Pain categories

There is no consensus on best content, set-up, category of involved healthcare professionals or duration of rehabilitation-programs for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, and outcomes show varying results. Individual care regimes for sub-groups of patients have been proposed.

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In Germany and other European countries, many occupations still involve manual handling of loads (MHL), an activity that puts the musculoskeletal system at risk of low back pain (LBP). This study aims to describe the current prevalence of MHL in different occupational groups stratified by gender in Germany, the association between MHL and LBP and the adjusted prevalence of LBP in different respond-categories of MHL.

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Elbow osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling condition because of pain and loss of motion. Open and arthroscopic debridement are the preferred treatment, however there is no consensus on which treatment modality is suited to which category of patient or stage of disease.

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The Keele stratified care model for management of low back pain comprises use of the prognostic STarT Back Screening Tool to allocate patients into one of three risk-defined categories leading to associated risk-specific treatment pathways, such that high-risk patients receive enhanced treatment and more sessions than medium- and low-risk patients.

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Pain is the principal clinical symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), and development of safe and effective analgesics for OA pain is needed. Drug development of new analgesics for OA pain is impaired by substantial change in pain in patients receiving placebo, and more data describing clinical characteristics and pain categories particularly associated with this phenomenon is needed.

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The overriding conclusion of the Merrill Research & Associates (2003) tracking study is that the U.S. wine industry now stands at a crossroads. For the first time in thirty years, a new generation of young adults gives evidence of a strong preference for wine as part of their lifestyles. Many of them are entering the category as core wine drinkers. With their significant age-group numbers and their adoption of wine in their mid-twenties, they are a leading indicator of great potential as their cohorts likewise reach adulthood.

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Urological cancer MDTs should assign a risk category (see table A) to all newly diagnosed men with localised prostate cancer. Men with localised prostate cancer who have chosen a watchful waiting regimen and who have evidence of significant disease progression (that is, rapidly rising PSA level or bone pain) should be reviewed by a member of the urological cancer MDT. Men with low-risk localised prostate cancer (see table A) who are considered suitable for radi- cal treatment should first be offered active surveillance.

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Although dyspnea is a common symptom, there has been only limited investigation of its prognostic significance among patients referred for cardiac evaluation. methods We studied 17,991 patients undergoing myocardial-perfusion single-photon-emission computed tomography during stress and at rest. Patients were divided into five categories on the basis of symptoms at presentation (none, nonanginal chest pain, atypical angina, typical angina, and dyspnea).

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Positive and Negative Symptoms Abnormal sensory symptoms may be divided into two categories, positive and negative. The prototypical positive symptom is tingling (pins-and-needles); other positive sensory phenomena include altered sensations that are described as pricking, bandlike, lightning-like shooting feelings (lancinations), aching, knifelike, twisting, drawing, pulling, tightening, burning, searing, electrical, or raw feelings. Such symptoms are often painful.

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Harrison's Internal Medicine Chapter 25. Numbness, Tingling, and Sensory Loss Numbness, Tingling, and Sensory Loss: Introduction Normal somatic sensation reflects a continuous monitoring process, little of which reaches consciousness under ordinary conditions. By contrast, disordered sensation, particularly when experienced as painful, is alarming and dominates the sufferer's attention. Physicians should be able to recognize abnormal sensations by how they are described, know their type and likely site of origin, and understand their implications. Pain is considered separately in Chap.

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