Eukaryotic species
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Reconstructing phylogenetic trees from protein sequences normally requires empirical amino acid substitution models to calculate the likelihood of trees or genetic distances between species. The tree of life is classified into three domains of Eukaryotes, Archaea, and Bacteria. The amino acid substitution models have been intensively studied for decades, but few are related to Bacteria. Rooting bacterial trees remains a challenging problem in the phylogenetic analysis due to the long branch separating Bacteria and other domains.
14p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 4 2 Download
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Part 2 book "Campylobacter spp. and related organisms in poultry - Pathogen-host interactions, diagnosis and epidemiology" includes content: A glance at prokaryotes and eukaryotes interplay and campylobacter jejuni–host interaction; epidemiology of campylobacter in farms; control of campylobacter spp. in commercial poultry production; campylobacter spp.: capacity of biofilm formation and other strategies of survival and adaption to remain in the poultry industry; antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter spp.
115p muasambanhan05 16-01-2024 5 0 Download
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Holocentric chromosomes occur in approximately 750 species of eukaryotes. Among them, the genus Tityus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) has a labile karyotype that shows complex multivalent associations during male meiosis.
11p vinarcissa 21-03-2023 3 1 Download
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S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) is the only eukaryotic enzyme capable of S-adenosyl-lhomocysteine (SAH) catabolism for the maintenance of cellular transmethylation potential. Recently, biochemical and genetic studies in herbaceous species have obtained important discoveries in the function of SAHH, and an extensive characterization of SAHH family in even one tree species is essential, but currently lacking.
15p vinarcissa 21-03-2023 1 1 Download
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The Phenomenon of codon usage bias exists in the genomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The codon usage pattern is afected by environmental factors, base mutation, gene fow and gene expression level, among which natural selection and mutation pressure are the main factors. The study of codon preference is an efective method to analyze the source of evolutionary driving forces in organisms.
10p vihagrid 30-01-2023 10 3 Download
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Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences, colloquially known as jumping genes because of their ability to replicate to new genomic locations. TEs can jump between organisms or species when given a vector of transfer, such as a tick or virus, in a process known as horizontal transfer.
13p vigalileogalilei 27-02-2022 9 1 Download
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We present TransLiG, a new de novo transcriptome assembler, which is able to integrate the sequence depth and pair-end information into the assembling procedure by phasing paths and iteratively constructing line graphs starting from splicing graphs.
9p vigalileogalilei 27-02-2022 7 1 Download
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CRISPR-Cas systems endow bacterial and archaeal species with adaptive immunity mechanisms to fend off invading phages and foreign genetic elements. CRISPR-Cas9 has been harnessed to confer virus interference against DNA viruses in eukaryotes, including plants.
16p vielonmusk 30-01-2022 14 0 Download
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Investigations into gene regulation and disease pathogenesis have been protein-centric for decades. However, in recent years there has been a profound expansion in our knowledge of the variety and complexity of eukaryotic RNA species, particularly the non-coding RNA families.
4p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 15 0 Download
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Meiotic recombination is the foundation for genetic variation in natural and artificial populations of eukaryotes. Although genetic maps have been developed for numerous plant species since the late 1980s, few of these maps have provided the necessary resolution needed to investigate the genomic and epigenomic features underlying meiotic crossovers.
16p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 12 0 Download
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Genome duplication has played a pivotal role in the evolution of many eukaryotic lineages, including the vertebrates. A relatively recent vertebrate genome duplication is that in Xenopus laevis, which resulted from the hybridization of two closely related species about 17 million years ago.
18p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 12 0 Download
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Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) accounts for the majority of the RNA in eukaryotic cells, and is encoded by hundreds to thousands of nearly identical gene copies, only a subset of which are active at any given time. In Arabidopsis thaliana, 45S rRNA genes are found in two large ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clusters and little is known about the contribution of each to the overall transcription pattern in the species.
15p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 15 0 Download
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Crisp et al. recently reported that 145 human genes have been horizontally transferred from distant species. Here, I re-analyze those genes listed by Crisp et al. as having the highest certainty of having been horizontally transferred, as well as 17 further genes from the 2001 human genome article, and find little or no evidence to support claims of horizontal gene transfer (HGT).
5p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 5 0 Download
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The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides bacteria and archaea with molecular immunity against invading phages and conjugative plasmids. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has been used for targeted genome editing in diverse eukaryotic species.
11p viaristotle 29-01-2022 9 0 Download
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Structural variants (SVs) significantly drive genome diversity and environmental adaptation for diverse species. Unlike the prevalent small SVs (< kilobase-scale) in higher eukaryotes, large-size SVs rarely exist in the genome, but they function as one of the key evolutionary forces for speciation and adaptation.
28p viarchimedes 26-01-2022 10 0 Download
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The majority of eukaryotic promoters utilize multiple transcription start sites (TSSs). How multiple TSSs are specified at individual promoters across eukaryotes is not understood for most species. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a preinitiation complex (PIC) comprised of Pol II and conserved general transcription factors (GTFs) assembles and opens DNA upstream of TSSs.
31p viarchimedes 26-01-2022 7 0 Download
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Mollusca, a phylum of highly rich species, possess vivid shell colours, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. DNA methylation, one of the most common epigenetic modifications in eukaryotes, is believed to play a vital role in various biological processes. However, analysis of the effects of DNA methylation on shell colouration has rarely been performed in molluscs, limiting the current knowledge of the molecular mechanism of shell colour formation.
14p vilarryellison 29-10-2021 5 0 Download
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Trypanosomatids are a group of protozoan parasites that includes the etiologic agents of important human illnesses as Chagas disease, sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis. These parasites have a significant distinction from other eukaryotes concerning mRNA structure, since all mature mRNAs have an identical species-specific sequence of 39 nucleotides at the 5′ extremity, named spliced leader (SL).
15p vilarryellison 29-10-2021 14 1 Download
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High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies are increasingly applied to analyse complex microbial ecosystems by mRNA sequencing of whole communities, also known as metatranscriptome sequencing. This approach is at the moment largely limited to prokaryotic communities and communities of few eukaryotic species with sequenced genomes. For eukaryotes the analysis is hindered mainly by a low and fragmented coverage of the reference databases to infer the community composition, but also by lack of automated workflows for the task.
17p vilarryellison 29-10-2021 11 1 Download
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Cryptophytes are an ecologically important group of algae comprised of phototrophic, heterotrophic and osmotrophic species. This lineage is of great interest to evolutionary biologists because their plastids are of red algal secondary endosymbiotic origin. Cryptophytes have a clear phylogenetic affinity to heterotrophic eukaryotes and possess four genomes: host-derived nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and plastid and nucleomorph genomes of endosymbiotic origin.
14p vibeauty 23-10-2021 6 1 Download