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Unfolded protein response
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The IRE1a-XBP1 pathway is a conserved adaptive mediator of the unfolded protein response. The pathway is indispensable for the development of secretory cells by facilitating protein folding and enhancing secretory capacity.
19p
vibransone
28-03-2024
5
2
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Attenuated Oxaliplatin efficacy is a challenge in treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, contributory to the failure in chemotherapy and the risks in relapse and metastasis. However, the mechanism of Oxaliplatin de-efficacy during CRC treatment has not been completely elucidated.
16p
vileonardodavinci
23-12-2023
2
2
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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is effectively treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), targeting the BCR::ABL1 oncoprotein. Still, resistance to therapy, relapse after treatment discontinuation, and side effects remain significant issues of long-term TKI treatment. Preliminary studies have shown that targeting oxidative phosphorylation (oxPhos) and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are promising therapeutic approaches to complement CML treatment.
12p
vileonardodavinci
23-12-2023
2
2
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Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) have been observed in epithelial ovarian tumors. They can resist antimitotic drugs, thus participating in tumor maintenance and recurrence. Although their origin remains unclear, PGCC formation seems to be enhanced by conditions that trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR) such as hypoxia or chemotherapeutic drugs like paclitaxel.
15p
visusanwojcicki
28-06-2022
14
2
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous organelle that maintains proteostasis and cellular homeostasis, controlling the fine balance between health and disease. Dysregulation of the ER stress response has been implicated in intestinal inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic condition characterized by changes to the mucosa and alteration of the gut microbiota.
17p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
8
0
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the most important mechanisms supporting MDR development. ER stress-mediated chemotherapeutic resistance is very common in aggressive tumors. The in vitro and in vivo experiments on breast tumors indicate that ER stress-activated protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)- activating transcription factor (ATF4) signal axis plays an important role in the survival of tumors and metastasis. Besides, ER stress-associated oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) induce chemoresistance in breast tumors.
16p
thiencuuchu
27-11-2021
15
2
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the most lethal cancers, is driven by oncogenic KRAS mutations. Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid (FTS), also known as salirasib, is a RAS inhibitor that selectively dislodges active RAS proteins from cell membrane, inhibiting downstream signaling.
13p
vianrose2711
27-04-2021
8
1
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The Bag (Bcl-2 associated athanogene) family of proteins consists of 6 members sharing a common, single-copied Bag domain through which they interact with the molecular chaperone Hsp70. Bag5 represents an exception in the Bag family since it consists of 5 Bag domains covering the whole protein.
11p
vijisoo2711
29-09-2020
8
1
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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors contribute to the development of malignant glioma. Here we considered the possible implication of the EGFR ligand epiregulin (EREG) in glioma development in relation to the activity of the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor IRE1α. We also examined EREG status in several glioblastoma cell lines and in malignant glioma.
12p
vijennie2711
25-09-2020
18
1
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Cyclin D1 and its kinase partners control cell cycle progression. Cyclin D1 is frequently deregulated in various cancers, including malignant hemopathies, and tumor cells display uncontrolled cell proliferation. Cyclin D1 is not expressed in the B-cell lineage but is found in multiple myeloma (MM) cells in almost 50% of patients with this condition.
12p
vialabama2711
21-09-2020
12
0
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. We previously showed that the inhibition of placental growth factor (PlGF) exerts antitumour effects and induces vessel normalisation, possibly reducing hypoxia. However, the exact mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear.
10p
vinaypyidaw2711
26-08-2020
13
1
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Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a resident chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum and a master regulator of the unfolded protein response under physiological and pathological cell stress conditions.
14p
viputrajaya2711
22-06-2020
6
0
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is widely known to function in eukaryotes to maintain the homeostasis of the ER when unfolded or misfolded proteins are overloaded in the ER.
12p
viminato2711
22-05-2020
14
0
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Increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) has been found in the myocardium suffered from ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The pro-survival activity of NGF on ischemic heart has been supposed to be mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is activated initially as a defensive response to eliminate the accumulated unfolded proteins, has shown a critical involvement in the ischemia induced myocardial apoptosis.
9p
viankara2711
04-12-2019
14
0
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Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is one of the main causes of acute renal failure, leading to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ensuing oxidative stress, which results in unfolded misfolded protein accumulation and its dependent response pathways, generally known as unfolded protein response (UPR), in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
8p
sony2711
01-02-2019
16
1
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Eukaryotic cells respond to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this case, so-called unfolded protein response (UPR) genes are induced. We determined the transcriptional expression ofArabidopsis thaliana UPRgenes by fluid microarray analysis of tunicamycin-treated plantlets. Two hundred and fifteen up-regulated genes and 17 down-regulated ones were identified.
16p
fptmusic
11-04-2013
30
1
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Thebform of human cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (human PKIb), a novel heat-stable protein, was isolated with high yield using a bacterial expression system. Assays of PKI activity demonstrated that purified PKIb inhibits the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and CD experiments implied that human PKIbcontained only small amounts of a-helix andb-structures, but large amounts of random coil and turn structures, which may explain its high thermosta-bility.
6p
dell39
03-04-2013
42
3
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Secretory and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells. Nascent polypeptide chains, which are translated on the rough ER, are translocated to the ER lumen and folded into their native conformation. When protein folding is inhibited because of mutations or unbalanced ratios of subunits of hetero-oligomeric pro-teins, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER in an event called ER stress.
20p
galaxyss3
21-03-2013
26
3
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Proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are properly folded with the assistance of ER chaperones. Malfolded proteins are disposed of by ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). When the amount of unfolded protein exceeds the folding capacity of the ER, human cells acti-vate a defense mechanism called the ER stress response, which induces expression of ER chaperones and ERAD components and transiently attenuates protein synthesis to decrease the burden on the ER.
29p
galaxyss3
21-03-2013
52
5
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Bacterial biofilms are regarded to be the primary aetiological factor in the initiation of gingival inflammation and subsequent destruction of periodontal tissues (Offenbacher 1996) and three major specific pathogens have been repeatedly identified as etiologic agents, namely Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) (Socransky et al. 1998).
28p
pt_1669
27-03-2012
400
145
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