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Multicellular organisms
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Ebook "Systems biology of apoptosis" summarizes all current achievements in this emerging field. Apoptosis is a process common to all multicellular organisms. Apoptosis leads to the elimination of cells via a complex but highly defined cellular programme. Defects in the regulation of apoptosis result in serious diseases such as cancer, autoimmunity, AIDS and neurodegeneration. Recently, a substantial step forward in understanding the complex apoptotic pathways has been made by utilising systems biology approaches.
211p
ladongphongthanh1008
22-04-2024
4
2
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Ebook "Self and nonself" focuses on the origin of the immune response during the development of multicellularity (Chapters 1-4). Bacteria have developed defense systems against viruses and conversely, viruses have devised escape mechanisms that allow infection. Most of the archaea and numerous bacteria possess an elaborate system of adaptive immunity known as the CRISPR-Cas, that confers resistance to mobile genetic elements.
338p
tracanhphuonghoa1007
22-04-2024
1
1
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Inter-tissue molecular interactions are critical to the function and behavior of biological systems in multicellular organisms, but systematic studies of interactions between tissues are lacking. Also, existing studies of inter-tissue interactions are based on direct gene expression correlations, which can’t distinguish correlations due to common genetic architectures versus biochemical or molecular signal exchange between tissues.
15p
vioraclene
31-03-2024
7
2
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A dynamic single cell-based framework for digital twins to prioritize disease genes and drug targets
Medical digital twins are computational disease models for drug discovery and treatment. Unresolved problems include how to organize and prioritize between disease-associated changes in digital twins, on cellulomeand genome-wide scales. We present a dynamic framework that can be used to model such changes and thereby prioritize upstream regulators (URs) for biomarker- and drug discovery.
21p
viellison
28-03-2024
4
2
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered the most malignant and devastating intracranial tumor without effective treatment. Autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis, three classically known cell death pathways, can provide novel clinical and immunological insights, which may assist in designing personalized therapeutics.
21p
vikolindagrabar
27-07-2022
7
1
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Recent technical improvements in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have enabled massively parallel profiling of transcriptomes, thereby promoting large-scale studies encompassing a wide range of cell types of multicellular organisms.
23p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
10
1
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N-acetyltransferase 13 (NAT13) is a probable catalytic component of the ARD1A-NARG1 complex possessing alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity. Results: In this study, a full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding Schistosoma japonicum NAT13 (SjNAT13) was isolated from schistosome cDNAs. The 621bp open reading frame of SjNAT13 encodes a polypeptide of 206 amino acids.
11p
vidarwin
22-02-2022
16
1
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Genome-wide mapping of transcriptional enhancer candidates using DNA and chromatin features in maize
While most cells in multicellular organisms carry the same genetic information, in each cell type only a subset of genes is being transcribed. Such differentiation in gene expression depends, for a large part, on the activation and repression of regulatory sequences, including transcriptional enhancers.
24p
vialfrednobel
29-01-2022
11
0
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Drosophila melanogaster has one of best-described transcriptomes of any multicellular organism. Nevertheless, the paucity of 3′-sequencing data in this species precludes comprehensive assessment of alternative polyadenylation (APA), which is subject to broad tissue-specific control.
22p
vialfrednobel
29-01-2022
6
0
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Alternative splicing (AS) is a widespread regulatory mechanism in multicellular organisms. Numerous transcriptomic and single-gene studies in plants have investigated AS in response to specific conditions, especially environmental stress, unveiling substantial amounts of intron retention that modulate gene expression.
26p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
10
0
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The evolution of multicellularity is a critical event that remains incompletely understood. We use the social amoeba, Dictyostelium discoideum, one of the rare organisms that readily transits back and forth between both unicellular and multicellular stages, to examine the role of epigenetics in regulating multicellularity.
30p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
11
0
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Stable gene repression is essential for normal growth and development. Polycomb repressive complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1&2) are involved in this process by establishing monoubiquitination of histone 2A (H2Aub1) and subsequent trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3).
19p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
8
0
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Using chemicals known as inhibitors of chromatin remodeling enzymes is a useful approach in understanding the regulation machinery that contributes to the maintenance of or conversion to a pluri- and totipotent states of the cells in multicellular organisms. They can serve as tools to reveal the molecular and cellular mechanisms required for reprogramming. A deeper understanding of reprogramming pathways that drive the cell into a dedifferentiated state might help us enhance plant micropropagation and green biotechnology applications.
9p
tudichquannguyet
29-11-2021
9
1
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Reprogramming histone modification patterns to coordinate gene expression in early zebrafish embryos
Multicellular organisms require precise gene regulation during ontogeny, and epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, facilitate this precise regulation. The conservative reprogramming patterns of DNA methylation in vertebrates have been well described.
13p
visilicon2711
20-08-2021
8
1
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Hormones are chemical communication signaling molecules released into the body fluids to stimulate target cells of multicellular organisms. We recently showed that histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) plays an important role in juvenile hormone (JH) suppression of metamorphosis in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.
14p
vijeeni2711
24-07-2021
9
0
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As an important epigenetic mark, 5-methylcytosine (5mC) methylation is involved in many DNAdependent biological processes and plays a role during development and differentiation of multicellular organisms.
18p
vijeeni2711
24-07-2021
10
0
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Amoebozoa is a eukaryotic supergroup composed of unicellular and multicellular amoebic protozoa (e.g. Acanthamoeba, Dictyostelium, and Entamoeba). They are model organisms for studies in cellular and evolutionary biology and are of medical and veterinary importance.
8p
vijeeni2711
30-06-2021
11
1
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Multicellular organisms adopt various strategies to tailor gene expression to cellular contexts including the employment of multiple promoters (and the associated transcription start sites (TSSs)) at a single locus that encodes distinct gene isoforms.
28p
vijeeni2711
30-06-2021
10
1
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Adaptation of codon and amino acid use for translational functions in highly expressed cricket genes
For multicellular organisms, much remains unknown about the dynamics of synonymous codon and amino acid use in highly expressed genes, including whether their use varies with expression in different tissue types and sexes.
21p
vilichoo2711
23-06-2021
7
1
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RNA interference (RNAi) regulates gene expression in most multicellular organisms through binding of small RNA effectors to target transcripts. Exploiting this process is a popular strategy for genetic manipulation and has applications that includes arthropod pest control.
11p
vilichoo2711
25-06-2021
10
1
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