Traditional grammar

Ebook "Formal syntax and semantics of programming languages" includes content: Specifying syntax, introduction to laboratory activities, attribute grammars, two level grammars, the lambda calculus, self definition of programming languages, translational semantics, traditional operational semantics,.... and other contents.

654p haojiubujain07 20-09-2023 4 3   Download

Ebook Linguitics: Part 2 presents the following content: Connected English Speech: Accent; Difference in R.P. and Indian English; Morphological Analysis (Identification of Morphemes and Allomorph); Transformational Rules: Application-Tree Diagrams; Grammar: Traditional to Transformational;...Please refer to the documentation for more details.

206p chankora 16-06-2023 3 2   Download

The study is aimed at: introducing what online learning is, types of online learning and compare online classes and traditional classes; introducing Speaking skill, present information about the characteristics of oral performance, advantages and disadvantages of learning to speak online; the influence of mobile phones on learning Speaking skill.

73p linyanjun_2408 21-04-2022 29 7   Download

Introducing what online learning is, types of online learning and compare online classes and traditional classes; conducting survey on student’s feedbacks on online learning in speaking skill and giving some suggestions to for the 2nd year English major students at Hai Phong Management and Technology University about learning English through online learning to improve speaking skill better.

73p trinhthamhodang10 16-03-2021 24 3   Download

"The teacher’s grammar book" presnet traditional grammar; phrase structure grammar; noam chomsky and grammar; cognitive grammar; dialects.

286p sofiatienganhcap3 03-02-2021 34 6   Download

The experimental group was taught English writing skills using portfolios while traditional teaching method was applied to the control group. A pretest and a post-test were administered to both groups to measure the differences in students’ writing performances. The results revealed that portfolios had positive impacts on students’ writing skills.

9p vivirginia2711 10-12-2020 21 4   Download

The aim of this paper is to find out differences between definite ‘the’ and generic ‘the’ from traditional grammar to cognitive grammar concepts in order to help learners certainly understand when they use or analyze ‘the’ for an instance, and overcome the ambiguity.

7p tocectocec 19-05-2020 7 0   Download

The educational establishment was built and structured on a communication pattern at the core of the Gutenberg Galaxy that combines the spoken word with printed and handwritten resources. The current digitization of text is a pacesetter for retooling the workplace in the "industries of signs", for replacing skills on a broad scale and for developing new formal and informal social relationships. In addition to technological developments, a strong driver of this process is the cost of the mainly manual modes of academic operation.

21p kequaidan1 05-11-2019 20 2   Download

This study investigates men and women’s representations in TV advertisements in Vietnam from a multimodal critical discourse analysis perspective. The data comprise of almost one hundred TV advertisements aired on principle TV channels in Vietnam such as VTV and HTV. The framework in use is Fairclough’s (2001), in which part of Kress and van Leeuwen’s visual grammar (1996) is incorporated for a multimodal discourse analysis of the advertisements.

70p nguathienthan 04-10-2019 42 1   Download

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: What is linguistics, linguistics is not philology, linguistics is not about language learning or teaching, linguistics is not concerned with evaluation of a language in use, what linguistics is not? linguistics vs. traditional grammar,...

33p tieu_vu17 02-08-2018 35 1   Download

During the year of this study, I taught three sections of English with a total of 61 students. A wide range of my students’ abilities and the presence of English Language Learners (ELL) in my classroom presented me with many challenges. Components of my instruction included the Houghton-Mifflin textbook series, Daily Oral Language, traditional grammar activities, and other supplemental materials. After several weeks of instruction I was disappointed in my students’ inability to demonstrate proper writing skills.

52p commentcmnr 03-06-2013 75 8   Download

DATR is a declarative language for representing a restricted class of inheritance networks, permitting both multiple and default inheritance. The principal intended area of application is the representation of lexical entries for natural language processing, and we use examples from this domain throughout. In this paper we present the syntax and inference mechanisms for the language.

6p buncha_1 08-05-2013 36 1   Download

The topic of the paper is the problem how to define case relations by semantic predicates. A general principle is outlined, which renders it possible to "calculate" case relations for a given representation of a (verb-)sememe by means of expressions. This principle is based on an assignment of case relations to primitive predicates and modification rules for nested expressions.

4p buncha_1 08-05-2013 49 3   Download

This paper describes a field grammar for Danish and its implementations in a Prolog version with predeclared types. In compar i s o n to the u s u s a l S - NP VP schema, this kind of grammar, where the first rule is S - CNF FF NF CF e n h a n c e s a n a l y s i s effeciency because the fields specify constituents and syntactic function at the same time. The field grammar tradition is outlinedand an o v e r v i e w of the major...

6p buncha_1 08-05-2013 50 2   Download

Recent work has seen the emergence of a common framework for parsing categorial grammar (CG) formalisms that fall within the 'type-logical' tradition (such as the Lambek calculus and related systems), whereby some method of linear logic theorem proving is used in combination with a system of labelling that ensures only deductions appropriate to the relevant grammatical logic are allowed. The approaches realising this framework, however, have not so far addressed the task of incremental parsing - - a key issue in earlier work with 'flexible' categorial grammars.

8p bunthai_1 06-05-2013 61 3   Download

Functional Unification Grammars (FUGs) are popular for natural language applications because the formalism uses very few primitives and is uniform and expressive. In our work on text generation, we have found that it also has annoying limitations: it is not suited for the expression of simple, yet very common, taxonomic relations and it does not allow the specification of completeness conditions. We have implemented an extension of traditional functional unification. This extension addresses these limitations while preserving the desirable properties of FUGs.

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 56 1   Download

The structure imposed upon spoken sentences by intonation seems frequently to be orthogohal to their traditional surface-syntactic structure. However, the notion of "intonational structure" as formulated by Pierrehumbert, Selkirk, and others, can be subsumed under a rather different notion of syntactic surface structure that emerges from a theory of grammar based on a "Combinatory" extension to Categorial Gram, mar.

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 45 2   Download

We introduce a first-order version of Categorial Grammar, based on the idea of encoding syntactic types as definite clauses. Thus, we drop all explicit requirements of adjacency between combinable constituents, and we capture wordorder constraints simply by allowing subformulae of complex types to share variables ranging over string positions. We are in this way able to account for constructiods involving discontinuous constituents.

8p bungio_1 03-05-2013 58 1   Download

There are various difficulties in accomodating the traditional mass/count distinction into a grammar for English which has a goal the production of "logical form" semantic translations of the initial English sentences, The present paper surveys some of these difficulties. One puzzle is whether the distinction is a syntactic one or a semantic one, i.e., whether it is a well-formedness constraint or whether it is a description of the semantic translations produced.

4p bungio_1 03-05-2013 44 1   Download

Categorial grammar has traditionally used the λ-calculus to represent meaning. We present an alternative, dependency-based perspective on linguistic meaning and situate it in the computational setting. This perspective is formalized in terms of hybrid logic and has a rich yet perspicuous propositional ontology that enables a wide variety of semantic phenomena to be represented in a single meaning formalism. Finally, we show how we can couple this formalization to Combinatory Categorial Grammar to produce interpretations compositionally....

8p bunmoc_1 20-04-2013 33 2   Download