Health risks above

Recent research shows that nicotine dependence conveys additional health risks above and beyond smoking behavior. The current study examines whether smoking within 5 min of waking, an indicator of nicotine dependence, is independently associated with asthma outcomes.

6p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 11 2   Download

In water ,antimony has no flavor, scent, or shade .it may best detected by chemical take a look at .quick – time period exposure (over days or perhaps weeks) to antimony in drinking water at very high concentration (above 30 mg/l) can cause nausea , vomiting and diarrhea. In this study, we focus on the relationship of storage temperature and duration on level release of antimony (Sb) from of plastic drinking water bottles produced in Iraq( seven provinces).

7p quenchua6 15-06-2020 17 3   Download

The World Health Organization recommends high-dose vitamin A supplementation (VAS) for children above six months of age in low-income countries. VAS has been associated with up-regulation of the Th2 response. We aimed to determine if VAS is associated with atopy in childhood.

4p vinatri2711 29-02-2020 10 0   Download

Microorganisms play important roles in the recycling of agricultural wastes. Composting is the degradation of organic materials through the activities of diverse microorganisms. The compost generated by bioconversion of agro-residues offers several benefits such as enhanced soil fertility and soil health which can lead to increased agricultural productivity, improved soil biodiversity, reduced ecological risks and a healthier environment. This investigation examined the microbial community dynamics, loads and identification of microbiota at various stages of composting process.

11p chauchaungayxua3 07-02-2020 20 1   Download

The aims of this study were to provide life expectancy (LE) estimates of cancer patients at diagnosis and LE changes over time since diagnosis to describe the impact of cancer during patients’ entire lives. Cancer patients’ LE was calculated by standard period life table methodology using the relative survival of Italian patients diagnosed in population-based cancer registries in 1985–2011 with follow-up to 2013.

7p trinhthamhodang1 14-11-2019 13 0   Download

creative and thoughtful new approaches, as indicated above. Their analyses, however, have not been guided by theory or statistical and ethical principles, and have not taken account of extensive research on these issues and development of new methods that has taken place in the last two decades. Government and academic statisticians, largely outside of public health, have developed a variety of “perturbation” methods such as “data swapping” and “controlled rounding” that can limit disclosure risk while maximizing...

0p anhnangmuahe2013 15-03-2013 55 2   Download

Despite the standard definitions noted above, accurate identification of the causes of maternal deaths is not always possible. It can be a challenge for medical certifiers to attribute correctly cause of death to direct or indirect maternal causes, or to accidental or incidental events, particularly in settings where deliveries mostly occur at home. While several countries apply the ICD-10 in civil registration systems, the identification and classification of causes of death during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium remain inconsistent across countries.

71p nhamnhiqa 01-03-2013 74 2   Download

In the single-payer system, the recurrent expenditure on health services is funded primarily through compulsory, non-risk-related contributions made by eligible individuals or from the state budget. The central government has almost exclusive power to formulate strategic direction and to issue and enforce regulations regarding health care. In 2009 Hungary spent 7.4% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health, with public expenditure accounting for 69.

0p nhamnhiqa 01-03-2013 52 2   Download

Particles, as noted above, can provide an exposure pathway for SVOCs, but they also can present a serious health risk on their own. They range in size from very small (0.001 μm to 10 μm), which can remain in the air for a long time, up to relatively large (100 μm), which quickly settle out of calm air. Inhaling particulates can cause eye, nose, and throat irritation and can increase the risk for respiratory infections. Health care professionals are especially concerned about the long-term effects of inhaling ultrafine particles (less than 2.

24p doipassword 01-02-2013 48 3   Download

Unlike the studies described above, the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS), led by the National Eye Institute and cosponsored by other components of NIH, including NCCAM, found a beneficial effect of antioxidant supplements. This study showed that a combination of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene) and zinc reduced the risk of developing the advanced stage of age-related macular degeneration by 25 percent in people who had the intermediate stage of this disease or who had the advanced stage in only one eye.

16p taisaokhongthedung 09-01-2013 39 2   Download

This potential disparity in availability of private insurance between regions and crops is sometimes cited as a reason for government intervention (U.S. GAO, 1980; Appel, Lord, and Harrington, 1999), but here again, crop insurance is not unique. Many risk management tools used by farmers are available only in certain regions. For example, cash forward contracting is widely available for corn and soybean producers in the Midwest, although the same is not necessarily true for producers in regions where basis risk is high.

18p quaivatxanh 29-11-2012 49 5   Download

Insurers anticipate this adverse job turnover dynamic. Nevertheless, insurers are expected to renew policies and may be reluctant or prohibited from increasing premiums rapidly. As a result, offered premiums for covering a previously uninsured firm are well above the initial expected costs for the firm’s worker’s current age and gender distributions. Such large premium loadings deter small firms from offering health insurance to their workers. A dynamic adverse selection problem emerges.

20p quaivatxanh 29-11-2012 60 7   Download

In addition to the risk mitigation efforts discussed above, there is also the need for some sort of „rating agency‟ or standard setter to „approve‟ green projects (such as green bonds or green funds) to ensure that funds are used for green investments (and there is a common definition of „green‟) and that insurance and guarantees can therefore be reliably offered.

49p quaivatdo 19-11-2012 52 4   Download

The Overseas Development Institute has also looked at such risk mitigation mechanisms. 23 In addition to the above, they highlight the use of pledge funds, whereby by public finance sponsors provide a small amount of equity to encourage larger pledges from private investors 24 .

42p quaivatdo 19-11-2012 48 3   Download

everal advantageous effects of vitamin C on human health have been stressed, such as the relationship between high plasma vitamin C concentration and reduced gastric cancer risk found in EPIC study (Jenab et al., 2006). Besides the antioxidant activity of vitamin C, which may explain its protective role against gastric cancer risk, several other activities could play a role, such as its ability to modulate cell growth kinetics and its putative antimicrobial activity, for example against Helicobacter pylori, a bacteria responsible for chronic ulcer and even stomach cancer.

306p wqwqwqwqwq 23-07-2012 53 6   Download