Pollution of nitrate

Ebook "The chemistry of acid rain: Sources and atmospheric processes" is to describe recent advances in the understanding of the sources and chemistry of acidic species in the atmosphere. Rates of reactions important in the formation of acids, sulfates, and nitrates have been measured. Huge amounts of reliable field data have been accumulated. Models have been developed and are being tested against bodies of field data.

333p coduathanh1122 27-03-2024 5 1   Download

The nutrient pollution index showed moderate to very high pollution while the waterbodies will pose very high non-carcinogenic health risks to users via the oral pathway. Overall, the waterbodies are at risk of eutrophication and efforts should be put in place to reduce anthropogenic activities around the area and thus input of nutrients in these water bodies.

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Within the scope of the European Union Water Framework Directive, diatom assemblages as biological quality components were used to evaluate the ecological status of 12 surface waters in the Araban-Yavuzeli catchment between October 2013 and October 2014. A total of 75 diatom species were identified during the study period. Amphora ovalis, Denticula elegans, Gomphonema parvulum, Gomphonema truncatum, and Navicula cryptocephala were commonly observed.

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Organic pollution, nutrient increase and eutrophication of aquatic environment are common problems in the world in general and Vietnam in particular. Phytoremediation is one of the most priority means to improve the surface water quality because of the friendly environment, low cost and high efficiency.

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Soil and water pollution due to nitrate are becoming increasingly serious worldwide. The government also put forward relevant governance policies, and a large number of scholars studied chemical physics and other methods to remove nitrate in water, but the cost was substantial.

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Nano-adsorbents have gained special attention in water pollution mitigation in India since last decade. Two vital properties make nanoparticles highly lucrative as adsorbents. On a mass basis, nano-particles have much larger surface areas compared to macro particles. They can also be enhanced with various reactor groups to increase their chemical affinity towards target compounds. Nano-adsorption techniques are now widely used to remove cations, natural organic matter, biological contaminants, inorganic pollutants, nitrates and arsenic from groundwater, surface water and industrial effluents.

5p cothumenhmong9 04-01-2021 17 1   Download

N fertilizers and high yielding varieties were major drivers of the enormous increase in rice productivity during the past 50 years. Despite increasing food production higher nitrogen use also contributed in environmental pollution and Increasing consciousness of conservation of environment and mitigation of climate change brought a major shift in cultivation practices of major crops towards organic agriculture. An important issue regarding the acceptance of organic agriculture is the question of productivity.

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Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is very important for reducing the cost of production, sustainable agriculture and mitigates the environment pollution. It is more so in case of major cereals like wheat, where the NUE is approximately 40%. NUE comprises of Nuptake by the root and then their assimilation, utilization, remobilization by the shoot. However, utilization primarily dependent on available resources, i.e. amount of N-uptaken by the root system.

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In Nigeria, crude oil pollution challenge of the terrestrial environment is very prevalent. Soil fungi play very important role in the degradation of organic materials, as well as agents of the biogeochemical cycles. Fungi have an advantage over bacteria due to their production of hyphae that can penetrate contaminated soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioremediation potential of two fungal species: Aspergillus clavatus and Pichia spp.

12p kequaidan2 11-12-2019 15 0   Download

The performance of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSFCW) for sewage effluent treatment was studied in an eight month experiment under different operational conditions including: vegetation (the presence or absence of common reeds ‘‘Phragmites australis”), media type (gravel or vermiculite), and mode of sewage feeding (continuous or batch). Plants had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the removal efficiency and mass removal rate of all pollutants, except phosphorous.

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This study was focused on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Acalypha hispida leaf extract and the characterization of the particles using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR, and TEM. The results showed the formation of silver nanoparticles, crystalline in nature, with an average size of 20–50 nm. The leaf extract components were analyzed with GC–MS and exhibited a high content of Phytol (40.52%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (9.67%), 1,2,3-Benzenetriol (7.04%), a-D-Mannofuranoside methyl (6.22%), and D-Allose (4.45%).

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The quality of river water is influenced by two factors: nature and man. The aims of this paper are to determine the influence of anthropogenic sources of pollution on water quality, by assessing integrated measurements from use of the Pollution Index (PI) of Indonesia and diverse statistical techniques, including one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ArcGIS.

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Based on these results, it was suggested that the nitrate vertical leaching had a greater pollution potential to water body than the lateral leaching during the wheat growth period in the fields.

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In this study, the sol-gel synthesis method was employed for the preparation of silver-doped TiO2 nanomaterial from potassium fluorotitanate and silver nitrate. The silver can be incorporated by direct calcination of the sol-gel material decomposing silver nitrate to silver. The visible light absorption ability of Ag- TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated by means of UV-Vis measurement.

5p giesumanh 10-11-2018 40 1   Download

Wastewater with low pollution concentrations are common in cities of the developing countries also in Vietnam because sewer network for wastewater is not yet construction that rely on combined sewer network. The results of the decomposition of organic matter partly in combined sewer network significantly reduced levels of BOD, while reducing nitrogen only a small part. The imbalance of BOD, nitrogen ratio is a challenge for treatment of wastewater - especially to ensure the nitrogen meets requirements.

8p namthangtinhlang_03 10-11-2015 26 3   Download

Tham khảo sách 'a-z of the environment : covering the scientific, economic and legal issues facing all types of organisation', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ môi trường phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả

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The assessment, presented as ministers met in Amsterdam to discuss greening transport, points out a series of flaws in the tests. First, various equipment that increases vehicle weight, thereby adding to emissions, is not included. Growing use of seat heaters, air conditioning and the like could be adding an extra 16 to 28 grams per kilometer (g/km) to new car CO2 emissions, the agency says.

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The efficiency of fertilizer used for maize production in the major maize producing states (Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Minnesota, and Nebraska) in the Mississippi River Basin increased between 1986 and 2000. Maize yields have increased about 20% from 1986 to 2000, while N fertilizer use has remained roughly constant. Between 1976 and 1986, an average of 0.023 kgN of fertilizer was applied for each kg of maize harvested. Between 1996 and 2000, an average of 0.018 kgN of fertilizer was applied per kg of maize harvested.

7p tainhacmienphi 19-02-2013 43 4   Download

Drainage of water through the soil profile to groundwater and surface water appears to be the hydrologic pathway that most frequently leads to problematic nitrate contamination of surface waters in agricultural watersheds. This can occur in two ways: by natural drainage where ground water contributes to stream flow and river flow, and by artificial subsurface drainage, where perforated pipes (sometimes called tile drains) have been buried in the soil for the purpose of removing water to reduce damage caused by saturated conditions and thereby enhance crop production (Fig. 1).

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If the soil becomes saturated, oxygen may become scarce and in anoxic conditions, denitrifying bacteria may convert the nitrate to nitrogen gases (NO, N2O, and N2). Nitrogen converted to these gases becomes unavailable for plant uptake or for surface water contamination. Additionally, saturated soil during the growing season is harmful to many crops like maize that cannot tolerate low oxygen concentrations in the root zone for more than a few days.

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