Stem cells in the body

Ebook "Hematopoietic stem cell biology" discoveries were made possible in part by advancements in technology. For example, recent availability of user friendly fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) machines and monoclonal an- bodies with a variety of fluorescent labels has allowed more scientists to sort and analyze rare populations in the bone marrow, such as HSCs. All classes of hematopoietic cells are derived from HSCs.

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Ebook "Stem cells in the respiratory system" focuses on reviewing the most relevant—and recent—ideas on using local, endogenous, and exogenous progenitor/stem cells in preventing and treating injury to the lung. The lungs are one of the most complex organs in the human body, with a mature adult lung boasting at least 40 morphologically differentiated cell lineages.

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Ebook "Regenerating the heart: Stem cells and the cardiovascular system" organizes the field into a digestible body of knowledge. Its four sections cover mechanical regeneration, electrical regeneration, cardiac tissues and in vivo stem cell therapies.

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Part 1 book "Veterinary embryology" includes content: Historical aspects of embryology; division, growth and differentiation of cells; gametogenesis; fertilisation; cleavage; gastrulation; cell signalling and gene functioning during development; stem cells; establishment of the basic body plan; coelomic cavities; foetal membranes; forms of implantation and placentation; embryo mortality in domestic species; cardiovascular system; embryological and postnatal features of haematopoiesis; nervous system; muscular and skeletal systems.

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Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are undifferentiated stem cells characterized by the ability to differentiate into any cell type in the body. iPSCs are a relatively new and rapidly developing technology in many fields of biology, including developmental anatomy and physiology, pathology, and toxicology.

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Peripheral blood and haematopoiesis in bone marrow and liver tissue were investigated in Bufo bufo during the sexual cycle. A combined touch and imprinting tissue method were applied for the haematopoietic cell isolation. The liver is the primary site of erythropoiesis and partial lymphopoiesis. There was a positive correlation between body mass and liver mass, but it was not significant (P > 0.05). The primary role of yellow bone marrow is the maturation of haematopoietic cells, while red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells.

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In this study, we expanded umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs) for EV release. Additionally, we evaluated the expression level of several microRNAs in three EV populations, including apoptotic bodies (AB), microvesicles (MV), and exosomes (EX). The results show that UCMSCs released three EV types: AB, MV, and EX into culture media.

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Cell-type-specific genes exhibit heterogeneity in genomic contexts and may be subject to different epigenetic regulations through different gene transcriptional processes depending on the cell type involved. The gene-body regions (GBRs) of some cardiomyocyte (CM)-specific genes are long and highly hypomethylated in CMs. To explore the cell-type specificities of epigenetic patterns and functions, multiple epigenetic modifications of GBRs were compared among CMs, liver cells and embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

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We previously reported that the pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs) by co-culture with neonatal CMs (NCMs) in vitro. However, the involving mechanism is not clear.

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The incapacity of articular cartilage (AC) for self-repair after damage ultimately leads to the development of osteoarthritis. Stem cell-based therapy has been proposed for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are becoming a promising stem cell source.

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Stem cells have properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Stem cells can be acquired from both embryo and adult body organs. They have also got the ability to differentiate (potency) and to take over the characteristics of any cell type in the body (Plasticity). Because of these efficient characteristics, they can be used to enhance the livestock production by means of chimera production, gene targeting, nuclear transfer, animal cloning, gene transfer and genetic engineering.

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Induced Pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) technology is involved in advancing the field of disease modelling and cell transplantation. Stem cell can differentiate under appropriate in vitro and in vivo conditions into different cell types. Under this study, we analysed the establishment of in vitro expression of GATA4 gene in cardiac differentiated canine iPSC. In vitro differentiation of canine iPSCs via embryoid bodies (EBs) was produced by ‘Hanging Drop’ method. EB’s were differentiated by using cardiac differentiation media.

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Limbal epithelial progenitors are stem cells located in limbal palisades of vogt. In this review, we present the audience with recent evidence that limbal epithelial progenitors may be a powerful stem cell resource for the cure of human corneal stem cell deficiency.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as by-products of several intracellular metabolic pathways and are reduced to more stable molecules by several protective pathways. The presence of high levels of ROS can be associated with disturbance of cell function and could lead to apoptosis. The presence of ROS within the physiological range has many effects on several signalling pathways. In stem cells, this role can range between keeping the potency of the naive stem cells to differentiation towards a certain lineage.

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Tissue engineering is a rapidly-growing approach to replace and repair damaged and defective tissues in the human body. Every year, a large number of people require bone replacements for skeletal defects caused by accident or disease that cannot heal on their own. In the last decades, tissue engineering of bone has attracted much attention from biomedical scientists in academic and commercial laboratories. A vast range of biocompatible advanced materials has been used to form scaffolds upon which new bone can form.

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(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Stem cells in the science has contents: Cell differentiation and growth, stem cells in the body, regeneration, wound healing and cancer, organogenesis, cell differentiation, the hematopoietic system, the intestinal epithelium. Invite you to refer.

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Throughout its half a century of development, stem cell research has included two main fields: Embryonic stem (ES) cell research and the reprogramming of body somatic cells. In the present review we focused on stem cell reprogramming and its relation with otolaryngology.

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Oxidative stress is the primary cause of lowering of the body’s immune status. It arises as a result of intense metabolic processes in humans and animals that involve a decrease in antioxidant enzymes activity at the expense of increased production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

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For infrastructure specific financing, the government has prepared three financial facilities for PPP in Indonesia, which are grouped in three categories: Land Funds, Infrastructure Funds and Guarantee Funds. Land Funds consists of Land Revolving, Land Capping and Land Acquisition all of which are managed by the Ministry of Public Works. Infrastructure Funds are prepared by PT SMI and PT IIF, whereas Guarantee Funds are managed by IIGF.

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Gillian Clarke has argued that classical drapery is so prevalent in European art that “classicists tend to think of it not as clothing but as an example of Greek and Roman art” (105). Drapery has long been an ‘artistic conceit’, a device showing artistic flair and rendering. This is brought to an apogee in the large paintings by the contemporary artist Alison Watt. The contours of flesh hidden by the folds of cloth are searched for in vain as there is no body hidden. Alison Watt’s work is a study of cloth, of folds, of voids, of form for...

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