Renal hypoxia

To investigate plasma erythropoietin (EPO) concentration and its relationship with some characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with chronic kidney injury (CKI). Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 219 subjects, including 129 patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney injury, 51 patients with diabetes without CKI as a disease control group, and 39 healthy people as a normal control group. All subjects had their plasma EPO levels quantified by ELISA.

9p vilucius 03-03-2023 5 1   Download

(BQ) Ebook Studies on renal disorders: Part 2 presents the following content: Involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in physiological and pathological responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxia: role of reactive oxygen species; regulation of oxygen homeostasis by prolyl hydroxylase domains; oxygen-dependent regulation of erythropoiesis; intricate link between hypoxia and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease; RNA interference and the regulation of renal gene expression in hypoxia;...

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In the registration trial, cabozantinib exposure≥750 ng/mL correlated to improved tumor size reduction, response rate and progression free survival (PFS) in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC).

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One of the molecules regulated by the transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), is the hypoxia-responsive hematopoietic factor, erythropoietin (EPO). This may have relevance to the development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), where mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene are major risk factors for the development of familial and sporadic RCC.

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Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been reported to be overexpressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), whereas the expression of class II HDACs is unknown. Methods: Four isogenic cell lines C2/C2VHL and 786-O/786-OVHL with differential VHL expression are used in our studies. Cobalt chloride is used to mimic hypoxia in vitro. HIF-2α knockdowns in C2 and 786-O cells is used to evaluate the effect on HDAC 1 expression and activity.

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The VHL protein (pVHL) is a multiadaptor protein that interacts with more than 30 different binding partners involved in many oncogenic processes. About 70 % of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have VHL mutations with varying impact on pVHL function. Loss of pVHL function leads to the accumulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF), which is targeted by current targeted treatments.

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Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) underlie a hereditary cancer syndrome—VHL disease—and are also frequently observed in sporadic renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type (ccRCC). VHL disease is characterized by malignant and benign tumors in a few specific tissues, including ccRCC, hemangioblastoma and pheochromocytoma. The etiology of these tumors remains unresolved.

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In this part 2 of ebook "Mayo clinic critical care case review", you will learn to: An upper airway crisis, an endocrine emergency, acute renal failure, hypoxia and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in an immunosuppressed patient with vasculitis, a paraneoplastic syndrome, complicated diarrheal illness, persistent shock with hemorrhagic complications, an unusual presentation of disseminated histoplasmosis,...

177p nanhankhuoctai5 01-06-2020 11 2   Download

Studies have indicated that changed expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in epithelial cells from the kidney could affect the renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

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Angiogenic switch in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is attributed to the inactivation of the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor, stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor-1 transcription factor and increased vascular endothelial growth factor.

13p media19 05-03-2013 26 1   Download

Sedation is the important factor in comfort of brain trauma patients. Insuffient sedation causes hypertension, tachycardia, hypoxia, hypercapnia and uncomfortable with ventilator. On the other hand excess sedation causes hypotansion, bradycardia, coma, respiratory depresion, ileus, renal insufficiency, veinous stasis and immunosupression. For the patients in the critical care unit firstly nonpharmacological method should be experinced for sedation. The patients should be frequently oriented.

274p wqwqwqwqwq 21-07-2012 99 9   Download

Purpura Fulminans (See also Chaps. 136 and 265) Purpura fulminans is the cutaneous manifestation of DIC and presents as large ecchymotic areas and hemorrhagic bullae. Progression of petechiae to purpura, ecchymoses, and gangrene is associated with congestive heart failure, septic shock, acute renal failure, acidosis, hypoxia, hypotension, and death. Purpura fulminans has been associated primarily with N. meningitidis but, in splenectomized patients, may be associated with S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae.

5p thanhongan 07-12-2010 86 2   Download

Several metabolic disorders are associated with blister formation, including diabetes mellitus, renal failure, and porphyria. Local hypoxia secondary to decreased cutaneous blood flow can also produce blisters, which explains the presence of bullae over pressure points in comatose patients (coma bullae). In diabetes mellitus, tense bullae with clear viscous fluid arise on normal skin. The lesions can be as large as 6 cm in diameter and are located on the distal extremities. There are several types of porphyria, but the most common form with cutaneous findings is PCT.

5p konheokonmummim 30-11-2010 81 5   Download