Confusional states

Ebook Clinical neurology (9th edition): Part 1 includes content: Neurologic history and examination; investigative studies; coma; confusional states; dementia and amnestic disorders; headache and facial pain; neuro ophthalmic disorders.

190p zizaybay1101 30-04-2024 5 2   Download

Part 1 book "Clinical neurology" includes contents: Neurologic history and examination; investigative studies; coma; confusional states; dementia and amnestic disorders; headache and facial pain; neuro ophthalmic disorders.

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Clinical Features of Delirium A multitude of terms are used to describe delirium, including encephalopathy, acute brain failure, acute confusional state, and postoperative or intensive care unit (ICU) psychosis. Delirium has many clinical manifestations, but essentially it is defined as a relatively acute decline in cognition that fluctuates over hours or days. The hallmark of delirium is a deficit of attention, although all cognitive domains— including memory, executive function, visuospatial tasks, and language—are variably involved. ...

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Approach to the Patient: Delirium As the diagnosis of delirium is clinical and made at the bedside, a careful history and physical examination is necessary when evaluating patients with possible confusional states. Screening tools can aid physicians and nurses in identifying patients with delirium, including the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) (Table 26-1); the Organic Brain Syndrome Scale; the Delirium Rating Scale; and, in the ICU, the Delirium Detection Score and the ICU version of the CAM.

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Harrison's Internal Medicine Chapter 26. Confusion and Delirium Confusion and Delirium: Introduction Confusion, a mental and behavioral state of reduced comprehension, coherence, and capacity to reason, is one of the most common problems encountered in medicine, accounting for a large number of emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and inpatient consultations. Delirium, a term used to describe an acute confusional state, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, contributing billions of dollars yearly to health care costs in the United States alone.

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Migraine Headache Migraine, the second most common cause of headache, afflicts approximately 15% of women and 6% of men. It is usually an episodic headache that is associated with certain features such as sensitivity to light, sound, or movement; nausea and vomiting often accompany the headache. A useful description of migraine is a benign and recurring syndrome of headache associated with other symptoms of neurologic dysfunction in varying admixtures (Table 15-3). Migraine can often be recognized by its activators, referred to as triggers.

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