Health care expenditures

This study was carried out in a rural commune of Thua Thien Hue province with the objectives to survey the access to health care services amongst households and to assess health financial burden from the perspective of the household. Methods: 200 representatives of households who had a member with an illness in 2008 were interviewed directly. A prepared questionnaire was used during the interview.

9p thiendiadaodien_9 04-03-2019 10 0   Download

Women’s health is inextricably linked to the context in which they live their lives. Only within the past few decades have researchers and clinicians acknowledged the importance of women’s lived experiences for their well-being. The feminist movement of the 1960s and 1970s prompted critical analysis of women’s health and its relationship to society, and of women’s health care options.

733p kimngan_1 09-11-2012 44 4   Download

It is not only that poor people are in ill-health: ill-health causes poverty. In Voices of the poor, a recent World Bank study, ill-health emerged as one of the principal reasons why households become poor and remain poor (23). Explanations are numerous: they include the burden of health care expenditures incurred by caring for sick household members (24), the lost income of the sick, and the lost income of other household members who care for the sick.

12p connhobinh 10-12-2012 38 1   Download

Lecture Health economics - Chapter 2: Health, medical care, and medical spending. This chapter presents the following content: An economic model of utility, health, and medical care, measuring health status, empirical evidence on health production, health care expenditures.

44p hihihaha8 10-04-2017 30 1   Download

This paper uses annual data for Taiwan from 1970 to 2003 to examine the factors affecting medical expenses. The results are as follows: (1) after the implementation of the National Health Insurance system, the average per capita health care spending increased significantly, by about 16%. (2) The income elasticity of health care spending is greater than 1, which means that it is a luxury good. This is in contrast with the findings of other Taiwanese studies, but supports the results in the foreign literature.

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Chapter 21 - The economics of health care. After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the trends in costs and quality of U.S. health care, compare the cost and quality of U.S. healthcare relative to other developed nations, describe the factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care,…

22p koxih_kothogmih7 29-09-2020 5 0   Download

Chapter 21 - The economics of health care. After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the trends in costs and quality of U.S. health care, compare the cost and quality of U.S. healthcare relative to other developed nations, describe the factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care,…

22p koxih_kothogmih8 29-09-2020 2 0   Download

Due to changes in cancer-related risk factors, improvements in diagnostic procedures and treatments, and the aging of the population, in most developed countries cancer accounts for an increasing proportion of health care expenditures.

11p vijennie2711 29-09-2020 0 0   Download

The Forum on Emerging Infections was created by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1996 in response to a request from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The purpose of the Forum is to provide structured opportunities for leaders from government, academia, and industry to meet and examine issues of shared concern regarding research, prevention, detection, and management of emerging or reemerging infectious diseases.

285p layon_5 29-03-2013 58 6   Download

Schoder and Zweifel Health Economics Review 2011, 1:2 http://www.healtheconomicsreview.com/content/1/1/2 RESEARCH Open Access Flat-of-the-curve medicine: a new perspective on the production of health Johannes Schoder* and Peter Zweifel Abstract Health economists have studied the determinants of the expected value of health status as a function of medical and non-medical inputs, often finding small marginal effects of the former. However, medical inputs may have an additional benefit in the form of a reduced variability of health status.

10p dauphong13 10-02-2012 64 5   Download

Most health care spending is for care provided by hospitals and physicians. Health care spending encompasses a wide variety of health-related goods and services, from hospital care and prescription drugs to dental services and medical equipment purchases. Figure 7 illustrates spending on health by type of expense in 2010. Spending on hospital care and physician services ($1,329.5 billion combined) makes up just over one-half of health care expenditures (51%). While spending on prescription drugs ($259.

39p thangbienthai 27-11-2012 40 5   Download

The military health system, as well as the private health care sector, has experienced rapid growth in pharmaceutical expenditures. In 2002 alone, the Department of Defense spent about $3 billion on outpatient pharmacy benefits. As part of an effort to redesign the TRICARE pharmacy benefit to save costs, the Department

0p xuancoem 01-02-2013 29 4   Download

In an effort to modernize Medicare insurance, the Federal government has allowed private insurers who meet strict requirements to sell private insurance to the elderly, as a substitute for 'traditional' Medicare insurance. There are many forms of private insurance now being sold to the elderly, including some managed care plan types. Managed care plans restrict the choice of physicians and hospitals to include a set selected by the insurance plan, over whom the plan has more control in terms of utilization and expenditures.

7p thankinhphanliet 01-01-2013 53 4   Download

A considerable and relatively stable share of OOP expenses is attributable to informal payments, which are a well-known phenomenon within the Hungarian health care system. Voluntary health insurance does not play a significant role at present and has only supplementary and complementary functions. Other sources of finance also contribute to total health expenditure, such as EU capital grants, which are invested mostly in human resource and health care infrastructure development.

128p nhamnhiqa 01-03-2013 40 2   Download

In the single-payer system, the recurrent expenditure on health services is funded primarily through compulsory, non-risk-related contributions made by eligible individuals or from the state budget. The central government has almost exclusive power to formulate strategic direction and to issue and enforce regulations regarding health care. In 2009 Hungary spent 7.4% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health, with public expenditure accounting for 69.

0p nhamnhiqa 01-03-2013 37 2   Download

While the nature and prevalence of defensive medical practices have been widely debated, most agree that the costs are exorbitant. In fact, some estimates report that the practice of defensive medicine costs the American health care system in excess of $100 billion dollars annually, which would account for up to 12% of all health care expenditures.

24p thangbienthai 17-11-2012 51 1   Download

The issue of health system financing has dominated the health care agenda of consecutive governments since the changeover from the communist regime. The first wave of reforms (1989–1993) transformed the system from one financed primarily through taxes to one based on compulsory health insurance. In 2009 Hungary spent 7.4% of its GDP on health, with public expenditure accounting for 69.7% of total health spending. Health spending has been unstable over the years, with several waves of increases followed by longer periods of cost-containment and budget cuts.

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The referral system is not functional, and patients often ignore secondary or tertiary care due to the high costs involved. Stock- outs of drugs and supplies and inadequate HRH availability impact service delivery. Lack of financial and human resources adversely impacts regulation and quality control. Many services, including those related to HIV and tuberculosis (TB), are not well integrated into the general health delivery system and continue to be provided vertically.

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A similar sampling technique – based on district and provincial population size – was used for surveys of providers: employers, health care facilities, traditional healers, NGOs, and pharmacies. Due to the size of each province and district, random selection was used. Donors and insurance company surveys were implemented only in Lusaka.

81p quynho77 10-11-2012 26 0   Download

High medicines prices, low affordability and poor availability are key impediments to access to treatment in many low- and middle-income countries (1–9). Certainly, in those countries where the majority of the population still buys its medicines through out-of-pocket payments, the high cost of medicines (relative to the household budget) means that an illness in the family exposes that family to the risk of catastrophic expenditure. Too often the choice is made to go without.

0p quaivatdo 14-11-2012 36 0   Download