Endemic regions

Ebook "Endemism in vascular plants (Plant and vegetation, Volume 9)" is the first comprehensive analysis of the macroecology and geobotany of endemic vascular plants with case-studies and analyses from different regions in the world. Endemism is a pre-extinction phenomenon. Endemics are threatened with extinction. Due to international nature conservation policies and due to the perception of the public the concept’s importance is increasing. Endemism can result from different biological and environmental processes.

354p manmanthanhla0201 26-02-2024 2 1   Download

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-associated endemic Burkitt’s Lymphoma pediatric cancer is associated with morbidity and mortality among children resident in holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum regions in western Kenya.

12p visharma 20-10-2023 3 2   Download

Histoplasmosis is caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum). Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is a more severe form of histoplasmosis and is seldom diagnosed in non-endemic regions of the world owing to the fungus’s geographical distribution.

5p viintuit 26-09-2023 1 0   Download

Pyomyositis is an uncommon acute bacterial infection of the skeletal muscle. It is sometimes referred to as “tropical pyomyositis” because it has been primarily reported as an endemic disease in tropical regions. In temperate climates, it is mainly diagnosed in immunocompromised persons, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus infection, malignancy, diabetes, and various other medical conditions.

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Illicium griffithii Hook. f. & Thoms is an endemic medicinal plant of North East India found in the Eastern Himalayan region of biodiversity mega centre. Herein, chemical investigation of I. griffithii, afforded five compounds and their structures were determined through extensive use of NMR, HRMS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The complete proton-proton, proton-carbon coupling network of compound 1 was determined using 1 H-1 H COSY, HSQC and NOESY NMR experiments.

13p lyhuyenthu 31-01-2023 5 2   Download

Inocybe viscida sp. nov., a novel species found in a forest with old trees of Pinus brutia and tertiary relict endemic Liquidambar orientalis in coastal area of southwestern Turkey, is described and illustrated. We present this new species based on morphological and molecular data from nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8SITS2 = ITS) and the portions of nuc 28S rRNA (LSU) gene. Comprehensive description, field photographs, line drawings of the microscopic features and comparisons with phenetically similar taxa and phylogenetically related species are discussed.

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African indigenous taurine cattle display unique adaptive traits shaped by husbandry management, regional climate and exposure to endemic pathogens. They are less productive with respect to milk and meat production which has been associated with amongst others, small size, traditional beliefs, husbandry practices, limited feed resources, disease burden and lack of sustained breeding for trait improvement.

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In study "The first report about genetic diversity analysis among endemic wild rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) populations through iPBS markers", genetic relationships among 80 wild rhubarb genotypes collected from some regions of Lake Van Basin, which are in the distribution area, were tried to be determined by iPBS marker system. At the same time, a commercial variety of R. rhabarbarum, which is a cultivated species, was used as control.

15p lyhuyenthu 31-01-2023 2 2   Download

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an economically important trans-boundary viral disease of clovenhoofed animals. It is caused by FMD virus, which belongs to the genus Aphthovirus and family Picornaviridae. FMD is a well-established endemic disease in Ethiopia since it was first detected in 1957.

8p vigandhi 23-02-2022 11 1   Download

African swine fever (ASF) is a viral hemorrhagic disease of domestic and wild swine. ASF has been endemic in Burkina Faso since 2003. In October 2018, substantial pig deaths occurred in Ouagadougou and two neighboring municipalities in central Burkina Faso. Following these mortalities, the veterinary extension services car‑ ried out investigations to begin control measures and collect samples.

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Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by the BEF virus (BEFV). This single-stranded RNA virus that affects cattle and water buffalo is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions including Iran.

12p vidarwin 22-02-2022 14 1   Download

Atlas projects and phylogeographic studies provide detailed information of great value on key species; distribution maps of the species are the primary input for establishing hotspots, conservation, and management plans. Krüper’s Nuthatch (Sitta krueperi) is endemic to Anatolia, Lesvos Island, and the Caucasus region. We surveyed more than 1400 point counts in Turkey and Greece, covering most of its global distribution in its potential habitat, coniferous forestland, during the breeding season.

