Co-production

The monomers p-biphenyloxycarbonylphenyl acrylate (BPCPA) and p-biphenyloxycarbonylphenyl methacrylate (BPCPMA) were synthesized by the reaction of p-acryloyloxybenzoyl chloride and p-methacryloyloxybenzoyl chloride with 4-hydroxybiphenyl, respectively, and polymerized by bulk polymerization in vacuum by using dicumyl peroxide. The graft copolymerization of the monomers onto polypropylene were carried out by bulk melt polymerization at 170◦C with various concentration levels of the monomers and the initiator in reaction mixtures.

17p langthannam 29-12-2021 4 0   Download

Acetone is an important solvent and widely used in the synthesis of drugs and polymers. Currently, acetone is mainly generated by the Cumene Process, which employs benzene and propylene as fossil raw materials. Phenol is a coproduct of this synthesis.

11p vijiraiya2711 27-05-2020 7 0   Download

Biochar is a solid coproduct of biomass pyrolysis, and soil amended with biochar has been shown to enhance the productivity of various crops and induce systemic plant resistance to fungal pathogens.

15p vihashirama2711 21-05-2020 18 0   Download

Ethanol production is also known as ethanolic fermentation in which sugars of biomaterials are converted into the ethanol and carbon hydroxide that may called as coproduct of fermentation. In general fermentation is a bio-chemical process where decomposition of biomaterials takes place. During bio-chemical reduction the sugar compounds like sucrose, fructose, glucose and lactose are converted into the ethyl ethanol and CO2 as by product of the fermentation process.

19p quenchua4 06-04-2020 15 3   Download

part 2 book “economic foundations for creative ageing policy” has contents: aims and challenges of the creative ageing policy, principles, governance, and coproduction of the creative ageing policy, organizational forms and management for the building of creative capital of older people.

206p tieu_vu13 06-08-2018 24 1   Download

present: changes since the 1993 ers analysis of ethanol production; ethanol’s energy efficiency; advances in separation technologies; new ways of fermentation; new enzymes; distillation technology; control systems; environmental technologies; technologies involving coproducts; stillage clarification and other uses of membranes; regional impacts of ethanol plants; national benefits from ethanol…

33p loixinloi 08-05-2013 57 8   Download

Modifications of the dry-grind facility have made the recovery of corn germ possible in dry milling. Normally, neither corn germ nor any other corn fraction is separated out before becoming part of the mash; all components go through fermentation and become part of the feed coproduct, DDGS. Various modifications of the process have made it possible to recover fiber and corn germ—and thus corn oil—from both the endosperm and the peri- carp (outer covering) of the kernel.

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Higher ethanol yield leaves less DDGS for animal feed, possibly changing the quality as well as the quantity of the feed coproduct. A lower quantity might raise the protein percentage, but it could also concentrate some of the undesirable contents of the DDGS. Any changes, however, are expected to be minor. (See Haefele et al., p.14, on the selection of hybrids.

32p loixinloi 08-05-2013 57 5   Download

Unlike in dry milling, where the entire mash is fermented, in wet milling only the starch is fermented. The starch is then cooked, or liquefied, and an enzyme added to hydrolyze, or segment, the long starch chains. In dry milling, the mash, which still contains all the feed coproducts, is cooked and an enzyme added. In both systems a second enzyme is added to turn the starch into a simple sugar, glucose, in a process called saccharification. Saccharification in a wet mill may take up to 48 hours, though it usually requires less time, depending on the amount of enzyme used.

222p loixinloi 08-05-2013 56 9   Download

The industry is still improving technologically. It is far more mature than in 1993, and new developments appear poised to bring costs down further and to reduce the environmental impact of producing ethanol. In this report, we examine various production technologies, beginning with input improve- ments and then discussing process improvements, environmental technolo- gies, and technologies involving coproducts. Finally, we look at niche markets and briefly examine cellulosic conversion.

118p loixinloi 08-05-2013 53 7   Download

Gaseous injection of sulfur dioxide was beginning in 1993 and is a part of the quick-germ (QG) and quick-fiber (QF) techniques currently being devel- oped. There is revived interest in the use of special corn hybrids high in starch, though their use is still not widespread. Membrane filtration and yeast immobilization were being used in some plants in 1993, but their use, contrary to expectations, has not increased. Bacterial fermentation is still not used commercially, nor is cellulosic conversion of corn fiber.

22p loixinloi 08-05-2013 72 5   Download

Though the savings from technological improvements are significant, they tend to be small compared with fluctuations in the net cost of corn, the main ethanol feedstock. This is illustrated in table 2, which presents data on corn costs and profits from the coproduct DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) in dry-mill ethanol production from 1981-2004. Since 1981, sales of DDGS have recovered nearly half the cost of each bushel of corn used to produce ethanol, peaking in 1986, when over 66 percent of the feedstock cost was recovered this way.

41p loixinloi 08-05-2013 46 3   Download

Tham khảo sách 'clean coal technology coproduction of power fuels and chemicals', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, kĩ thuật viễn thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả

34p nt18101 30-04-2013 28 5   Download

The nonheme iron oxygenase VioC fromStreptomyces vinaceuscatalyzes Fe(II)-dependent and a-ketoglutarate-dependent Cb-hydroxylation of l-arginine during the biosynthesis of the tuberactinomycin antibiotic vio-mycin. Crystal structures of VioC were determined in complexes with the cofactor Fe(II), the substrate l-arginine, the product (2S,3S)-hydroxyargi-nine and the coproduct succinate at 1.1–1.3 A˚ resolution.

14p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 53 3   Download