Reflex activity
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The Cushing reflex does not appear to have been described in preterm neonates. This case report shows the presence of an active Cushing reflex in a 32-week preterm neonate with hyaline membrane disease.
5p vilazada 31-01-2024 3 2 Download
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Volatile anesthetics increase levels of the neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO) and the secondary messenger molecule cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the brain. NO activates the enzyme guanylyl cyclase (GC) to produce cGMP. We hypothesized that the NO-GC-cGMP pathway contributes to anesthesia-induced unconsciousness.
10p viottohahn 30-03-2022 9 1 Download
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Person-centred care is widely recognised as important for helping people with dementia maintain a sense of self and purpose in life – especially for those living in care facilities. Despite this, most care practices still adopt a medical approach in which physical needs are prioritized over psychosocial well-being.
20p vinobelprisen 26-03-2022 12 4 Download
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It is generally accepted that muscles may activate via the common nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) in response to painful stimuli associated with tensile or compressive forces on peripheral nerves.
11p viannito2711 20-04-2021 10 1 Download
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Research suggests that in some patients with low back pain, lumbar belts (LB) may derive secondary prophylactic benefits. It remains to be determined, however, which patients are most likely to benefit from prophylactic LB use, and which LB design is optimal for this purpose.
13p viannito2711 20-04-2021 6 3 Download
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Individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) have altered activations patterns of the anterior trunk musculature when performing the abdominal hollowing manœuvre (attempt to pull umbilicus inward and upward towards the spine).
12p viannito2711 20-04-2021 10 1 Download
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Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) predisposes to airway disease through a vagally-mediated esophago-bronchial reflex. This study investigates this vagal response to esophageal acid perfusion.
8p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 16 2 Download
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Lactation starts with active contraction of the myoepithelial cells surrounding the alveoli, this process is termed milk ejection, or milk let down. These myoepithelial cells contract when stimulated by oxytocin, a hormone released from the neurohypophysis of the pituitary as a result of a neuro-endocrine reflex. The afferent side of the reflex consists of sensory nerves from the mammary glands, particularly the nipples or teats. Afferent information reaches the hypothalamus, which regulates the release of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis.
8p nguaconbaynhay5 16-05-2020 11 0 Download
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Pain is characterized as a complex experience, dependent not only on the regulation of nociceptive sensory systems, but also on the activation of mechanisms that control emotional processes in limbic brain areas such as the amygdala and the hippocampus.
8p vienzym2711 03-04-2020 11 0 Download
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In this chapter, you will learn to: Define peripheral nervous system and list its components; classify general sensory receptors by structure, stimulus detected, and body location; outline the events that lead to sensation and perception; describe receptor and generator potentials and sensory adaptation; describe the main aspects of sensory perception.
40p tangtuy07 02-04-2016 54 2 Download
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The peripheral nervous system and reflex activity (part c) provides knowledge of spinal nerves. The goal is for you to learn: Describe the formation of a spinal nerve and the general distribution of its rami; define plexus, name the major plexuses and describe the distribution and function of the peripheral nerves arising from each plexus.
28p tangtuy07 02-04-2016 49 4 Download
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Chapter 13 - The peripheral nervous system and reflex activity (part b). This chapter define ganglion and indicate the general body location of ganglia, describe the general structure of a nerve, follow the process of nerve regeneration, name the 12 pairs of cranial nerves, indicate the body region and structures innervated by each.
30p tangtuy07 02-04-2016 47 3 Download
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Chapter 13 (part d) provides knowledge of motor endings and motor activity. In this chapter, students will be able to compare and contrast the motor endings of somatic and autonomic nerve fibers, outline the three levels of the motor hierarchy, compare the roles of the cerebellum and basal nuclei in controlling motor activity.
55p tangtuy07 02-04-2016 61 3 Download
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The lungs are the main route for dust entering the human body. Dust deposition in the pulmonary system varies considerably according to the granulometry of ultrafine dusts and their airborne behaviour. Normally, for coarser dusts encountered in work environments, the proportion of dusts deposited in the alveolar region increases as particle diameter decreases, reaching a maximum value of around 20% for 3-micrometre particles. This percentage then diminishes gradually.
52p quynho77 10-11-2012 54 1 Download
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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Comparison of cough reflex sensitivity after an inhaled antigen challenge between actively and passively sensitized guinea pigs...
8p coxanh_4 26-10-2011 43 3 Download
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Cardiac arrest is cessation of heart action. Ventricular standstill (asystole) and ventricular fibrillation are the immediate causes, but the underlying etiologies are most frequently acute myocardial hypoxia or alteration in conduction or both. In obstetrics and gynecology, cardiac arrest occurs during induction of anesthesia and during operative surgery or instrumented delivery. Cardiovascular disease increases the risk of cardiac arrest, and hypoxia and hypertension are contributory causes.
60p lananhanh123 27-08-2011 40 3 Download
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Lower Motor Neuron Weakness This pattern results from disorders of cell bodies of lower motor neurons in the brainstem motor nuclei and the anterior horn of the spinal cord, or from dysfunction of the axons of these neurons as they pass to skeletal muscle (Fig. 232). Weakness is due to a decrease in the number of muscle fibers that can be activated, through a loss of α motor neurons or disruption of their connections to muscle. Loss of γmotor neurons does not cause weakness but decreases tension on the muscle spindles, which decreases muscle tone and attenuates the stretch reflexes...
5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 67 3 Download
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Disorders of Vascular Tone or Blood Volume Disorders of vascular tone or blood volume that can cause syncope include the reflex syncopes and a number of conditions resulting in orthostatic intolerance. The reflex syncopes—including neurocardiogenic syncope, situational syncope, and carotid sinus hypersensitivity—share common autonomic nervous system pathophysiologic mechanisms: a cardioinhibitory component (e.g., bradycardia due to increased vagal activity), a vasodepressor component (e.g., inappropriate vasodilatation due to sympathetic withdrawal), or both.
5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 56 2 Download
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Sympathetically Maintained Pain Patients with peripheral nerve injury can develop a severe burning pain (causalgia) in the region innervated by the nerve. The pain typically begins after a delay of hours to days or even weeks. The pain is accompanied by swelling of the extremity, periarticular osteoporosis, and arthritic changes in the distal joints. The pain is dramatically and immediately relieved by blocking the sympathetic innervation of the affected extremity.
9p ongxaemnumber1 26-11-2010 72 4 Download
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Vasodilators alogues such as iloprost, or prostaglandin E1 analogues such as alprostanil, mimic the actions of relaxant mediators. Ca2+ antagonists reduce depolarizing inward Ca2+ currents, while K+-channel activators promote outward (hyperpolarizing) K+ currents. Organic nitrovasodilators give rise to NO, an endogenous activator of guanylate cyclase. Individual vasodilators. Nitrates (p. 120) Ca2+-antagonists (p. 122). "1antagonists (p. 90), ACE-inhibitors, AT1antagonists (p. 124); and sodium nitroprusside (p. 120) are discussed elsewhere.
6p bigbaby87 04-09-2010 75 8 Download