Transport chain

Early metabolic steps, including glycolysis and the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, yield a two-carbon fragment called an acetyl group, which is linked to a large cofactor known as coenzyme A (or CoA). It is during the citric acid cycle that acetyl-CoA is oxidized to the waste product, carbon dioxide, along with the reduction of the cofactors NAD+ and ubiquinone

94p zingzing09 21-10-2012 58 9   Download

This research is to design the Indonesian LPG distribution system through Location-allocation modelling taking into account the existing facilities. Location-allocation model is developed in fixed charge capacitated location-allocation problem considering transportation and inventory decisions. Multi echelon LPG distribution system is considered to be modelled from regional warehouse to agents.

616p runthenight04 02-02-2023 8 3   Download

The article reviews methods of transportation for various types of imported medicinal plant materials of ginseng roots from China to the Russian Federation, with due consideration for risks.

6p tohitohi 22-05-2020 27 0   Download

In the existing market, companies confront a fierce competition, so the need for new and efficient process for supply chain has become necessarily important. To this end, supply chain management among multi agent system is proposed for addressing the selection and evaluation process related to the inbound logistics.

10p tohitohi 22-05-2020 38 1   Download

Several protein toxins, such as the potent plant toxin ricin, enter mamma-lian cells by endocytosis and undergo retrograde transport via the Golgi complex to reach the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this compartment the catalytic moieties exploit the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway to reach their cytosolic targets. Bacterial toxins such as cholera toxin or Pseudomonasexotoxin A carry KDEL or KDEL-like C-terminal tetrapep-tides for efficient delivery to the ER.

13p fptmusic 12-04-2013 46 3   Download

Human serum albumin (HSA) is best known for its extraordinary ligand binding capacity. HSA has a high affinity for heme and is responsible for the transport of medium and long chain fatty acids. Here, we report myri-state binding to the N and B conformational states of Mn(III)heme–HSA (i.e. at pH 7.0 and 10.0, respectively) as investigated by optical absorbance and NMR spectroscopy. At pH 7.0, Mn(III)heme binds to HSA with lower affinity than Fe(III)heme, and displays a water molecule coordinated to the metal....

12p fptmusic 12-04-2013 47 4   Download

Complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first complex in the respiratory electron transport chain. Homologs of this complex exist in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. The minimal complex I from mitochondria and bacteria contains 14 different subunits grouped into three modules: membrane, connecting, and soluble subcomplexes. The com-plex I homolog (NADH dehydrogenase or Ndh complex) from chloroplasts from higher plants contains genes for two out of three modules: the mem-brane and connecting subcomplexes. ...

12p awards 06-04-2013 27 3   Download

Recent studies have suggested that parts of the hepatic activities of diacylglycerol acyltransferase and acyl choles-terol acyltransferase are expressed in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However the ER membrane is impermeable to the long-chain fatty acyl-CoA substrates of these enzymes.

8p dell39 03-04-2013 27 3   Download

Melithiazol and myxothiazol are two myxobacterial metabolites that are highly efficient electron transport inhibitors of the respiratory chain. MelJ and MelK encoded in the melithiazol biosynthetic gene cluster were recently shown to be involved in the formation of the methyl ester from a hypothetical amide intermediate.

11p inspiron33 25-03-2013 43 5   Download

CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc), expressed at high levels in developing human trophoblasts, is an integral membrane protein with multiple N-linked gly-cosylation sites and known to be important for cell fusion, adhesion, and amino acid transport. Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to study the effect of brefeldin A, an inhibitor of protein translocation through the Golgi, on CD98hc in the human placental trophoblast cell line BeWo.

13p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 33 4   Download

Subunit 4 of cytochromecoxidase (CcO) is a nuclear-encoded regulatory subunit of the terminal complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. We have recently discovered an isoform of CcO 4 (CcO4-2) which is specific to lung and trachea, and is induced after birth. The role of CcO as the major cellular oxygen consumer, and the lung-specific expression of CcO4-2, led us to investigate CcO4-2gene regulation.

12p media19 04-03-2013 38 4   Download

The ATP-binding cassette transporter MDL1 ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae has been implicated in mitochondrial quality control, exporting degradation products of misassembled respiratory chain complexes. In the present study, we identified an unusually long leader sequence of 59 amino acids,

13p media19 04-03-2013 47 2   Download

Traditionally, the canine pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been the workhorse for cell-free studies on protein transport into the mamma-lian ER. These studies have revealed multiple roles for the major ER-lumi-nal heat shock protein (Hsp) 70, IgG heavy chain-binding protein (BiP), at least one of which also involves the second ER-luminal Hsp70, glucose-reg-ulated protein (Grp) 170.

13p media19 04-03-2013 30 3   Download

Human serum albumin (HSA) has an extraordinary ligand-binding capac-ity, and transports Fe(III)heme and medium- and long-chain fatty acids. In human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients the administered drugs bind to HSA and act as allosteric effectors. Here, the binding of Fe(III)-heme to HSA in the presence of three representative anti-HIV drugs and myristate is investigated.

12p media19 04-03-2013 42 3   Download

In an effort to shed more light on the early evolutionary history of the heavy-chain subunits of heteromeric amino acid transporters (hcHATs) rBAT and 4F2hc within the a-amylase family GH13, a bioinformatics study was undertaken.

14p vinaphone15 27-02-2013 29 2   Download

In the apicoplast of apicomplexan parasites, plastidic-type ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP + reductase (FNR) form a short electron transport chain that provides reducing power for the synthesis of isoprenoid precursors. These proteins are attractive targets for the development of novel drugs against diseases such as malaria, toxoplasmosis, and coccidiosis.

12p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 32 2   Download

Human dynein light chain 1 (DYNLL1) is a dimeric 89-residue protein that is known to be involved in cargo binding within the dynein multiprotein complex. Over 20 protein targets, of both cellular and viral origin, have been shown to interact with DYNLL1, and some of them are transported in a retrograde manner along microtubules.

11p mobifone23 21-01-2013 43 3   Download

Methanosarcina mazeiis a methanogenic archaeon that is able to thrive on various substrates and therefore contains a variety of redox-active proteins involved in both cytoplasmic and membrane-bound electron transport. The organism possesses a complex branched respiratory chain that has the abil-ity to utilize different electron donors.

11p cosis54 05-01-2013 43 4   Download

.Fuel of the Cell - ATP .Adenosine-5’-triphosphate C6H12O6 + 6O2 -- 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP + heat) .ATP synthesis – Cellular Respiration .

19p zingzing09 21-10-2012 70 4   Download