Effects of chemical mutagens

The biological effects of physical mutagen gamma rays and chemical mutagen Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS) were analyzed in two varieties of cowpea viz., VBN-1, and C152. Five different doses of gamma rays (100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy and 500 Gy) and five different concentrations of EMS (5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM, 20 mM and 25 mM) were used for inducing mutations in these two varieties.

11p chauchaungayxua10 19-03-2021 14 2   Download

An experiment was conducted to find out Physico-chemical characterization of lodging tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) stem for lodging tolerance at reproductive phase by studying relevant parameters in three different groups of rice germplasm viz.

9p caygaocaolon8 07-11-2020 16 2   Download

Induced mutations not only alter the plant genome but also affect the cellular component which leads to changes in seed germination to maturity traits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the somatic effect of chemical mutagen Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) on seed germination, shoot length, root length, plant photosynthetic pigments and nine yield attributing traits of two white seeded sesame varieties.

6p nguaconbaynhay7 15-08-2020 11 1   Download

An experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness and efficiency of one physical mutagen i.e. gamma rays and two chemical mutagens i.e. ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and nitrosoguanidine (NG) in greengram. To study the nature and effect of mutagens in greengram, the percentage of lethality, pollen sterility, frequency of chlorophyll mutations, mutagenic effectiveness, mutagenic efficiency and mutation rates of each mutagen were estimated.

9p angicungduoc6 22-07-2020 14 1   Download

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn) is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world and is a dietary source of vitamin, minerals, and fiber, which are important for human nutrition and health. It is extensively grown throughout the world. Sodium Azide is a chemical mutagen that has become an important tool to enhance agronomic traits of crop plants. It is being used to produce resistance in various susceptible crops to improve their yield and quality traits against harmful pathogens.

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An investigation was carried out at the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2014-2016 on the improvement of tuberose var. Prajwal through mutation breeding. The bulbs were treated with gamma rays, diethyl sulphate (DES) and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). The treatments consisted of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kR of gamma rays, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mM of DES and 30, 45, 60 and 75 mM of EMS and control (untreated). Various morphological and floral characters were observed.

8p angicungduoc6 20-07-2020 12 1   Download

Field trials were conducted to study the effect of physical and chemical mutagens (Gamma rays, Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) and Diethyl sulphate (DES)) on biometric characters viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of branches, fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit weight and fruit yield per plant and their correlations in five brinjal cultivars viz., Angoor, Annamalai, Hissar pragath, PLR 1 and Putheri. The results revealed that there had been strong association between number of fruits per plant and fruit weight with fruit yield per plant in M2 generation.

9p kethamoi6 29-06-2020 11 2   Download

Mutagenic efficiency and effectiveness is an important factor for the selection of a mutagen for a mutation breeding program. The mutagenic efficiency gives an idea of the proportion of mutation on relation to the other associated undesirable biological effects such as lethality, sterility and meiotic aberrations while mutagenic effectiveness is a measure of the frequency of the mutation induced by unit dose of mutagens. The usefulness of any particular mutagen in crop breeding depends not only on its mutagenic effectiveness but also on the mutagenic efficiency of the mutagen.

4p gaocaolon5 14-06-2020 16 1   Download

This study was performed by exposing the seeds of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to ethyl methane sulphonate [EMS] sodium azide [SA] to study their effects on various morphological traits when compared with control. The seeds of groundnut were pre-soaked in distilled water for 6 hours for ems and 24 hrs for SA. The SA, EMS solution was prepared in distilled water. Each concentration of SA, EMS was prepared in 100ml of distilled water for 300 groundnut seeds. These soaked seeds treated with different concentration of SA, EMS such as 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8, 0.10% and 0.12 %.

8p nguathienthan5 04-06-2020 10 0   Download

Unexpanded leaf rolls were used as explants for callus induction with different concentrations of mutagenic chemicals (sodium nitrite and ethylmethane sulfonate). The effect of these mutagenic chemicals on callusing, shooting and rooting was studied. Callus induction was observed in different concentrations of sodium nitrite (3 mg l-1 , 5 mg l-1 and 7 mg l-1 ) and EMS (0.6 µM, 0.8 µM, 1.0 µM) along with controls. Among all the treatments 3 mg l-1 (T4) SN and 0.6 µM EMS (T10) in 2009T5 were found to be the best for callus induction traits.

8p chauchaungayxua5 08-05-2020 17 2   Download

An experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle for the regeneration of somaclones. Two sugarcane clones, 2008T42 (susceptible to red rot) and 2009T5 (susceptible to smut) were used as plant material. Calli from the controls and different concentrations of mutagenic chemicals (sodium nitrite and EMS) were transferred on to MS media with 3 mg l-1 BAP, 2 mg l-1 IAA and 2 mg l-1 kinetin for evaluating the effect on shooting.

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The experiment was taken up at Horticultural Research station, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Orissa during Rabi season for the year 2013 & 2014. 500 seeds of variety Utkal Kumari (BT-10) were taken and subjected to single and combined mutagenic treatment as per the specification. Seedlings of the fifteen treatments were transplanted following Randomised Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Leaf area (dm2 /plant), Total Dry matter and chlorophyll content were measured 30, 60 and 75 days of transplanting.

6p nguathienthan4 18-04-2020 7 0   Download

The experiment was carried out on gladiolus variety ‘Psittacinus Hybrid’ to know the best mutagen between physical mutagen (Gamma rays) and chemical mutagen (DES). The experiment was carried out at Floriculture Research Farm, ASPEE college of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari during the year 2013-2014.

8p trinhthamhodang4 22-03-2020 7 1   Download

Water is a essential source, nowadays days the resources of the water and its availability is lacking. Industrial pollutions like textiles, leather, food industries, pharmaceuticals are the major part of pollutants and creating a major problems. Especially textile areas, uses high colorant synthetic chemical dyes, and also recalcitrant, mutagenic in nature.

5p chauchaungayxua3 07-02-2020 5 0   Download

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemical compounds that contain aromatic rings and do not contain heteroaryl or substituted groups. PAHs are found in petroleum, coal, and plastics; Moreover, PAHs are also found in foods, especially in cooked or grilled meats. These compounds are pollutants and identified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic in humans. The goal of this paper was to develop a process to analyze the content of 16 common PAHs in grilled pork by mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using standard internal substances.

10p camtucau99 20-11-2019 25 0   Download

Glutathione S-transferases in breast tissue play an important role in the susceptibility to the mutagenic effects of chemical carcinogens and in the response of breast tumors to chemotherapy.

12p vitamix 15-02-2019 21 2   Download

Risk assessment is an inexact science. Successful risk assessment practitioners rely heavily on extensive and well-documented databases.

1867p 951864273 11-05-2012 118 42   Download