Tillage operations

Currently there is a significance interest and emphasis on the shift to the conservation and no-tillage methods for the purpose of controlling erosion process (Adugna, 2019). Tillage is an effective farm activity to improve soil tilth and soil physical conditions (Khan et al., 2010).

6p chauchaungayxua10 18-03-2021 15 1   Download

A tractor drawn roto drill cum herbicide applicator (RDHA) was developed during 2012- 13, at College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla. It was developed for adaption of minimum till technology and timeliness of and herbicide application operations. The RDHA was a combination of rotovator, seed hopper (Trough feed type) and rocker sprayer pump. It performs tillage, sowing and herbicide application simultaneously in single pass of tractor.

9p cothumenhmong9 18-01-2021 12 2   Download

The combination tillage implement comprises either active-passive or passive-passive tillage elements. Some studies on development and performance evaluation of 2WD tractor drawn combination tillage implements have been conducted in India (Kumar and Manian, 1986; Manian et al., 1999; Kailappan et al., 2001a and b., Sahu, 2006).

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The effect of operational parameters on selected tillage tools or tines were studied by using instrumented soilbin at Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur (Karnataka). The experiment was conducted in sandy clay loam soil to study the effect of variation of forward speed (3, 4 and 5 km/h), operating depth (5, 10 and 15 cm) and type of tools (Sweep-1, Sweep-2 and Shovel-1) on draft, specific draft, soil disturbance parameters and tool width to furrow width ratio. The test was conducted in a 21 m long, 2 m wide and 1 m deep soilbin.

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Rotavator is an efficient tillage implement used for rapid bed preparation and is an energy and time efficient equipment for different soils compared to all other conventional tillage implements. The primary cause that limits the persistence of rotavator is wear of its blades. This paper was undertaken to study the material composition and wear characteristics of austempered ductile iron third edition rotavator blades which were developed by austempering heat process done over cast iron.

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This paper was undertaken to study the material composition and wear characteristics of austempered ductile iron third edition (ADI 3rd edition) rotavator blades which were developed by austempering heat process done over cast iron. The objective was carried out by means of elemental analysis and identification of wear pattern of rotavator blades with increase in operational time. The results indicated that the change in material composition responsible for wear characteristics of blades.

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A study was conducted in Balod District of Chhattisgarh Plains in Chhattisgarh state to assess the level of draft animal power utilization, tractor utilization, power availability and women’s power contribution in agricultural and allied activities. By personal interview using a structured questionnaire 30 respondents selected in each of the village. In Gunderdehi Block Arjunda and Lohara village whereas in Gurur Block Latabod and Sikosa village was selected. The level of farm mechanization in the Balod has progressive stage.

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In this paper the field performance of the developed tillage tool in terms of the work quality and specific draught resistance are presented. The obtained data allowed us to determine the parameters and operation modes of the developed tillage tool under which the required quality is provided.

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The present study evaluated the effects of long-term tillage operation on soil physical properties and nutrient dynamics on surface soil. The soil samples were collected at 0 to 15cm soil depth profiles in the year of 2016 and 2017 from following treatment (T1) Conventional tillage, (T2) Conventional tillage with seeding by bullock drawn, (T3) Zero till seeding with bullock drawn, (T4) Conservation tillage seeding with country plough and (T5) Utera cropping (T5).

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Conservation agriculture (CA) is based on principles of minimum soil disturbance through zero or minimum tillage operations, residue retention on soil surface and crop diversification which not only improves healthy functioning of soil but also enhances nutrient availability, its biological quality and aggregate formation. On the other hand, conventional tillage (CT) practices characterized by excessive tillage, residue removal and monoculture are often associated with the degradation of soil mainly in terms of depletion of Soil Organi arbon (SOC), sub-soil compaction and loss of biodiversity.

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Generally, energy conservation and fuel savings are related to the amount of reduction in tillage and may be quite substantial with no-tillage. Less machinery is required for reduced tillage, which contributes to the decrease in overall energy used in the crop production. No-tillage, minimum tillage and mulching have been broadly used in the modern agriculture operations which had showed excellent results in past as well as in present. These techniques have provided obvious benefits of soil and water conservation on sloping farm-land in the hill regions.

