Reaction temperature

In this study, Taguchi's experimental design method was used to improve the yield of FOX-7. Verification of the results shows that the optimal synthesis parameters are as follows: the molar ratio of HNO3/MPD is 8, the reaction time is 180 minutes, and the reaction temperature is 15°C; the maximum yield of FOX-7 can reach 79.14%.

8p viambani 18-06-2024 1 1   Download

This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of surface response analysis methodology in experimental design, modeling, and optimizing manufacturing conditions for the properties of PP/BCSi composite materials. Parameters including mixing temperature, mixing time, and screw speed have been carefully selected to optimize technological factors in material fabrication.

10p vijaychest 16-05-2024 2 0   Download

This study aims to synthesize and characterize the formation of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) from the ring opening of epoxidized oleic acid. The optimal reaction parameters to produce DHSA were found using sulfuric acid as catalyst in which the maximum relative conversion was reached up to 86%. The detection of hydroxyl group was using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

6p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 2 1   Download

In this study, the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized via redox reaction, by using ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) as a protecting and reducing agent, with tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) as precursor and seed solution. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) method was utilized to investigated the reaction conditions (the EDTA:HAuCl4 ratio, the amount of seed solution and stirring solution time) at room temperature. The synthesized AuNPs were deposited on the surface of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) by electrophoresis deposition.

8p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 5 1   Download

The results showed that the overall diffusioncontrolled rate constant is equal to 4.82×109 M-1 s -1 at 298.15K. The zwitterionic form is the main existing form that plays an essential role in the HO - initiated oxidation of Ile (99.98%). The most preponderant reactions are found at C6-H (36.19%) and C8-H (37.77%) positions. Finally, the influence of temperature on the overall rate is also evaluated.

8p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 3 1   Download

The highest luminescence product consists of spheroidal and relatively uniform particles with sizes around 0.6-1.0 µm. The variation of the precipitated precursor with temperature, the influence of sintering temperature on structure and luminescence, the mineralization role of boric acid and the chemical reactions that occur with generation of precipitated precursors and upon heating to give luminescent solid solution products are mentioned.

10p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 2 1   Download

Ebook "Advanced electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells" introduces the reader to the state of the art in nanostructured anode and cathode electrocatalysts for low-temperature acid and alkaline fuel cells. It explores the electrocatalysis of anode (oxidation of organic molecules) and cathode (oxygen reduction) reactions. It also offers insights into metal-carbon interactions, correlating them with the catalytic activity of the electrochemical reactions.

318p tracanhphuonghoa1007 22-04-2024 3 2   Download

Ebook "Reaction mechanisms in carbon dioxide conversion" provides an analysis of the reaction mechanisms relevant to a number of processes in which CO2 is converted into valuable products. Several different processes are considered that convert CO2 either in specialty chemicals or in bulk products or fuels. For each reaction, the mechanism is discussed and the assessed steps besides the dark sites of the reaction pathway are highlighted.

423p tracanhphuonghoa1007 22-04-2024 2 2   Download

Part 1 book "Chemical engineering kinetics" includes content: Introduction, kinetics of homogeneous reactions, design fundamentals, homogeneous reactor design, temperature effects in homogeneous reactors, deviations from ideal reactor performance, heterogeneous reactors.

295p muasambanhan10 11-04-2024 3 1   Download

Ebook "Electrochemistry in ionic liquids - Volume 2: Applications" covers the following applications: electrodeposition and electroless deposition, voltammetry of adhered microparticles, electrochemistry of organic and organometallic compounds, electrocatalytic reactions, oxygen reduction reaction, ionic liquids in surface protection and lubrication, current industrial application of ionic liquids, and finally challenges, issues, and recycling methods of ionic liquids in industrial settings.

279p tudohanhtau1006 29-03-2024 7 1   Download

Ebook "Electron microscopical investigation of interdiffusion and phase formation at Gd2O3|CeO2- and Sm2O3|CeO2-interfaces" adresses phase formation and cation interdiffusion of the GdxCe1-xO2-x/2-and SmxCe1-xO2-x/2-material systems at temperatures ranging from 970 to 1270°C. Diffusion couples with CeO2/Sm2O3 and CeO2/Gd2O3 interfaces were fabricated for the investigations. The resulting reaction phases were investigated utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and allow conclusions regarding the phase diagrams in the examined temperature range.

