Enteric fever

In Viet Nam, leaves of the plant are used to treat aching tendons, polio, and enteritis, while the roots are used for cough and malaria [31]. As part of our continuing efforts to identify readily-available essential oils for control of mosquitoes, we have assessed the essential oil from leaves of Vitex negundo (Table 1) growing in the wild in central Viet Nam for larvicidal action against Ae. aegypti.

16p nguaconbaynhay11 01-04-2021 11 2   Download

The study was done in the Department of Microbiology, at University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, Delhi from 2011 to 212.A preformatted questionnaire was used for selection of 100 patients with suspected enteric fever to be included in the study.

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LAB strain Enterococcus faecium isolated from infant feces was found to show desirable probiotic capabilities. The strain was designated as Enterococcus faecium MBTU-P1F1 and gene accession number was obtained as KF745071. The strain did not have plasmid, it was susceptible to Vancomycin and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Ampicillin towards it was examined.

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Enteric fever still remains as an important cause for morbidity and mortality throughout the world and the causative organism for Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A, B and C respectively. Objective of the study is to compare and evaluate the performance of Qualitative and semiquantitative Slide Widal test and Quantitative Tube Widal test for diagnosis of enteric fever. A cross sectional study was undertaken and about 400paired serum samples were obtained from the patients and were subjected to both slide and tube widal tests.

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Enteric fever is a global health problem causing high morbidity and mortality, especially in endemic areas such as India. The problem is exacerbated as the causative agent, Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. typhi), rapidly develops resistance to drugs used in treatment.

5p chauchaungayxua5 05-05-2020 7 1   Download

Typhoid fever is a noted cause of morbidity worldwide and a major public health problem in India and other developing countries. An early and accurate diagnosis is essential for a prompt and effective treatment. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the efficacy of rapid Salmonella-IgM test (Typhi-dot M) and Widal test in both blood culture positive and negative patients in the diagnosis of enteric fever in a tertiary hospital. A total 794 patients serum samples were tested by rapid Salmonella-IgM test (Typhi-dot M), Widal test and blood culture.

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Diagnosis of enteric fever based on clinical presentation is difficult as signs and symptoms are often non-specific. Isolation of enteric fever pathogens remains the gold standard in diagnosis. Removal of serum with antibacterial activity in clot culture, may enhance the growth of typhoid bacilli. We would like to evaluate clot blood culture system over conventional blood culture and Biphasic blood culture for diagnostic accuracy.

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi. A very similar but often less severe disease is caused by S. paratyphi A, B and sometimes C. Enteric fever is endemic in all parts of India. S. typhi and S. paratyphi A are the predominant types of Salmonella responsible of enteric fever in India. An antibiogram is the result of a laboratory testing for the sensitivity of an isolated bacterial strain to different antibiotics.

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Typhoid fever continues to be a global health problem, with an estimated 12 to 33 million cases occurring worldwide each year. India is an endemic country; sera of particular healthy individuals contain antibodies capable of reacting to a variable titre in Widal test due to previous stimuli. It is therefore, important to establish the antibody level in the normal population by “Widal baseline titre” in a particular locality. The serum samples are processed by Widal tube agglutination test to find out the baseline Widal titre. I

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Enteric fever is an endemic disease in India and Widal test is widely used for its diagnosis and to plan treatment. Interpretation of Widal test depends upon the antibody titer present amongst the healthy, asymptomatic individuals in that geographical area. Aim: To determine the Endemic titer of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi among healthy individuals in Meerut City and to find out the local recommendations for the interpretation of Widal test.

6p caygaocaolon2 14-03-2020 12 1   Download

Enteric fever is a global health problem and is also endemic in India. The etiologic agents of enteric fever i.e. S. typhi and S. paratyphi occurs mostly through food-borne or waterborne transmission. Worldwide, however, there are an estimated 22 million cases of enteric fever annually, with 600,000 deaths and an estimate of the annual typhoid incidence rate of 493.5 per 100,000 person years was reported from India in 2008. The laboratory diagnosis of enteric fever is very important mainly in this post-antibiotic era.

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A study was conducted to assess the ethno veterinary practices adopted by rural chicken farmers for management of important diseases in native chickens was conducted in eight villages involving 320 backyard poultry farmers in T.N. Palayam, Gobi and Anthiyur block of Erode district, Tamil Nadu. The results indicated that majority of the rural chicken farmers used ethno-veterinary Herbs like Pepper, Black mustard, Kilanelli, Seeragam, Venkayam,Manjal, Vasambu, Kasakasa and Vembu for the management of chickens suffering from ND, Fowl pox, Ectoparasite infestation, Fever, Enteritis and wound.

4p quenchua2 15-12-2019 12 1   Download

Antisalmonella activity of some important plants in the Ayurvedic system of traditional medicine used in India to treat enteric diseases was screened. The aqueous and methanol extracts of 47 medicinal plants were studied for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, and Salmonella typhimurium.

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Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are highly adapted for growth in both humans and animals and cause a wide spectrum of disease. The growth of serotypes S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi is restricted to human hosts, in whom these organisms cause enteric (typhoid) fever. The remaining serotypes (nontyphoidal Salmonella, or NTS) can colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of a broad range of animals, including mammals, reptiles, birds, and insects.

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Fever Fever in a traveler who has returned from a malarious area should be considered a medical emergency because death from P. falciparum malaria can follow an illness of only several days' duration. Although "fever from the tropics" does not always have a tropical cause, malaria should be the first diagnosis considered. The risk of P. falciparum malaria is highest among travelers returning from Africa or Oceania and among those who become symptomatic within the first 2 months after return.

10p thanhongan 07-12-2010 89 3   Download

Infectious Infections of the central access catheter rarely occur in the first 72 h. Fever during this period is usually from infection elsewhere or another cause. Fever that develops during PN can be addressed by checking the catheter site and, if the site looks clean, exchanging the catheter over a wire with cultures taken through the catheter and at the catheter tip. If these cultures are negative, as they are most of the time, the new catheter can continue to be used.

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Disorders of the Mononuclear Phagocyte System Many disorders of neutrophils extend to mononuclear phagocytes. Thus, drugs that suppress neutrophil production in the bone marrow can cause monocytopenia. Transient monocytopenia occurs after stress or glucocorticoid administration. Monocytosis is associated with tuberculosis, brucellosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, malaria, and visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar).

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Postmucosal Lymphatic Obstruction The pathophysiology of this condition, which is due to the rare congenital intestinal lymphangiectasia or to acquired lymphatic obstruction secondary to trauma, tumor, or infection, leads to the unique constellation of fat malabsorption with enteric losses of protein (often causing edema) and lymphocytopenia. Carbohydrate and amino acid absorption are preserved. INFLAMMATORY CAUSES Inflammatory diarrheas are generally accompanied by pain, fever, bleeding, or other manifestations of inflammation.

5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 68 3   Download