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The experiment consisting of five subsoiling treatments (S0 to S4) viz., no subsoiling (S0), subsoiling at 1.5 m distance (S1), subsoiling at 2.0 m distance (S2), cross subsoiling at 1.5 m x 1.5 m (S3) and cross subsoiling at 2.0 m x 2.0 m (S4) and two preparatory tillage practices, i.e., 2 and 4 harrowing was laid in split plot design with four replications. Various subsoiling practices did not show any significant effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content (%) in sugarcane leaf blade, leaf sheath and stalk at harvest during both the years of experimentation and pooled result.

9p chauchaungayxua5 08-05-2020 11 1   Download

The field experiment was carried out at college farm to evaluate the performance of tractor drawn rotavator. Based on observations, the soil bulk density after tillage treatment by rotavator (T1) was found 1.299 g/cm3 which was much lower than that after tillage treatment by harrow (T2) 1.330 g/cm3 and by cultivator (T3) 1.314 g/cm3 , the soil moisture value was found to be 23.10 g per 100 g before tillage and 23.

8p nguathienthan4 18-04-2020 15 1   Download

In a many Farm fields, stones are present in the soil. Stones are a major problem in a farm to resist the growth of plants. It is also damage the tillage tools and harvesting machinery. The damage of harvesting machinery can be very expensive and takes substantial periods of time to repair. Most of Indian farmers collect stones manually. In a process of removing stone, operation involves digging up the stones and separating it from the soil.

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Following the industrial revolution in the nineteenth century, agricultural machinery and tractors became available for tillage operations. Different types of tillage systems have different tillage depths and capacity to change soil physical properties that affect the crop yield and quality. Important soil physical properties such as bulk density, penetration resistance, water infiltration, hydraulic conductivity and soil compaction are affected by tillage.

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Proper tillage, precise placement and optimum coverage of seeds and fertilizers in the moist zone of soil are most critical for successful crop establishment. The present work was therefore taken up to study the soil coverage in the furrow with a developed furrow covering device with shovel and shoe type furrow opener. Experiments were conducted in the test soil bin with the three types of furrow openers like plain shovel, shovel with shoe and shovel+shoe+covering attachment with load of 5 kg to determine the performance on soil coverage and draft requirement.

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Tractor is a versatile vehicle designed to deliver high torque at much lower speed. It is mainly used for off-road condition and different field operations. Among these, rotavators are getting popularised as it can be used for both primary and secondary tillage operation as well as both in wet land and dry land operations. It has the capability of producing good quality tillage compared to other tillage operations.

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A field experiment was conducted during 2011-2012 at the Instructional farm, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal during the Boro season to find out the effect of grain yield of rice cultivars under different methods of rice cultivation (SRI and conventional) at a given soil moisture content. The yield attributes of rice among the different varieties (Pioneer, RH664, Lalat and GB-1) in both SRI and conventional systems were recorded. The maximum yield (5.02 t ha-1 ) in RH664 under SRI over the other was observed, while maximum yield (3.

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Soil biochemical properties are indicators of soil quality, but there is still no consensus as to how they should be used. Generally, biochemical properties related to the biocycles of the elements (C, N, P and S) are used to diagnose soil quality. These properties include both general biochemical parameters (i.e. microbial biomass C, dehydrogenase activity and N mineralization potential) and specific biochemical parameters (i.e. the activity of hydrolytic enzymes, such as phosphatase, Dehydrogenase, urease and b-glucosidase).

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A field experiment was conducted with wheat to study the effect of tillage operations on the changes of the CO2- balance and reflection thereof, if any, on the yield of the crop. The organic sources in the form of decomposed paddy straw and farm yard manure (FYM) were applied in soil and the changes of the CO2-in and CO2-out were observed at the conventional (CT) and zero tillage (ZT) practices. The maximum level of CO2-in (914.06 ppm) and CO2-out (859.43 ppm) were recorded under the CT.

11p nguathienthan2 19-12-2019 10 0   Download