117p tudohanhtau1006 29-03-2024 1 1   Download

Ebook "Many-electron electrochemical processes: Reactions in molten salts, room-temperature ionic liquids and ionic solutions" provide a unified concept for understanding multi-electron processes in electrochemical systems such as molten salts, ionic liquids, or ionic solutions. A major advantage of this concept is its independence of assumptions like one-step many-electron transfers or ‘discrete’ discharge of complex species.

183p coduathanh1122 27-03-2024 3 1   Download

Ebook "Catalytic and process study of the selective hydrogenation of acetylene and 1,3-butadiene" offers novel methods for catalyst and process design for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene and 1,3-butadiene. The author predicts the properties of supported Pd–Ni bimetallic catalysts using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The excellent correlation between model surfaces and supported catalysts demonstrates the feasibility of designing effective bimetallic catalysts for selective hydrogenation reactions.

151p coduathanh1122 27-03-2024 1 1   Download

Part 2 book "Chemical engineering of polymers - Production of functional and flexible materials" includes content: Study of temperature dependence of specific resistance of nickel tungsten coating on copper; topology of formation of latexes in heterogeneous static monomer water systems; synthesis and research of some phtalocyaninic dyes with Cu, Zn for testing in the systems of solar cells type; polymeric recording media based on carbazole containing copolymers and benzoxyphthalocyanines of transition metalsnment,... and other contents.

246p muasambanhan09 16-03-2024 1 1   Download

Ebook "Characterization and design of zeolite catalysts: Solid acidity, shape selectivity and loading properties" provide us the strong acidity with the fine distribution which enables various useful catalytic reactions. When some metals and cations are loaded in close to the acid sites, these loaded elements show extraordinary characters, and many catalytic reactions proceed thereon. Microporosity provides us a unique property of the shape selectivity, and the excellent selectivity is observed.

189p manmanthanhla0201 26-02-2024 1 1   Download

Ebook "Solid base catalysis (Springer series in Chemical physics, Volume 101)" is focused on the solid base. Because of the advantages over liquid bases, the use of solid base catalysts in organic synthesis is expanding. Solid bases are easier to dispose than liquid bases, separation and recovery of products, catalysts and solvents are less difficult, and they are non-corrosive. Furthermore, base-catalyzed reactions can be performed without using solvents and even in the gas phase, opening up more possibilities for discovering novel reaction systems.

431p manmanthanhla0201 26-02-2024 9 2   Download

In this study, methyl ester was produced through the transesterification of UCO using calcined eggshell as a heterogeneous base catalyst. The objectives of this study were to: (a) investigate the production of a renewable catalyst through eggshell calcination; (b) assess the effect of MeOH/UCO molar ratio, catalyst/ UCO catalyst content, and reaction temperature on the ester content in biodiesel; and (c) use response surface methodology (RSM) to design, analyze, and optimize experimental conditions.

8p vibego 02-02-2024 5 1   Download

Part 2 book "An introduction to chemical engineering kinetics and reactor design" includes content: Selectivity and optimization considerations in the design of isothermal reactors; temperature and energy effects in chemical reactors; deviations from ideal flow conditions; reactor design for heterogeneous catalytic reactions; illustrative problems in reactor design.

278p muasambanhan06 03-02-2024 4 1   Download

Part 1 book "Chemical reaction engineering" includes content: Overview of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics of homogeneous reactions; interpretation of batch reactor data; introduction to reactor design; ideal reactors for a single reaction; design for single reactions; design for parallel reactions; potpourri of multiple reactions; temperature and pressure effects; choosing the right kind of reactor.

382p muasambanhan06 03-02-2024 2 0   Download

In this paper, we discuss the efficiency of using a Fe2V4O13 catalyst in a heterogeneous Fenton-like process for the degradation and mineralization of Ind. We examined various factors that influence the reaction, such as the initial pH of the reaction mixture, the initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the amount of the Fe2V4O13 catalyst, and the reaction temperature was investigated.

9p vijeff 30-11-2023 5 2   Download