Nuclear genome encodes
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ATPase family AAA-domain containing protein 3A (ATAD3A) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial membrane-anchored protein involved in diverse processes including mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial DNA organization, and cholesterol metabolism.
21p vibransone 28-03-2024 4 2 Download
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CRISPR is widely used to disrupt gene function by inducing small insertions and deletions. Here, we show that some single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) can induce exon skipping or large genomic deletions that delete exons. For example, CRISPR-mediated editing of β-catenin exon 3, which encodes an autoinhibitory domain, induces partial skipping of the in-frame exon and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin.
8p vialfrednobel 29-01-2022 9 0 Download
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Compared to proteins, glycans, and lipids, much less is known about RNAs on the cell surface. We develop a series of technologies to test for any nuclearencoded RNAs that are stably attached to the cell surface and exposed to the extracellular space, hereafter called membrane-associated extracellular RNAs (maxRNAs).
23p viarchimedes 26-01-2022 13 0 Download
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Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is very important in hybrid breeding. The restorer-of-fertility (Rf) nuclear genes rescue the sterile phenotype. Most of the Rf genes encode pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins.
14p vijeeni2711 30-06-2021 11 1 Download
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Mutations in the mitochondrial genome have been implicated in mitochondrial disease, often characterized by impaired cellular energy metabolism. Cellular energy metabolism in mitochondria involves mitochondrial proteins (MP) from both the nuclear (NuMP) and mitochondrial (MtMP) genomes.
17p vijeeni2711 30-06-2021 15 1 Download
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Chloroplasts play an important role in plant growth and development. The chloroplast genome contains approximately twenty group II introns that are spliced due to proteins encoded by nuclear genes. CAF2 is one of these splicing factors that has been shown to splice group IIB introns in maize and Arabidopsis thaliana.
11p vijichea2711 28-05-2021 19 1 Download
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Gynodioecious species exist in two sexes – male-sterile females and hermaphrodites. Male sterility in higher plants often results from mitonuclear interaction between the CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility) gene(s) encoded by mitochondrial genome and by nuclear-encoded restorer genes.
15p viharuno2711 21-04-2020 16 1 Download
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Chloroplasts are essential organelles of plant cells for not only being the energy factory but also making plant cells adaptable to different environmental stimuli. The nuclear genome encodes most of the chloroplast proteins, among which a large percentage of membrane proteins have yet to be functionally characterized.
12p viuchiha2711 21-04-2020 5 1 Download
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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1, genome encodes a highly conserved regulatory gene product, Vpr (96 amino acids), which is incorporated into virions in quantities equivalent to those of the viral Gag protein. In infected cells, Vpr is believed to function during the early stages of HIV-1 replication (such as transcription of the proviral genome and migration of preintegration nuclear complex), blocks cells in G2 phase and triggers apoptosis.
10p system191 01-06-2013 42 3 Download
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Wehave identifiedanovelmammaliangene, termednicolin1 gene (NICN1), that is present in human, dog and mouse, whereas it is absent from the available genome sequences of nonmammalian organisms. TheNICN1gene consists of six exons and spans about 6 kb of genomic DNA. It encodes a 213 amino acid protein that does not belong to any known protein family. Experiments using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-taggednicolin1 fusionproteins indicate that nicolin1 is a nuclear protein.
6p tumor12 22-04-2013 47 1 Download
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The oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PS II) complex of red algae contains four extrinsic proteins of 12 kDa, 20 kDa, 33 kDa and cytc-550, among which the 20 kDa protein is unique in that it is not found in other organisms.We cloned the gene for the 20-kDa protein from a red algaCyanidium caldarium. The gene consists of a leader sequence which can be divided into two parts: one for transfer across the plastid envelope and the other for transfer into thylakoid lumen, indicating that the gene is encoded by the nuclear genome....
8p tumor12 20-04-2013 45 2 Download
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The effects of physiologically relevant hypoxia on the catalytic activity of cytochromecoxidase (CytOX), mito-chondrial gene expression, and both nuclear and mito-chondrial encoded CytOX mRNA levels were investigated in murine monocyte macrophages, mouse C2C12 skeletal myocytes and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Our results suggest a coordinated down regulation of mito-chondrial genome-coded CytOX I and II and nuclear genome-codedCytOX IV andVbmRNAs during hypoxia.
9p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 2 Download
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Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex and highly regulated process that requires the controlled expression of hundreds of genes encoded in two separated genomes, namely the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. To identify regulatory proteins involved in the transcriptional control of key nuc-lear-encoded mitochondrial genes, we have performed a detailed analysis of the promoter region of theasubunit of the Drosophila melanogasterF1F0 ATP synthase complex.
11p awards 05-04-2013 37 3 Download
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The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene CSM1(SPO86, YCR086w) encodes a protein involved in sporulation - a process equivalent to gametogenesis in higher organisms. Sporulation is part of the yeast life cycle, tightly coupled to such processes as mitosis and meiosis, cell cycle control, genome stability, nutritional control, cell wall morphogenesis, or and intracellular transport.
26p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 37 3 Download
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Complex IV is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In humans, biogenesis of complex IV involves the coordinated assembly of 13 subunits encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. The early stages of complex IV assembly involving mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits CO1 and CO2 have been well studied.
13p viettel02 20-02-2013 29 2 Download