Disease resistance

High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) which are clinically managed by watchful waiting.

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Ebook "Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease: Management, molecular biology, breeding for resistance" will awaken the interest of breeders, phytopathologists, environmentalists, extension services, plant virologists, entomologists and molecular biologists. It deals both with the epidemiological aspects of the disease and with integrated pest management in the field. It discusses the efforts aimed at breeding tomato plants resistant to the virus (using classical breeding, marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering).

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In ebook "Hot topics in infection and immunity in children VI" the size and severity of the problem will have become much clearer. For now, the outbreak serves as yet another reminder of the enduring importance of infectious diseases in human health and global prosperity and the need to continue studying them with all the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory tools at our disposal.

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Ebook "Fungal biofilms and related infections: Advances in microbiology, infectious diseases and public health (Volume 3)" covers the latest data available to understand the mechanisms causing the formation of single species fungal biofilms or polymicrobial biofilms involving fungal species; specific chapters present hot topics such as resistance mechanisms and composition and role of the matrix. Moreover, it reviews updated data on biofilms that contain yeasts or filamentous fungi and develop in the human body or in water and may cause infections.

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Ebook "Malaria: Drugs, disease and post-genomic biology" despite rapid increases in knowledge, malaria continues to kill more than a million people each year and causes symptomatic disease in a further 300 million individuals. This volume brings some of the world's best investigators to describe recent advances in both the scientific and clinical aspects of malaria, and bridges between the two.

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Ebook "Antibacterials (Volume I)" covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e.g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level,...

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Part 2 book "Fowler's zoo and wild animal medicine current therapy" includes content: Fish medicine updates, antibiotic resistance in public aquariums, harmful algal blooms, emerging infectious diseases of reptiles, tropical avian diseases, avian hatching assistance, egg necropsies, electrocution of raptors, update on the status of vultures and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug regulations,....and other contents.

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Targeted therapies specifically act by blocking the activity of proteins that are encoded by genes critical for tumorigenesis. However, most cancers acquire resistance and long-term disease remission is rarely observed. Understanding the time course of molecular changes responsible for the development of acquired resistance could enable optimization of patients’ treatment options.

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Progress in sensitive analytical approaches has opened new avenues for the detection of cells or products such as circulating cell-free DNA released by tumors. These ‘liquid biopsies’ are being explored in clinical trials for early cancer detection, prediction of recurrent disease, and assessment of therapeutic resistance mechanisms.

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by tumor heterogeneity, locoregional metastases, and resistance to existing treatments. Although a number of genomic and molecular alterations associated with HNSCC have been identified, they have had limited impact on the clinical management of this disease.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is a recognised agent of multidrug-resistant (MDR) healthcare-associated infections; however, individual strains vary in their virulence potential due to the presence of mobile accessory genes.

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Patients diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) who received initial debulking surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy can experience highly variable clinical responses. A small percentage of women experience exceptional long-term survival (long term (LT), 10+ years), while others develop primary resistance to therapy and succumb to disease in less than 2 years (short term (ST)).

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Circulating tumor (ct) DNA is a powerful tool that can be used to track cancer beyond a single snapshot in space and time. It has potential applications in detecting minimal residual disease and predicting relapse, in selecting patients for tailored treatments, and in revealing mechanisms of response or resistance. Here, we discuss the incorporation of ctDNA into clinical trials.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a global infectious threat that is intensified by an increasing incidence of highly drug-resistant disease. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, have greatly increased our understanding of this pathogen.

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Tumor cell-intrinsic mechanisms and complex interactions with the tumor microenvironment contribute to therapeutic failure via tumor evolution. It may be possible to overcome treatment resistance by developing a personalized approach against relapsing cancers based on a comprehensive analysis of cell typespecific transcriptomic changes over the clinical course of the disease using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

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Clinical whole-genome sequencing (WGS) offers clear diagnostic benefits for patients with rare disease. However, there are barriers to its widespread adoption, including a lack of standards for clinical practice. The Medical Genome Initiative consortium was formed to provide practical guidance and support the development of standards for the use of clinical WGS.

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Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a progeroid disease characterized by the early onset of age-related phenotypes including arthritis, loss of body fat and hair, and atherosclerosis. Cells from affected individuals express a mutant version of the nuclear envelope protein lamin A (termed progerin) and have previously been shown to exhibit prominent histone modification changes.

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Angiosarcoma is an aggressive tumor. Recent case series describe exceptional responses to checkpoint blockade in this disease. Methods: Herein, we explored the genomic correlates of 48 angiosarcomas from the Angiosarcoma Project (12,499 variants analyzed in 6603 genes; whole-exome sequencing) versus 10,106 pan-cancer tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas including 235 sarcomas but no angiosarcoma.

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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated efficacy in treating inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome in an increasing number of randomized controlled trials. Recently published data gives striking insights into the factors associated with FMT success paving the road for the use of precision medicine in gastrointestinal disorders.

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A challenge in the post-GWAS era is to assign function to disease-associated variants. However, available resources do not include all tissues or environmental exposures that are relevant to all diseases. For example, exaggerated bronchoconstriction of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) defines airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a cardinal feature of asthma.

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