The pediatric airway
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The incidence of primary tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) in pediatric patients is 1/2100 and its prevalence in very premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia is 10-46%. We report the case of a 26-week-old baby with recurrent infections and stunting. He was diagnosed for TBM.
3p viintuit 26-09-2023 0 0 Download
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Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a rare genetic disorder that is associated with dysmorphism, moderate to severe intellectual disability and abnormalities involving multiple organ systems. For anesthetists, these patients pose unique challenges in the administration of anesthesia and airway management.
4p viintuit 26-09-2023 0 0 Download
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Management of children who present with a history of impossible mask ventilation or difficult tracheal intubation is fraught with challenges. Despite this, the “airway stress test” of an inhalational induction is frequently employed risking airway obstruction, breath holding, apnea, and laryngospasm.
4p videadpool 05-05-2023 3 2 Download
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Sevoflurane is commonly usedin pediatric anesthesia due to its non-irritating airway properties, and rapid induction and emergence. However, it is associated with emergence agitation (EA) in children. EA may cause injury to the child or damage to the surgical site and is a cause of stress to both caregivers and families.
7p viottohahn 30-03-2022 9 1 Download
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The Auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is a new surgical option for hearing impaired children. Intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring includes brainstem mapping of cranial nerve (CN) IX, X, XI, XII and their motor nuclei, and corticobulbar tract motor-evoked potential.
4p vampires36 30-12-2021 12 0 Download
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Laryngeal mask airway is a supraglottic airway device which has led to a fundamental change in the management of modern general anesthesia. In the present study; we evaluated the laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions and hemodynamic changes comparing ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) with propofol.
8p vampires36 30-12-2021 9 0 Download
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Supraglottic airway devices (SGA) are commonly used in pediatric anesthesia and serve as primary or back-up devices for difficult airway management. Most SGA are marketed without proper clinical evaluation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the pediatric LMA Supreme™, Air-Q® and Ambu® Aura-i™.
8p vampires36 30-12-2021 10 0 Download
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In infants, securing the airway is time-critical because of anatomical and physiological differences related to airway management in children less than 1 year old. The aim of this study was to compare the time to ventilation using two different hyperangulated video laryngoscope blades with the time to ventilation via conventional direct laryngoscopy in a normal airway [NA] and in a simulated difficult airway [DA].
9p vampires36 30-12-2021 8 0 Download
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Pediatric MRI sedation performed by a variety of specialists such as sedationists and anesthesiologists commonly uses propofol, which has similar effects to an ideal sedative agent for maintaining deep sedation. However, when propofol is used, adverse airway events are relatively more common than when using other sedative agents.
5p vampires36 30-12-2021 19 0 Download
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Grisel’s syndrome is a non-traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation associated with inflammatory conditions of the head and neck, which occurs primarily in children. Increased flexibility of the ligaments during inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of the subluxation between the axis and atlas. The potential sequelae may be severe, and early diagnosis and treatment of Grisel’s syndrome can prevent tragic outcomes.
4p vizhangzhidong 29-12-2021 14 0 Download
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Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) patients are known for their triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. Their airway can be a challenge even for the most experienced pediatric anesthesiologist.
4p vizhangzhidong 29-12-2021 6 0 Download
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This study aims to validate our previously reported prediction technique for uncuffed tracheal tube (TT) sizes in children younger than 2 years of age based on a calculated outer diameter (ODCal, mm) in each patient according to the regression equation ODCal = 0.00223 × age (day) + 4.88 and to investigate a better method to select initial TT sizes to decrease re-intubation frequency, especially since large tubes can damage the trachea.
7p vizhangzhidong 29-12-2021 8 0 Download
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Adams-Oliver syndrome is characterized by the combination of congenital scalp defects and terminal transverse limb defects. In some instances, cardiovascular malformations and orofacial malformations have been observed. Little is written with regards to the anesthetic management and airway concerns of patients with AdamsOliver syndrome.
5p vidietmarhopp 29-12-2021 12 0 Download
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Orthopedic surgery for cervical torticollis poses potential threat to airway management both in tracheal intubation and extubation. Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a complex syndrome of osseous and visceral anomalies. The anatomical characteristics of KFS might have significant implications for airway management.
7p vidietmarhopp 29-12-2021 13 0 Download
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Nitric oxide can be measured at multiple flow rates to determine proximal (maximum airway nitric oxide flux; JawNO) and distal inflammation (alveolar nitric oxide concentration; CANO). The main aim was to study the association among symptoms, lung function, proximal (maximum airway nitric oxide flux) and distal (alveolar nitric oxide concentration) airway inflammation in asthmatic children treated and not treated with inhaled glucocorticoids.
7p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 16 1 Download
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The prevalence of asthma is sharply increasing in pediatric population and has become a global burden of medicine and economics. Nevertheless, evidence for the diagnostic criteria of this condition is still lacking. This condition leads to over-diagnosis of asthma in cases, especially younger children. Stridor and wheezing, pathologic signs of airway obstruction, are sometimes mistakenly identified. As a result, disorders of extra-thoracic airway obstruction may be misdiagnosed with intrathoracic diseases.
3p kethamoi9 02-12-2020 13 1 Download
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a deficiency of the fetal diaphragm resulting in herniation of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity. The best method of respiratory management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is unclear, but high frequency oscillatory ventilation is often used as the initial ventilator mode for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
6p vimoscow2711 28-08-2020 15 1 Download
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Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are rare, usually benign, neoplasms originating in the central nervous system. In this study, we present the first case of a giant airway-obstructing CPP in the pharynx of a newborn.
5p vimanama2711 28-07-2020 9 2 Download
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Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare disease characterized by sleep apnea. Anoxia often occurs soon after birth, and it is important to prevent anoxia-mediated central nervous system complications; however, data on the relationship between respiratory management and the prognosis for intellectual development of patients with CCHS is not well yet investigate.
7p vimanama2711 28-07-2020 27 1 Download
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Severe respiratory distress is a leading cause of mortality among neonates in Malawi. Despite evidence on the safety, cost effectiveness and efficacy of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in managing the condition, its use in Malawian health facilities is limited and little is known about caregivers’ engagement with perspectives of bubble CPAP.
9p viorochimaru2711 29-05-2020 21 1 Download