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Sex expression
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The genetic underpinning of sexual dimorphism is very poorly understood. The prevalence of many diseases differs between men and women, which could be in part caused by sex-specific genetic efects. Nevertheless, only a few published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed separately in each sex.
13p
viellison
28-03-2024
2
2
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The factors determining sex are diverse in vertebrates and especially so in teleost fishes. Only a handful of master sex-determining genes have been identified, however great efforts have been undertaken to characterize the subsequent genetic network of sex differentiation in various organisms.
17p
vinarcissa
21-03-2023
5
1
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Alternative splicing is a widely used mechanism of gene regulation in sex determination pathways of Insects. In species from orders as distant as Diptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera, female differentiation relies on the activities of conserved splicing regulators, TRA and TRA-2, promoting female-specific expression of the global effector doublesex (dsx).
6p
vinarcissa
21-03-2023
3
1
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Teleost fish present a high diversity of sex determination systems, with possible frequent evolutionary turnover of sex chromosomes and sex-determining genes. In order to identify genes involved in male sex determination and differentiation in the platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus, bacterial artificial chromosome contigs from the sex-determining region differentiating the Y from the X chromosome have been assembled and analyzed.
13p
vinarcissa
21-03-2023
1
1
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X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an important gene regulation mechanism in females to equalize the expression levels of X chromosome between two sexes. Generally, one of two X chromosomes in females is randomly chosen to be inactivated.
14p
vihagrid
30-01-2023
8
3
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The discovery of selection signatures has enabled the identification of genomics regions under selective pressure, enhancing knowledge of evolutionary genotype-phenotypes. Sex chromosomes play an important role in species formation and evolution. Therefore, the exploration of selection signatures on sex chromosomes has important biological significance.
10p
vihagrid
30-01-2023
6
3
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Part 1 of ebook "Selection methods in plant breeding (2nd edition)" provide readers with content about: population genetic effects of cross-fertilization; population genetic effects of inbreeding; assortative mating and disassortative mating; population genetic effect of selection with regard to sex expression; selection with regard to a trait with qualitative variation; random variation of allele frequencies; components of the phenotypic value of traits with quantitative variation;...
234p
hanlinhchi
11-11-2022
10
3
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The patterns of gene expression on highly differentiated sex chromosomes differ drastically from those on autosomes, due to sex-specific patterns of selection and inheritance. As a result, X chromosomes are often enriched in female-biased genes (feminization) and Z chromosomes in male-biased genes (masculinization).
17p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
11
1
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Despite their nearly identical genomes, males and females differ in risk, incidence, prevalence, severity and age-at-onset of many diseases. Sexual dimorphism is also seen in human autosomal gene expression, and has largely been explored by examining the contribution of genotype-by-sex interactions to variation in gene expression.
10p
vialfrednobel
29-01-2022
3
0
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Males and females differ in cognitive functions and emotional processing, which in part have been associated with baseline sex differences in gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex. Nevertheless, a growing body of evidence suggests that sex differences in medial prefrontal cortex-dependent cognitive functions are attenuated by hormonal fluctuations within the menstrual cycle.
20p
viaristotle
29-01-2022
13
0
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X-chromosomal genes contribute to sex differences, in particular during early development, when both X chromosomes are active in females. Double X-dosage shifts female pluripotent cells towards the naive stem cell state by increasing pluripotency factor expression, inhibiting the differentiation-promoting MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and delaying differentiation.
41p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
7
0
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Gonadal sex differentiation proceeds by the interplay of various genes including the transcription factors and secretory factors in a complex network. Dmrt1 and Sox9 were considered to be the essential genes involved in the testicular differentiation in mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes. Here, we have successfully isolated and characterized cDNAs encoding the Rana chensinensis orthologs of Dmrt1 and Sox9, and we have determined patterns of expression during gonadal differentiation and adult tissues.
12p
dolomite36
30-12-2021
11
0
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In the present study, attempts were made to produce biologically active recombinant mouse hephaestin as a secretory form tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP), Hpsec-GFP. Plasmid expressing Hpsec-GFP was constructed and transfected into COS and CHO cells. The GFP aided the monitoring expression in real time to select the best conditions to maximise expression and provided a tag for purifying and analysing Hpsec-GFP. The protein had detectable oxidase activity as shown by in-gel and solution-based assays.
13p
thiencuuchu
27-11-2021
8
1
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Meat tenderness is the consumer’s most preferred sensory attribute. This trait is affected by a number of factors, including genotype, age, animal sex, and pre- and post-slaughter management. In view of the high percentage of Zebu genes in the Brazilian cattle population, mainly Nellore cattle, the improvement of meat tenderness is important since the increasing proportion of Zebu genes in the population reduces meat tenderness.
12p
vilarryellison
29-10-2021
5
1
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The three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is known to play a pivotal role in modulating gene expression by determining the fate of mRNA. Many crucial developmental events, such as mammalian spermatogenesis, tissue patterning, sex determination and neurogenesis, rely heavily on post-transcriptional regulation by the 3′-UTR. However, 3′-UTR biology seems to be a relatively untapped field, with only limited tools and 3′-UTR resources available. To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the 3′-UTR on gene expression, firstly the 3′-UTR sequences must be identified.
11p
vilarryellison
29-10-2021
7
1
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The factors determining sex in teleosts are diverse. Great efforts have been made to characterize the underlying genetic network in various species. However, only seven master sex-determining genes have been identified in teleosts. While the function of a few genes involved in sex determination and differentiation has been studied, we are far from fully understanding how genes interact to coordinate in this process.
12p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
13
1
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Early feathering and late feathering in chickens are sex-linked phenotypes, which have commercial application in the poultry industry for sexing chicks at hatch and have important impacts on performance traits. However, the genetic mechanism controlling feather development and feathering patterns is unclear. Here, miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in chicken wing skin tissues were analysed through high-throughput transcriptomic sequencing, aiming to understand the biological process of follicle development and the formation of different feathering phenotypes.
12p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
5
1
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Coexistence and transition of diverse sex determination strategies have been revealed in some ectothermic species, but the variation between males caused by different sex determination strategies and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Here, we used the gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) with both genotypic sex determination (GSD) and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) strategies to illustrate this issue.
15p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
14
1
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Essential oil (EO) dietary supplementation is a new strategy to improve animal health. EO compounds have antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antimycotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proprieties. Nutrigenomics investigations represent innovative approaches in understanding the relation between diet effect and gene expression related to the animal performance. Few nutrigenomics studies have used a high-throughput RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) approach, despite great potential of RNA-Seq data in gene expression quantification and in co-expression network analyses.
15p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
10
1
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Sex pheromone communication in moths has attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists due to the vast array of pheromone compounds used, addressing questions of how this diversity arose and how male reception has evolved in step with the female signal.
27p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
7
1
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