Caenorhabditis elegans

Những vector tái tổ hợp đó được chuyển vào trong giun lưỡng tính dhs-21(jh129) và C. elegans N2 bằng kỹ thuật chuyển gen vi tiêm (microinjection). Kết quả cho thấy promoter p2 điều hoà biểu hiện của gen dhs-21 ổn định và giống với tiêu bản immunogold Electric Microscopy (EM). dhs-21 biểu hiện trong giun lưỡng tính và giun đực từ giai đoạn phôi thai cho tới khi giun chết. DHS-21 xuất hiện ở trong tế bào chất của tế bào ruột, tế bào biểu mô ống sinh dục (gonad sheath cells), tế bào utse (uterin seam cell).

7p nguyenhong1235 28-11-2018 45 8   Download

Dystrobrevin is one of the intracellular components of the transmembrane dystrophin–glycoprotein complex (DGC). The functional role of this complex in normal and pathological situations has not yet been clearly established. Dystrobrevin disappears from the muscle membrane in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which results from dystrophin mutations, as well as in limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD), which results from mutations affecting other members of the DGC complex.

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In the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, 40 genes code for astacin-likeproteins (nematodeastacins,NAS).The astacins are metalloproteases present in bacteria, invertebrates and vertebrates and serve avarietyof physiological functions like digestion, hatching, peptide processing, morphogenesis and pattern formation. With the exception of one distorted pseudogene, all the otherC. elegansastacins are expressed and are evidently functional. For 13 genes we found splicing patterns differing from the Genefinder predictions in WormBase, sometimes markedly....

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Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase (MCE) is an enzyme involved in the pro-pionyl-CoA metabolism that is responsible for the degradation of branched amino acids and odd-chain fatty acids. This pathway typically functions in the reversible conversion of propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. The Caenor-habditis elegansgenome contains a single gene encoding MCE (mce-1) cor-responding to a 15 kDa protein.

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Ribonuclease H1 (RNase H1) is a widespread enzyme found in a range of organisms from viruses to humans. It is capable of degrading the RNA moiety of DNA–RNA hybrids and requires a bivalent ion for activity. In contrast with most eukaryotes, which have one gene encoding RNase H1, the activity of which depends on Mg 2+ ions, Caenorhabditis eleganshas four RNase H1-related genes, and one of them has an isoform produced by alter-native splicing.

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The deoxyhexose sugar fucose has an important fine-tuning role in regula-ting the functions of glycoconjugates in disease and development in mam-mals. The two genetic model organismsCaenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogasteralso express a range of fucosylated glycans, and the nematode particularly has a number of novel forms.

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Four cDNA clones that were annotated in the database as encoding d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) or d-aspartate oxidase (DASPO) were iso-lated by RT-PCR from Caenorhabditis elegans RNA. The proteins (Y69Ap, C47Ap, F18Ep, and F20Hp) encoded by the cloned cDNAs were expressed in Escherichia colias recombinant proteins with an N-terminal His-tag.

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Because arsenic is the most prevalent environmental toxin, it is imperative that we understand the mechanisms of metalloid detoxification. In prokary-otes, arsenic detoxification is accomplished by chromosomal and plasmid-borne operon-encoded efflux systems.

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The activation of ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs) family proteases depends on removal of the prodomain. Although several studies suggest that ADAMTS activities play roles in development, homeostasis and disease, it remains unclear when and where the enzymes are activated in vivo.

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Osmotic homeostasis is a fundamental requirement for life. In general, the effector mechanisms that mediate cellular and extracellular osmoregulation in animals are reasonably well defined. However, at the molecular level, little is known about how animals detect osmotic and ionic perturbations and transduce them into regulatory responses.

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Two metallothionein (MT) isoforms have been identified in the model nem-atode Caenorhabditis elegans: CeMT1 and CeMT2, comprising two poly-peptides that are 75 and 63 residues in length, respectively. Both isoforms encompass a conserved cysteine pattern (19 in CeMT1 and 18 in CeMT2) and, most significantly

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To elucidate the function of kappa class glutathione transferases (GSTs) in multicellular organisms, their expression and silencing were investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans. In contrast with most vertebrates, which possess only one GST kappagene, two distinct genes encoding GSTK-1 and GSTK-2 are present in theC. elegansgenome.

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Pyrimidine biosynthesis enzymes function in many cellular processes and are closely associated with pyrimidine antagonists used in cancer chemo-therapy. These enzymes are well characterized from bacteria to mammals, but not in a simple metazoan. To study the pyrimidine biosynthesis path-way inCaenorhabditis elegans, we screened for mutants exhibiting resis-tance to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

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In recent years, our understanding of how gene regulatory networks con-trol cell physiology has improved dramatically. Studies have demonstrated that transcription is regulated not only by protein factors, but also by small RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs). The first miRNA was discovered in 1993 as a result of a genetic screen for mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Pyrimidines are important metabolites in all cells. Levels of cellular pyrimi-dines are controlled by multiple mechanisms, with one of these comprising the reductive degradation pathway. In the model invertebrateCaenorhabditis elegans, two of the three enzymes of reductive pyrimidine degradation have previously been characterized.

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The nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansexpresses two metallothioneins (MTs), CeMT-1 and CeMT-2, that are believed to be key players in the protection against metal toxicity. In this study, both isoforms were expressedin vitro in the presence of either Zn(II) or Cd(II).

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Gut granules are cell type-specific lysosome-related organelles found within the intestinal cells of Caenorhabditis elegans. To investigate the regulation of lysosome-related organelle size, we screened forC. elegansmutants with substantially enlarged gut granules, identifying alleles of the vacuolar-type H + -ATPase and uridine-5¢-monophosphate synthase (UMPS)-1.

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Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal pathway used to degrade and recycle long-lived proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. This homeostatic ability makes autophagy an important pro-survival mechanism in response to several stresses, such as nutrient starvation, hypoxia, dam-aged mitochondria, protein aggregation and pathogens.

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Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Caenorhabditis elegans Egg-Laying Detection and Behavior Study Using Image Analysis

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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Caenorhabditis elegans chromosome arms are anchored to the nuclear membrane via discontinuous association with LEM-2...

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