Semantic parser

Part 1 of book "Compiler Construction" provide students with knowledge about: language and syntax; regular languages; analysis of context-free languages; attributed grammars and semantics; the programming language Oberon-0; a parser for Oberon-0; consideration of context specified by declarations; a RISC architecture as target; expressions and assignments;...

60p britaikridanik 05-07-2022 11 3   Download

Scientific names in biology act as universal links. They allow us to cross-reference information about organisms globally. However variations in spelling of scientific names greatly diminish their ability to interconnect data. Such variations may include abbreviations, annotations, misspellings, etc.

14p viflorida2711 30-10-2020 10 1   Download

This paper discusses the consequences of allowing discontinuous constituents in syntactic representions and phrase-structure rules, and the resulting complications for a standard parser of phrase-structure grammar. It is argued, first, that discontinuous constituents seem inevitable in a phrase-structure grammar which is acceptable from a semantic point of view. It is shown that tree-like constituent structures with discontinuities can be given a precise definition which makes them just as acceptable for syntactic representation as ordinary trees.

8p buncha_1 08-05-2013 43 2   Download

In this paper we present an efficient context-free (CF) bottom-up, non deterministic parser. It is an extension of the ICA (Immediate Constituent Analysis) parser proposed by Grishman (1976), and its major improvements are described. It has been designed to run Augmented Phrase-Structure Grammars (APSG) and performs semantic interpretation in parallel with syntactic analysis.

7p buncha_1 08-05-2013 41 1   Download

This paper describes an implemented parser-interpreter which is intended as an abstract formal model of part of the process of sentence comprehension. It is illustrated here for Phrase Structure Grammars with a translation into a familiar type of logical form, although the general principles are intended to apply to any grammatical theory sharing certain basic assumptions, which are discussed in the paper.

8p buncha_1 08-05-2013 28 2   Download

In this paper we present a parser which al lows to make explicit the interconnections between syntax and semantics, to analyze the sentences in a quasi-deterministic fashion and, in many cases, to identify the roles of the various constituents even if the sentance is ill-formed.

8p buncha_1 08-05-2013 52 2   Download

We present a knowledge and context-based system for parsing and translating natural language and evaluate it on sentences from the Wall Street Journal. Applying machine learning techniques, the system uses parse action examples acquired under supervision to generate a deterministic shift-reduce parser in the form of a decision structure. It relies heavily on context, as encoded in features which describe the morphological, syntactic, semantic and other aspects of a given parse state.

8p bunthai_1 06-05-2013 52 1   Download

This report describes the development of a parsing system for written Swedish and is focused on a grammar, the main component of the system, semiautomatically extracted from corpora. A cascaded, finite-state algorithm is applied to the grammar in which the input contains coarse-grained semantic class information, and the output produced reflects not only the syntactic structure of the input, but grammatical functions as well. The grammar has been tested on a variety of random samples of different text genres, achieving precision and recall of 94.62% and 91.

4p bunthai_1 06-05-2013 35 2   Download

This article presents empirical evaluations of aspects of annotation for the linguistic property of animacy in Swedish, ranging from manual human annotation, automatic classification and, finally, an external evaluation in the task of syntactic parsing.

9p bunthai_1 06-05-2013 55 2   Download

In this paper, we pursue a multimodular, statistical approach to WH dependencies, using a feedforward network as our modeling tool. The empirical basis of this model and the availability of performance measures for our system address deficiencies in earlier computational work on WH gaps, which require richer sources of semantic and lexical information in order to run. The statistical nature of our models allows them to be simply combined with other modules of grammar, such as a syntactic parser. ...

4p bunthai_1 06-05-2013 53 1   Download

We propose a syntactic falter for identifying non-coreferential pronoun-NP pairs within a sentence. The filter applies to the output of a Slot Grammar parser and is formulated m terms of the head-argument structures which the parser generates. It liandles control and unbounded dependency constructions without empty categories or binding chains, by virtue of the uniticational nature of the parser. The filter provides constraints for a discourse semantics system, reducing the search domain to which the inference rules of the system's anaphora resolution component apply. ...

