Sucking pests in cotton

A total of 27 cotton Gossypium hirsutum genotypes were field evaluated during 2018-19 at Regional Agricultural Research station Nandyal under AICRP-Cotton programme for their reaction towards sucking pests, leaf hopper Amrasca devastans Distant in particular and bollworms. Results revealed that all the test genotypes were moderately tolerant towards sucking pest particularly leaf hoppers and exhibited below economic threshold level populations but among them, genotype CNH-2052 had recorded lowest leafhopper population of 2.

7p chauchaungayxua11 23-03-2021 8 1   Download

This experiment was conducted to understand the biochemical and anatomical differences in the highly resistant and susceptible recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of cotton for sucking pests. These factors are considered to play a major role in the resistance mechanism against insects.

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A field trial was conducted to evaluate the bioefficacy of combinations of spinetoram 12 SC with fungicides / fertilizer / growth regulator, as foliar application on 90 days old Bt cotton against sucking pests and foliar diseases.

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Eco-friendly IPM module for the management of major sucking pests of cotton was demonstrated in the farmer‟s field. Eco-friendly IPM module has significantly reduced the sucking pests population. The leafhoppers population was low (1.5 number / 3 leaves) in the demo plots and it was high (4.2 numbers/ 3 leaves) in the check plots. Similarly the aphids, thrips, whitefly and mealy bug population were low in the demo plots when compared to the check plots.

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In this background, experiments were designed to know the compatibility of a newer insecticide, diafenthiuron 50 WP with other agrochemicals against sucking pests, foliar diseases and natural enemies on Bt cotton.

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Cyantraniliprole 10% OD at 90 g a.i.ha-1 was significantly effective when sprayed twice at 15 days interval, minimized the sucking pests population and increased cotton kapas yield. Cyantraniliprole 10% OD treatments at 90, 180 and 320 g a.i. ha-1 concentrations had not caused any phytotoxic effects like injury to leaf tip, leaf surface, wilting, vein clearing, necrosis, epinasty and hyponasty. Cyantraniliprole 10% (w/v) OD showed the least effect against the spiders.

13p nguaconbaynhay6 24-06-2020 9 1   Download

Sucking pests have become a serious problem in Bt cotton. The cotton aphid and mealybug reduces its yield to the extent of 30-40 per cent and 40-50 per cent, respectively. In this context an investigation was carried out on synthesis of silica nanoparticles from rice husk and its impact against cotton aphid and mealybug during 2017-18 at centre for nanotechnology lab, UAS Raichur. For comparison purposes, metal silica nanoparticles and dinotefuran 20% SG was used as an insecticide.

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The field experiment on cotton productivity and leaf reddening as influenced by nutrition management for targeted yield was conducted during growing seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at College of Agriculture Farm, Raichur, Karnataka on medium deep black soil under irrigation.

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Field experiment carried out at ARS, Dharwad during 2013-14 to study the effect of seed treating chemical and spray formulations on morpho-physiological traits and their impact on sucking pests incidence in Bt cotton. Seed treatment with Imidacloprid 70WS registered higher seedling vigour index of 1089.00 as compared to 1053.00 in Thiamethoxam 35FS. Further, highest leaf specific weight of 0.043 g/cm2 was registered in Imidacloprid 70WS treated seeds were sown and sprayed with Imidacloprid 17.8SL. Similarly, Imidacloprid 17.

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A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides and bio pesticides against sucking insect pests on Bt cotton at College of Agriculture, Vijayapur during kharif-2016-17. The results revealed that the treatment flonicamid 50 WG was observed as significantly superior insecticide in minimizing the thrips population followed by fipronil 5 SC, acetamiprid 20 SP, dinotefuron 20 SG, diafenthiuron 50 WP and thiamethoxam 25 WG.

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The study on “Incidence of sucking pests and natural enemies in cotton under high density planting system (HDPS)” was conducted at RARS, Lam, Guntur during kharif, 2016-17 to observe the incidence of sucking pests such as leafhoppers, aphids, thrips and whitefly and also the incidence of natural enemies (Spiders and Coccinellids). Among the sucking pests thrips population was found dominating other sucking pests during initial days of crop growth period i.e., up to 90 DAS there after aphid population was dominated i.e., from 90- 135 DAS both in normal and HDPS.

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The main aim of the study was to reduce the maximum use of pesticides, these pesticides increases pest resurgence, environmental pollution and toxic residue in food. Efforts were being made to encourage those pest management practices which are ecofriendly. Pooled mean of both the years during 2016 and 2017 revealed that minimum population of leafhopper nymphs was recorded in cotton intercropped with bajra as border crop (2.47 nymphs/leaf) and maximum population was recorded in sole cotton (3.54 nymphs/leaf).

9p nguathienthan4 18-04-2020 18 1   Download

Carbosulfan and imidacloprid are being used for cotton seed treatment in cotton Gossypium hirsutum L., to control various early season piercing and sucking pests. To assess the activity of these two seed treating chemicals against sucking pests of cotton, cotton seeds were treated with imidacloprid and different doses of carbosulfan were sown in the field. Untreated seeds were also sown as control treatment. The studies were continued for two years. During the study period recorded various observations on sucking pest population and seed cotton yield.

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The population dynamics of sucking pests Bt cotton along with their correlation with weather factors were studied during 2008-2013 in five talukas of Buldana district, Maharashtra. According to five year average data the maximum aphid population (43.56 per cent) was recorded in 33rd meteorological week whereas jassid population were reached maximum of 4.42 jassid in 37th meteorological week.

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Present study was investigated to elucidate the role of antioxidative enzymes in imarting resistance to sucking pest attack. Antioxidative enzymes viz. SOD, CAT, POX, GR and APX were estimated in the leaves (2nd leaf & 6th leaf) of cotton genotypes infected by sucking pests at 50, 60 and 68 days after sowing (DAS) stage. The antioxidative enzyme activity before infection was maximum in 2nd & 6 th leaves of G. arboreum genotypes followed by G. hirsutum resistant genotypes and minimum in G. hirsutum susceptible genotypes.

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The two year experiments were conducted under field and in the laboratory with fifteen cotton cultivars as treatments replicated thrice. Observation on major sucking pest viz., aphid, leafhopper, whitefly and thrips were recorded on five plants and biochemical constituent viz., crude protein, total phenols and total soluble sugar were estimated from the leaves of cotton cultivars collected at 45 and 60 days after emergence. The biochemical were estimated by standard methods and correlated with sucking pests.

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The present in vitro studies on bio-efficacy of granular, oil based and wettable powder formulations on various sucking pests were carried out at Entomology laboratory, Institute of Organic Farming (IOF), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. Among different formulations evaluated viz., rice bran oil (60 %) + corn oil (40%) formulation found least LC50 value against corn aphids (0.182 x106 cfu / ml), grape vine mealy bug (0.560 x 106 cfu / ml), cotton thrips (0.591 x 106 cfu / ml), and guava whitefly (0.942 x 106 cfu / ml). The olive oil formulation recorded least LC50 value 0.

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