The overall chemical analysis

Complexometric titrations many metals form complex with a ligand: Cu++ + NH3 ⇔ Cu(NH3)++ Cu(NH3)2+ + NH3 ⇔ Cu (NH3)22+ Cu (NH3)22+ + NH3 ⇔ Cu (NH3)32+ Cu (NH3)32+ + NH3 ⇔ Cu (NH3)42+ Kf1 Kf2 Kf3 Kf4 Zn (NH3) complexes vs lg NH3 α .• theoretically could titrate Zn with ammonia • stepwise Kf very similar • difficult to know stoichiometry • to ensure all one form, need excess NH3 • titration never gives good equivalence point • can’t use monodentate ligand to titrate metals Titrations with EDTA • • • • use multidentate ligands e.g.

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-Systematic and random error -Accuracy vs precision -Significant figures -Average and standard deviations ENVI 15 - Analytical Chemistry Lecture 2 Quality Assurance Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Review Harris Chapter 5 A program to produce high quality data with known uncertainty. ENVI 15 - Analytical Chemistry Lecture 2 .

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Analytical chemistry is the study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.[1] Qualitative analysis gives an indication of the identity of the chemical species in the sample and quantitative analysis determines the amount of one or more of these components. The separation of components is often performed prior to analysis

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