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 48 2   Download

By integrating syntactic and semantic processing, our parser (LAZY) is able to deterministically parse sentences which syntactically appear to be garden path sentences although native speakers do not need conscious reanalysis to understand them. LAZY comprises an extension to conceptual analysis which yields an explicit representation of syntactic information and a flexible interaction between semantic and syntactic knowledge. 1. INTRODUCTION The phenomenon we wish to model is the understanding of garden path sentences (GPs) by native speakers of English. ...

5p bungio_1 03-05-2013 34 1   Download

This paper describes the NLMenu System, a menu-based natural language understanding system. Rather than requiring the user to type his input to the system, input to NLMenu is made by selecting items from a set of dynamically changing menus. Active menus and items are determined by a predictive left-corner parser that accesses a semantic grammar and lexicon. The advantage of this approach is that a l l inputs to the NLMenu System can be understood thus giving a 0% f a i l u r e rate.

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 43 1   Download

This paper describes a natural language processing system implemented at Hewlett-Packard's Computer Research Center. The system's main components are: a Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG); a top-down parser; a logic transducer that outputs a first-order logical representation; and a "disambiguator" that uses sortal information to convert "normal-form" f i r s t - o r d e r logical expressions into the q u e r y language for HIRE, a relational database hosted in the SPHERE system.

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 47 1   Download

Robust natural language interpretation requires strong semantic domain models, "fall-soff" recovery heuristics, and very flexible control structures. Although single-strategy parsers have met with a measure of success, a multi.strategy approach is shown to provide a much higher degree of flexibility, redundancy, and ability to bring task-specific domain knowledge (in addition to general linguistic knowledge) to bear on both grammatical and ungrammatical input. A parsing algorithm is presented that integrates several different parsing strategies, with case-frame instantiation dominating. ...

6p bungio_1 03-05-2013 36 2   Download

This p a p e r discusses an approach to incremental learning in natural language processing. The t e c h n i q u e of projecting and integrating semantic c o n s t r a i n t s to learn word definitions is analyzed as Implemented in the POLITICS system. E x t e n s i o n s and improvements of this technique are developed. The problem of generalizing existing word meanings and understanding metaphorical uses of words Is addressed In terms of semantic constraint Integration.

6p bungio_1 03-05-2013 33 2   Download

Under categorial grammars that have powerful rules like composition, a simple n-word sentence can have exponentially many parses. Generating all parses is inefficient and obscures whatever true semantic ambiguities are in the input. This paper addresses the problem for a fairly general form of Combinatory Categorial Grammar, by means of an efficient, correct, and easy to implement normal-form parsing technique.

8p bunmoc_1 20-04-2013 49 2   Download

An approach is described for supplying selectional restrictions to parsers in natural language interfaces (NLIs) to databases by extracting the selectional restrictions from semantic descriptions of those NLIs. Automating the process of finding selectional restrictions reduces NLI development time and may avoid errors introduced by handcoding selectional restrictions.

3p bunmoc_1 20-04-2013 32 2   Download

An extension to classical unification, called graded unification is presented. It is capable of combining contradictory information. An interactive processing paradigm and parser based on this new operator are also presented. Introduction Improved understanding of the nature of knowledge used in human language processing suggests the feasibility of interactive models in computational linguistics (CL). Recent psycholinguistic work such as (Stowe, 1989; Trueswell et al., 1994) has documented rapid employment of semantic information to guide human syntactic processing. ...

3p bunmoc_1 20-04-2013 37 1   Download

Semantic feedback is an important source of information that a parser could use to deal with local ambiguities in syntax. However, it is difficult to devise a systematic communication mechanism for interactive syntax and semantics. In this article, I propose a variant of left-corner parsing to define the points at which syntax and semantics should interact, an account of grammatical relations and thematic roles to define the content of the communication, and a conflict resolution strategy based on independent preferences from syntax and semantics.

3p bunmoc_1 20-04-2013 48 1   Download