 38 3   Download

In order to understand the roles of the epoxide hydrolases (EHs) in xenobiotic biotransformation in insects, we exam-ined the induction of EHs by exogenous compounds in Drosophila melangasterthird instar larvae. Among the chemicals tested, clofibrate, a phenoxyacetate hypolipider-mics drug, increased EH activity towardscis-stilbene oxide approximately twofold in larval whole-body homogenates. The same dose of clofibrate also induced glutathione S-transferase activity.

10p fptmusic 12-04-2013 36 2   Download

Anovel photoprotectivemycosporinewas isolated fromthe lichenized ascomyceteCollema cristatum. Biological activity was measured in terms of protection against UV-B induced membrane destruction and pyrimidine dimer formation in cultured human keratinocytes, and prevention of UV-B induced erythema. It was found that the pure isolated compound prevented UV-B induced cell destruction in a dose-dependent manner, that the compound partially pre-vented pyrimidine dimer formation and completely preven-ted UV-B induced erythema when applied to the skin prior to irradiation....

5p dell39 03-04-2013 42 4   Download

a-defensins are released from granules of leukocytes and are implicated in inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases. In the present study, the effects of a-defensins on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of lung fibroblasts were examined. We found thata-defensin-1 and a-defensin-2 induced dose-dependent increases in the incorporation of 5-bromo-2¢-deoxy-uridine into newly synthesized DNA in two lines of human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1 and LL-86)

12p viettel02 20-02-2013 37 3   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: "Constitutive gene expression profile segregates toxicity in locally advanced breast cancer patients treated with high-dose hyperfractionated radical radiotherapy...

7p toshiba10 15-10-2011 53 2   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: "Dose volume histogram analysis of normal structures associated with accelerated partial breast irradiation delivered by high dose rate brachytherapy and comparison with whole breast external beam radiotherapy fields...

11p toshiba10 15-10-2011 69 2   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Dose distribution in the thyroid gland following radiation therapy of breast cancer-a retrospective study...

7p toshiba10 14-10-2011 45 5   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Dose-response relationship for breast cancer induction at radiotherapy dose...

7p toshiba10 14-10-2011 41 5   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Combined low initial DNA damage and high radiation-induced apoptosis confers clinical resistance to long-term toxicity in breast cancer patients treated with high-dose radiotherapy...

8p toshiba10 14-10-2011 42 2   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Doses to internal organs for various breast radiation techniques - implications on the risk of secondary cancers and cardiomyopathy...

6p toshiba10 14-10-2011 55 3   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Radiation Oncology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The impact of dose calculation algorithms on partial and whole breast radiation treatment plans...

9p toshiba10 14-10-2011 48 3   Download