Cell cycle regulation and transcription

E2F transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression. E2F6, the most recently identified member of the E2F family, is a retinoblastoma-protein-independent transcriptional repressor that is required for developmental patterning of the axial skeleton. It has recently been shown that theE2f6locus produces two different mRNAs, E2F6 and E2F6b. The E2F6b mRNA contains an additional exon that is inserted by alternative splicing.

7p tumor12 22-04-2013 32 1   Download

Ribonucleotide reductase is essential for the synthesis of all four dNTPs required for DNA replication. The enzyme is composed of two proteins, R1 and R2, which are both needed for activity. Expression of the R1 andR2mRNAs is restricted to the S-phase of the cell cycle, but the R1 andR2 promoters shownoobvious sequence homologies that could indicate coordination of transcription.

11p fptmusic 16-04-2013 35 3   Download

The finding of a genome-wide oscillation in transcription that gates cells into S phase and coordinates mitochondrial and metabolic functions has altered our understanding of how the cell cycle is timed and how stable cellular phenotypes are maintained.

13p media19 06-03-2013 37 4   Download

Type 2A serine⁄threonine phosphatases are part of the PPP subfamily that is formed by PP2A, PP4 and PP6, and participate in a variety of cellular processes including transcription, translation, regulation of the cell cycle, signal transduction and apoptosis.

14p media19 05-03-2013 37 3   Download

Recently, the conserved human LINC⁄DREAM complex has been described as an important regulator of cell cycle genes. LINC consists of a core module that dynamically associates with E2F transcription factors, p130 and the B-MYB transcription factor in a cell cycle-dependent manner. In this study, we analyzed the evolutionary conserved LIN54 subunit of LINC.

14p viettel02 20-02-2013 40 3   Download

All cells, from prokaryotes to vertebrates, synthesize enormous amounts of rRNA to produce 1–2 million ribosomes per cell cycle, which are required to maintain the protein synthesis capacity of the daughter cells. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the elucidation of the basic principles of transcriptional regulation and the pathways that adapt cellular rRNA synthesis to metabolic activity, a process that is essential for under

14p viettel02 19-02-2013 41 1   Download

Mutations in the tumor suppressor breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), an important player in the DNA damage response, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and transcription, confer a significantly elevated life-time risk for breast and ovarian cancer.

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The cell cycle-dependent element (CDE) and the cell cycle genes homology region (CHR) control the transcription of genes with maximum expression in G2 phase and in mitosis. Promoters of these genes are repressed by pro-teins binding to CDE⁄CHR elements in G0 and G1 phases. Relief from repression begins in S phase and continues into G2 phase and mitosis.

17p mobifone23 18-01-2013 43 5   Download

Some limited understanding of self-renewal exists and, intriguingly, implicates gene products that are associated with the chromatin state, a high-order organization of chromosomal DNA that influences transcription. These include members of the polycomb family, a group of zinc finger–containing transcriptional regulators that interact with the chromatin structure, contributing to the accessibility of groups of genes for transcription.

6p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 83 6   Download