Immunologic failure

To evaluate the efficiency and safety of tenofovir + lamivudine + lopinavir/ritonavir regimen in HIV/AIDS patients with first-line treatment failure. Subjects and methods: Retrospective and prospective cohort studies on 55 patients with virological failure of first-line regimens (ZDV + 3TC + NVP or ZDV + 3TC + EFV), switched to TDF +3TC + LPV/r at Viet Tiep Hospital from June 2012 to June 2019.

6p visamoa2711 12-01-2021 13 2   Download

In developing countries, Tuberculosis is the commonest coinfection to occur in HIV positive patients and is supposed to impact the treatment outcome in patients on antiretroviral therapy. This prospective study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, PGIMS Rohtak to study the effect of coinfection with TB on Virological Failure in patients on first line of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. A total of 50 patients on first line of HAART and suffering from Immunological Failure were chosen and were evaluated for Tuberculosis.

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Treatment failure and delay in switching to second line regimen are major concerns in the treatment of HIV infected children in a resource limited setting. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen failure, reasons and time taken to switch to second line antiretroviral (ARV) medications after treatment failure among HIV-infected children.

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Inflammation can be broadly understood as a successive immune response of an organism’s immune system towards nonnative or foreign antigens. This is a protective mechanism of the immune system, mediated by diverse immunological cells, to ensure homeostasis of an individual.

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(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document The immune system presents the following contents: Preventing infection at mucosal surfaces, immunological memory and vaccination, coevolution of innate and adaptive immunity, failures of the body’s defenses, transplantation of tissues and organs, disruption of healthy tissue by the adaptive immune response, cancer and its interactions with the immune system.

336p thangnamvoiva3 28-06-2016 42 3   Download

The book Renal Failure – The Facts consists of some facts about diagnosis, etiopathogenis and treatment of acute and chronic renal failure. Acute, as well as chronic renal failure is great medical problems and their treatment is a burden for the budget of each government. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously termed acute renal failure, is a frequent clinical condition in critically ill patients especially, in intensive care units (ICU). Its incidence varies from 1-7 % of all hospitalized patients to 30-50 % of patients in ICU....

282p wqwqwqwqwq 09-07-2012 69 8   Download

Nonimmunologic Mechanisms Nonimmunologic mechanisms that protect against pneumonia include filtration of air as it passes through the nasopharynx, the glottal reflex, laryngeal closure, the cough reflex, clearance of organisms from the lower airways by ciliated cells, and ingestion by pulmonary macrophages and PMNs of small bacterial inocula that manage to reach alveolar spaces. Respiratory virus infection, chronic pulmonary disease, or heart failure compromises these mechanisms, predisposing to the development of pneumococcal pneumonia.

5p colgate_colgate 21-12-2010 68 2   Download

Graft Failure While complete and sustained engraftment is usually seen posttransplant, occasionally marrow function either does not return or, after a brief period of engraftment, is lost. Graft failure after autologous transplantation can be the result of inadequate numbers of stem cells being transplanted, damage during ex vivo treatment or storage, or exposure of the patient to myelotoxic agents posttransplant. Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human herpes virus type 6 have also been associated with loss of marrow function.

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The kidneys comprise only 0.5% of body weight, yet they receive 25% of the cardiac output. Drugs that affect renal function have important roles in cardiac failure and hypertension. Disease of the kidney must be taken into account when prescribing drugs that are eliminated by it. Diuretic drugs: their sites and modes of action, classification, adverse effects and uses in cardiac, hepatic, renal and other conditions. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Cation-exchange resins and their uses. Alteration of urine pH Drugs and the kidney. Adverse effects.

19p bigbaby87 03-09-2010 96 12   Download