7p dolomite36 30-12-2021 15 0   Download

In the Lower Triassic, at the time that segminate gondolellid conodonts defined the Tethyan regions, endemic segminiplanate gondolellid conodonts resembling the genus “Neogondolella” dwelled in the northern latitudes. Without the multielement apparatus characteristic of the subfamily Neogondolellinae, these forms are phylogenetically incertae sedis and one lineage was attributed to the genus Siberigondolella gen. nov.

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There are 2 species of slender lorises found in Sri Lanka: the red slender loris, Loris tardigradus (Linnaeus, 1758), endemic to the wet zone and montane areas, and the grey slender loris, Loris lydekkerianus (Cabrera, 1908), which is widespread. In addition, currently there are 2 subspecies recognized for each of these 2 slender loris species of Sri Lanka. Yet their taxonomy, evolutionary history, and biogeography are still poorly understood, and there are some preliminary data suggesting the presence of other subspecies.

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Lathrobium ovchinnikovi sp. nov. and L. klimenkoi sp. nov. from Kyrgyzstan (Fergana Mts.) are described, illustrated and distinguished from other congeners of Middle Asia. L. lackneri Assing, 2007 is reported for the first time since the original description. L. longulum Gravenhorst, 1802 and L. elongatum Linnaeus, 1767 are recorded from Kyrgyzstan for the first time. To date, nine species of the genus are known from Kyrgyzstan. Three of the nine species are endemic to the country; distributions of these species are mapped. A checklist of Lathrobium of Kyrgyzstan is provided.

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Sicily (Italy) hosts a “relict”, endemic population of the birds Alectoris graeca whitakeri commonly known as Sicilian Rock Partridge. In the last decades, due to the risk of restocking with other European and Asiatic species for hunting purpose, a study was carried out to investigate the potential risk of hybridisation. The mtDNA control-region and nuclear microsatellites were genotyped. Due to the importance of the species, samples were mainly characterized by feather and stool samples, and rarely by carcasses found in the environment, from year 2011 to 2012.

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Climate aridization and increased anthropogenic pressure pose a severe threat to natural vegetation, including coastal plant communities. Those located in river basins of the desert zone of Central Asia are among the most vulnerable. Of the variety of ecosystems of the Ili-Balkhash region of Kazakhstan, forests dominated by a rare relict species Populus pruinosa Schrenk are of particular concern. This species occupies a very narrow ecological niche associated with river banks of the arid zone, which makes it very vulnerable to adverse natural and anthropogenic factors.

14p hanthienngao 30-11-2021 7 1   Download

Astragalus devesae Talavera, A. González & G. López (Fabaceae) is a threatened Hispanic endemic species whose distribution is restricted to the center of Spain (the province of Ávila). It is classified as “Critically Endangered” in the 2010 List of Threatened Spanish Vascular Flora and as “Endangered” in the “Decree 63/2007” of Castile and Leon (administrative region in which Ávila is included). In this study, censuses of three existing populations were carried out and one of these that was found along the course of this work, was ecologically characterized.

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Saxifraga artvinensis V.A.Matthews, which is endemic to Turkey, was discovered on Tiryal Mountain (A8 Artvin, northeastern Turkey). Approximately 175 km from its type locality, a new population of the species was discovered, in the Picea orientalis forest in the Altındere Valley National Park, in A7 Trabzon (northeastern Turkey). A comparison with the known population of S. artvinensis confirmed that this new population represented a new taxon and is described as S. artvinensis subsp. meryemii Terzioğlu & Coşkunç.

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We studied the application of the neglected name Centaurea leucolepis DC., concluding, by examination of the literature and original material, that the associated taxon is C. corensis Vals. et Filig., endemic to Campania region (southern Italy) and introduced into Sardinia. The name by Candolle is legitimate and it is here lectotypified by a specimen kept at G. In addition, after field surveys and herbarium searches, we suggest that this taxon should be considered as a subspecies of C. deusta Ten.

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