Synonymous codon use

Most amino acids are encoded by multiple synonymous codons. However, synonymous codons are not used equally, and this biased codon use varies between different organisms. It has previously been shown that both selection acting to increase codon translational efficiency and selection acting to decrease codon biosynthetic cost contribute to differences in codon bias.

11p vigalileogalilei 27-02-2022 19 1   Download

Genomes are composed of long strings of nucleotide monomers (A, C, G and T) that are either scavenged from the organism’s environment or built from metabolic precursors. The biosynthesis of each nucleotide differs in atomic requirements with different nucleotides requiring different quantities of nitrogen atoms.

15p viaristotle 29-01-2022 34 0   Download

By definition, effect of synonymous single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) on protein folding and function are neutral, as they alter the codon and not the encoded amino acid. Recent examples indicate tissue-specific and transfer RNA (tRNA)-dependent effects of some genetic variations arguing against neutrality of synonymous SNVs for protein biogenesis.

12p visilicon2711 20-08-2021 10 1   Download

For multicellular organisms, much remains unknown about the dynamics of synonymous codon and amino acid use in highly expressed genes, including whether their use varies with expression in different tissue types and sexes.

21p vilichoo2711 23-06-2021 7 1   Download

In order to optimize protein production in expression systems, analysis of codon usage patterns is very important. In this regard, chloroplast has special importance due to its small size and high copy number of genome. Vitis vinifera is the most important fruit species in the modern world. In this research, the complete nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast genome in Vitis vinifera was studied, and then analyzed using CodonW software.

7p chauchaungayxua11 23-03-2021 12 2   Download