Chromosome integrity

Telomeres maintain genomic integrity in normal cells, and their progressive shortening during successive cell divisions induces chromosomal instability. In the large majority of cancer cells, telomere length is maintained by telomerase. Thus, telomere length and telomerase activity are crucial for cancer initiation and the survival of tumors.

18p vioraclene 31-03-2024 1 1   Download

Enabled by high-throughput sequencing approaches, epithelial cancers across a range of tissue types are seen to harbor gene fusions as integral to their landscape of somatic aberrations. Although many gene fusions are found at high frequency in several rare solid cancers, apart from fusions involving the ETS family of transcription factors which have been seen in approximately 50 % of prostate cancers, several other common solid cancers have been shown to harbor recurrent gene fusions at low frequencies.

18p vioraclene 31-03-2024 3 0   Download

The multiple de novo copy number variant (MdnCNV) phenotype is described by having four or more constitutional de novo CNVs (dnCNVs) arising independently throughout the human genome within one generation. It is a rare peri-zygotic mutational event, previously reported to be seen once in every 12,000 individuals referred for genome-wide chromosomal microarray analysis due to congenital abnormalities.

21p viellison 28-03-2024 3 2   Download

Part 1 book "Molecular cell biology" includes content: Life begins with cells, chemical foundations, protein structure and function, basic molecular genetic mechanisms, biomembranes and cell architecture, integrating cells into tissues, transport of ions and small molecules across cell membranes, cellular energetics, molecular genetic techniques and genomics, molecular structures of genes and chromosomes, transcriptional control of gene expression.

490p muasambanhan07 18-02-2024 2 2   Download

The maintenance of spindle pole integrity is essential for spindle assembly and chromosome segregation during mitosis. However, the underlying mechanisms governing spindle pole integrity remain unclear.

14p vileonardodavinci 23-12-2023 5 3   Download

Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes, playing a vital role in maintaining chromosomal integrity and stability. Dysregulation of telomeres has been implicated in the develop‑ ment of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the most common type of lung cancer

10p vioracle 29-09-2023 6 2   Download

Ebook Principles of biochemistry (8th edition): Part 3 includes content: Lipid biosynthesis; biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules; hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism III information pathways; genes and chromosomes; DNA metabolism, RNA metabolism; protein metabolism; regulation of gene expression.

1736p oursky05 20-09-2023 5 2   Download

Selecting chromosome substitution strains (CSSs, also called consomic strains/lines) used in the search for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) consistently requires the identification of the respective phenotypic trait of interest and is simply based on a significant difference between a consomic and host strain. However, statistical significance as represented by P values does not necessarily predicate practical importance.

16p vinarcissa 21-03-2023 4 1   Download

Double minute chromosomes are circular fragments of DNA whose presence is associated with the onset of certain cancers. Double minutes are lethal, as they are highly amplified and typically contain oncogenes. Locating double minutes can supplement the process of cancer diagnosis, and it can help to identify therapeutic targets.

7p vinarcissa 21-03-2023 3 1   Download

The re-sequencing of C. angulata has revealed many polymorphisms in candidate genes related to adaptation to abiotic stress that are not present in C. gigas; these genes, therefore, are probably related to the ability of this oyster to retain high concentrations of toxic heavy metals.

12p vihagrid 30-01-2023 8 3   Download

The integration of genome annotations is critical to the identification of genetic variants that are relevant to studies of disease or other traits. However, comprehensive variant annotation with diverse file formats is difficult with existing methods. Here we describe vcfanno, which flexibly extracts and summarizes attributes from multiple annotation files and integrates the annotations within the INFO column of the original VCF file.

9p viaristotle 29-01-2022 14 0   Download

The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata, is a major destructive insect pest due to its broad host range, which includes hundreds of fruits and vegetables. It exhibits a unique ability to invade and adapt to ecological niches throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world, though medfly infestations have been prevented and controlled by the sterile insect technique (SIT) as part of integrated pest management programs (IPMs).

31p viaristotle 29-01-2022 13 0   Download

We report SPIN, an integrative computational method to reveal genome-wide intranuclear chromosome positioning and nuclear compartmentalization relative to multiple nuclear structures, which are pivotal for modulating genome function.

23p viarchimedes 26-01-2022 8 0   Download

Human herpesvirus-6A and -6B (HHV-6) are betaherpesviruses that reach > 90% seroprevalence in the adult population. Unique among human herpesviruses, HHV-6 can integrate into the subtelomeric regions of human chromosomes; when this occurs in germ line cells it causes a condition called inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (iciHHV-6). Only two complete genomes are available for replicating HHV-6B, leading to numerous conflicting annotations and little known about the global genomic diversity of this ubiquitous virus.

17p vibeauty 23-10-2021 5 1   Download

Malaria mosquitoes have had a remarkable stability in the number of chromosomes in their karyotype (2n = 6) during 100 million years of evolution. Moreover, autosomal arms were assumed to maintain their integrity even if their associations with each other changed via whole-arm translocations. Here we use high-coverage comparative physical genome mapping of three Anopheles species to test the extent of evolutionary conservation of chromosomal arms in malaria mosquitoes.

14p vibeauty 23-10-2021 20 2   Download

The importance of transposable elements (TEs) in the genomic remodeling and chromosomal rearrangements that accompany lineage diversification in vertebrates remains the subject of debate. The major impediment to understanding the roles of TEs in genome evolution is the lack of comparative and integrative analyses on complete taxonomic groups.

18p vibeauty 23-10-2021 3 0   Download

Chromosomal level reference genomes provide a crucial foundation for genomics research such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and whole genome selection. The chromosomal-level sequences of both the European (Pyrus communis) and Chinese (P. bretschneideri) pear genomes have not been published in public databases so far.

13p vitzuyu2711 29-09-2021 14 1   Download

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) are intestinal pathogenic bacteria that cause life-threatening disease in humans. Their cardinal virulence factor is Shiga toxin (Stx), which is encoded on lambdoid phages integrated in the chromosome.

14p visilicon2711 20-08-2021 13 1   Download

Chromosomal architecture, which is constituted by chromatin loops, plays an important role in cellular functions. Gene expression and cell identity can be regulated by the chromatin loop, which is formed by proximal or distal enhancers and promoters in linear DNA (1D).

13p visilicon2711 20-08-2021 8 1   Download

Integration of T-DNA into plant genomes via Agrobacterium may interrupt gene structure and generate numerous mutants. The T-DNA caused mutants are valuable materials for understanding T-DNA integration model in plant research.

11p visilicon2711 20-08-2021 7 1   Download