Thioredoxin system
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Part 1 book "Vitagenes in avian biology and poultry health" includes content: Stresses in poultry production; antioxidant systems in animal body, vitagene concept development; superoxide dismutases (SODS); heat shock proteins; thioredoxin system; glutathione system in avian biology.
260p muasambanhan05 22-01-2024 4 2 Download
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The thioredoxin system, found in all living creatures, consists of thioredoxin protein (Trx), thioredoxin reductase enzyme (TrxR), and NADPH. In this study, turkey liver mitochondrial TrxR enzyme with 3.07 EU × mg −1 specific activity was purified 990-fold in a yield of 2.05% using 2’,5’-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The purity of the enzyme was measured and the molecular weight of its subunits was determined to be 45.5 kDa by SDSPAGE. The molecular mass of the enzyme’s natural state was found to be 88 kDa using Sephadex-G 150 gel filtration chromatography.
13p langthannam 29-12-2021 10 0 Download
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In yeast, the cytoplasmic thioredoxin system is composed of NADPH, thioredoxin reductase-1 (TRR1) and 2 thioredoxin genes (TRX1, TRX2). In this study, using yeast knockout mutants for TRR1, TRX1 and TRX2 genes, the role of the thioredoxin system in methionine sulfoxide reduction was investigated.
6p vitamix 15-02-2019 19 1 Download
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All living organisms contain redox systems involving thior-edoxins (Trx), proteins featuringanextremelyconservedand reactive active site that perform thiol-disul®de interchanges with disul®de bridges of target proteins. In photosynthetic organisms, numerous isoforms of Trx coexist, as revealedby sequencing ofArabidopsisgenome. The speci®c functions of many of them are still unknown.
11p research12 29-04-2013 33 1 Download
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We have identified and characterized a thermostable thio-redoxin system in the aerobic hyperthermophilic archaeon AeropyrumpernixK1. Thegene (Accessionno.APE0641) of A. pernixencoding a 37 kDaprotein contains a redox active site motif (CPHC) but its N-terminal extension region (about 200 residues) shows no homologywithin the genome database. A second gene (Accession no. APE1061) has high homology to thioredoxin reductase and encodes a 37 kDa protein with the active site motif (CSVC), and binding sites forFADandNADPH....
8p tumor12 22-04-2013 29 1 Download
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Themosquito,Anopheles gambiae, is an important vector of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Full genome analysis revealed that, as in Drosophila melanogaster,the enzyme glutathione reductase is absent inA. gambiaeand func-tionally substituted by the thioredoxin system. The key enzyme of this system is thioredoxin reductase-1, a homo-dimeric FAD-containing protein of 55.3 kDa per subunit, which catalyses the reaction NADPH + H + + thio-redoxin disulfidefiNADP + + thioredoxin dithiol.
10p tumor12 20-04-2013 29 1 Download
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Thioredoxins are a group of small redox-active proteins involved in cellular redox regulatory processes as well as antioxidant defense. Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, and try-paredoxin are members of the thioredoxin superfamily and share structural and functional characteristics. In the mal-arial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a functional thio-redoxin and glutathione system have been demonstrated and are considered to be attractive targets for antimalarial drug development.
8p tumor12 20-04-2013 40 2 Download
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Anumber of cellular systems cooperate in redox regulation, providing metabolic responses according to changes in the oxidation (or reduction)of the redox active components of a cell. Key systems of central metabolism, such as the 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes, are important participants in redox regulation, because their function is controlled by the NADH/NAD + ratio and the complex-bound dihydro-lipoate/lipoate ratio.
7p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 2 Download
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Arabidopsis thalianacontains eight glutathione peroxidase (GPX) homologs (AtGPX1–8). Four mature GPX isoenzymes with different subcellular dis-tributions, AtGPX1, -2, -5 and -6, were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and characterized. Interestingly, these recombinant proteins were able to reduce H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide, phosphatidylcholine and linoleic acid hydroperoxides using thioredoxin but not glutathione or NADPH as an electron donor.
9p inspiron33 23-03-2013 39 4 Download
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Sodium 2-propenyl thiosulfate, a water-soluble organo-sulfane sulfur com-pound isolated from garlic, induces apoptosis in a number of cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of action of sodium 2-propenyl thiosulfate has not been completely clarified. In this work we investigated, byin vivo and in vitro experiments, the effects of this compound on the expression and activity of rhodanese.
16p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 38 3 Download
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Pycnogenol , which is extracted from the bark of French maritime pine, has been shown to have antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathi-one reductase (GR) are three central redox enzymes that are active in endogenous defence against oxidative stress in the cell.
9p vinaphone15 27-02-2013 38 1 Download