Ionic equations

Ebook "Schaum's outline of Theory and problems of Beginning chemistry (Third edition)" is designed to help students do well in their first chemistry course, especially those who have little or no chemistry background. It can be used effectively in a course preparatory to a general college chemistry course as well as in a course in chemistry for liberal arts students. It should also provide additional assistance to students in the first semester of a chemistry course for nurses and others in the allied health fields.

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Lecture Basic chemistry: A Foundation - Chapter 7. After studying this section will help you understand: reactions in aqueous solutions; sodium reacting with water; predicting whether a reaction will occur; precipitation reactions; dissociation; process for predicting the products of a precipitation reaction,...

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Lecture General Chemistry 2 - Chapter 19: Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems. After studying this section will help you understand: acid-base buffers, buffers and the common-ion effect, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, buffer capacity, preparing a buffer,...

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Nitrophenols (such as o-nitrophenol (ONP), p-nitrophenol (PNP), and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)) are priority environmental pollutants. Their toxicity is pH dependent, and these molecular species of nitrophenols exhibit higher toxicity than their anionic counterparts. Herein, for the first time, a method for the in situ measurement of nitrophenols in acidic industrial wastewater was developed using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with lignocellulose hazelnut shell-derived activated carbons (HSACs) as the binding agents. Nylon membranes (0.1 lm rated) with diffusion coefficients of (2.

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The paper deals with the Debye-Huckel equations for determination of activity coefficients of ions in the salt mediums of various ionic strengths. The empirical and proposed by the authors have been used. The arbitrary parameters have been defined by non-linear regression algorithm. Based on the least squares and variance between calculated and experimental data, the best regression equations were found. All programs were written by PASCAL language.

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The statistical check of Davies’s equations for calculation of ionic activity coefficients were realized by the comparison of experimental ionic activity coefficients values with those caculated using Davies’s equations. Obtained results showed that at I 0.5 for 55% examined cases the difference in the experimental values of lgfi with those calculated from Davies’s equations with parameters 0.2 and 0.3 is negligible (with the 0.01 level of significance). At I > 0.

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