Measurement of force requirement

Ebook "Mechanical properties of polymers measured through AFM force-distance curves" is a practical guide for scientists and students dealing with the measurement of mechanical properties of polymers at the nanoscale through AFM force-distance curves. The book also introduces to new approaches and measurement techniques, like creep compliance and force modulation measurements, pointing out approximations, limitations and issues requiring further confirmation.

243p lamquandat 28-12-2023 7 3   Download

Ebook Mechanical engineers’ handbook - Volume 1: Materials and Engineering Mechanics (Fourth Edition) – Part 2 includes contents: Chapter 16 stress analysis; chapter 17 force measurement; chapter 18 resistive strain measurement devices; chapter 19 an introduction to the finite-element method; chapter 20 failure models: performance and service requirements for metals; chapter 21 failure analysis of plastics; chapter 22 failure modes: performance and service requirements for ceramics; chapter 23 viscosity measurement; chapter 24 tribology measurements; chapter 25 vibration and shock; chapter ...

474p haojiubujain03 09-08-2023 3 2   Download

The current study sought to determine: If there is a correlation between conventional measures of lung function such as Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) and less conventional measures such as airways expired NO level (eNO), electrodermal measures, TCM enquiry and BHT; If any of the lung function measures are able to distinguish between asthmatic and healthy subjects; If the use of a rye grass extract is better than placebo in improving requirements for bronchodilator medication, peak flow, forced expiratory volume in one second or quality of life in mild to moderate childhood a...

262p runthenight05 01-03-2023 5 4   Download

In this paper, the measurement of the mechanical parameters like force requirement, hand cranking capabilities, length of cutting & moisture content of different fodders are reported. Force requirement was increased gradually due to the presence of high moisture content of fodders and large size diameter of fodders. Hand cranking capabilities at load conditions gradually decreased compare to at no-load conditions.

6p chauchaungayxua10 18-03-2021 15 2   Download

A study was under taken to investigate the effect of blade type, cutting velocity and cross sectional area of stalks on cutting energy and cutting force required for cutting of black gram stalks. A laboratory test rig consisting of a pendulum type impact tester was designed and developed to measure the cutting energy. The bundled black gram stalks were fitted firmly in the stalk holder to simulate natural stand of stalk in the field. Two types of blades viz., smooth edge and serrated types were used for the present study.

10p nguaconbaynhay7 15-08-2020 15 1   Download

Physical properties of cotton bolls play a very important role in designing a cotton picker or cotton harvester. The various physical properties of cotton bolls viz., weight, size, volume, density, moisture content and force required to pick cotton bolls from plants were measured.

6p nguaconbaynhay7 15-08-2020 13 1   Download

Paddy straw is one of the major agriculture waste produced in India. Burning of paddy straw is one of the easy options for farmers due to its difficult handling which produces environmental problem generating greenhouse gases. Size reduction of paddy straw is necessary for almost it’s every possible utilization for biofuel production. Torrefaction mainly used to process lignocellulosic biomass that makes them easily cut, chop or grind. Torrefaction was carried out at 250°C for 20 and 30 minutes and compared its effect on energy requirement for size reduction with that of raw paddy straw.

12p nguaconbaynhay3 07-02-2020 12 0   Download

It is important to find the cutting force required to cut the crop stalk in designing a harvester for finger millet. The selection of power source and optimization of pertinent machine parameters are very important design considerations. Therefore, a laboratory setup was required to measure the mechanical strength involved and the influence of attributing parameters in cutting the crop.

7p quenchua2 15-12-2019 9 0   Download

The application of emulsion for combined heat extraction and lubrication requires continuous monitoring of the quality of emulsion to sustain a desired grinding environment; this is applicable to other grinding fluids as well. Thus to sustain a controlled grinding environment, it is necessary to adopt an effectively lubricated wheel-work interface.

10p kequaidan1 16-11-2019 51 1   Download

There have been relatively few studies involving the measurement of root force (F, in Equation (1)) because of the experimental difficulties. Root force must be measured after the root has penetrated the surface of the soil to a depth of several times its diameter (since root penetration resistance is initially lower because the surface of the surrounding soil is displaced upwards; Gill, 1968), but before root hairs anchor the tip (Stolzy & Barley, 1968; Ennos, 1989). To calculate the root penetration resistance requires measurement...

229p loixinloi 08-05-2013 59 5   Download

A comparison of ME with manufacturing discloses structural discrepancies that are typical. Wages and productivity are higher than for the average of all of manufacturing. This can be attributed to the need for a highly qualified labour force. For example, engineers are needed for the design of complex products and manufacturing processes that, due to the predominance of single and small batch production, qualified machine operators and workers are equally required. Manufacturing depth, as measured by the share of value added of total production, is higher for ME.

61p loixinloi 08-05-2013 37 5   Download

In everyday life we are often forced to make decisions involving risks and perceived opportunities. The consequences of our decisions are affected by the outcomes of random variables that are to various degrees beyond our control. Such decision problems arise, for instance, in financial and insurance markets.

350p namde02 08-03-2013 80 24   Download

With the advent of the atomic force microscope (AFM) came an extremely valuable analytical resource and technique, useful for the qualitative and quantitative surface analysis with sub-nanometer resolution. In addition, samples studied with an AFM do not require any special pretreatments that may alter or damage the sample, and permit a three dimensional investigation of the surface.

268p qsczaxewd 22-09-2012 49 10   Download

THE SUCCESSFUL EMPLOYMENT OF METALS in engineering applications relies on the ability of the metal to meet design and service requirements and to be fabricated to the proper dimensions. The capability of a metal to meet these requirements is determined by the mechanical and physical properties of the metal. Physical properties are those typically measured by methods not requiring the application of an external mechanical force (or load).

40p lyacau 29-12-2009 124 7   Download