Yield variation of rice selections

The present investigation was carried out to estimate different genetic parameters in ricebean germplasm of NW Himalayas. Forty germplasm lines of rice bean were evaluated for yield and its components in Kharif, 2015 at the experimental farm of CSKHPKV, Palampur. High PCV and GCV was observed for seed yield/plant, plant height, pod length, pods/cluster and clusters/plant indicating the role of these characters for effective selection.

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This study was therefore conducted to select potential genotypes and to identify the most important characters for breeding programmes by exploiting the genetic variation, heritability, and diversity analysis of yield and related attributes of 34 rainfed rice genotypes.

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An experiment was framed to study the variability, nature of gene action and number of genes controlling the characters in bacterial blight and blast resistance genes introgressed three backcross population in rice. Mean variation was high for number of grains and plant height for all the crosses. The characters like plant height, number of productive tillers and number of grains were showed complementary gene interaction for all back cross population. While for thousand grain weight and single plant yield were explained complementary gene interactions in two backcross populations.

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The experimental was carried out at Indian Institute of Rice Research Farm, ICRISAT, Patencheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, during Rabi, 2014-2015 in order to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in two hundred genotypes of rice. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters indicating sufficient variability existed in the present material selected for the study.

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For the establishment of the distinctness among 31 accessions of Oryza glaberrima, eight morphological traits following Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability test (DUS) studied. Out of 31 accessions studied, two accessions viz., EC861804, EC861805 were found to be highly distinct as they possessed distinct traits namely purple split ligule, medium green leaves, erect flag leaf, presence of awn along with lodging tolerance indicating their usefulness as donors for crop improvement programmes. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all the characters studied.

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Nitrogen use efficiency is considered as one of the most yield limiting factor for the rice production in all the rice growing regions of the world. This experiment was conducted to investigate the variation in nitrogen use efficiency of rice cultivars, the selection of rice cultivars with high nitrogen use efficiency, and the relationships of nitrogen use efficiency with the growth characteristics under non-limiting conditions of factors like water, fertilizer inputs.

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An investigation with fourteen genotypes grown under water saving aerobic condition revealed significant difference for all the characters studied except for 1000-grain weight. Number of tillers, and grain yield recorded high phenotypic and high genotypic coefficient of variability. All the characters studied exhibited high heritability and characters like, number of tillers, grain yield and fodder yield recorded high genetic advance as percent over mean.

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The diversity of rice germplasm is the base of rice improvement programmes. Various agromorphological traits of five randomly selected plans were recorded for the evaluation of 36 green super rice germplasm. Analysis of variance indicated difference among genotypes were highly significant for the entire traits under studied, this indicated that these genotypes have sufficient amount of variation.

8p kethamoi4 16-04-2020 8 1   Download

An experiment was framed to know the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and character association among the lines homozygous dominant for gall midge resistance gene Gm4 in the genetic background of ADT 38 variety of rice in advanced backcross (BC1F5) generation of rice. The Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied. High GCV coupled with high PCV was exhibited by single plant yield. This result creates scope for selection of superior segregants.

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The experiment was conducted in randomized block design replicated thrice, for the evaluation of thirteen quantitative traits in twenty rice genotypes. Significant difference for all the quantitative traits was observed among the genotypes indicating presence of variability and scope of selection. Higher estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits reflected influence of environmental factor on these traits with variable influence.

9p trinhthamhodang1212 06-04-2020 16 1   Download

Information regarding genetic variation for drought attributes, their heritability and genetic advance coupled with association of different component traits among themselves and with grain yield are of immense help to breeder for selection of parents in hybridization programme. Phenotypic variation does not directly indicate its usefulness for selection in order to obtain genetic improvement unless the genetic fraction of variation is known.

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Pattern of segregation and performance of selected F5 individuals were studied in 21 different F5 families which were derived from eight crosses in rice. Pattern of segregations in different F5 populations revealed moderate to wide range of genetic variation with respect to grain yield and yield components as well as other quantitative characters.

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The genetic parameters were studied to generate information on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance among 22 advanced breeding lines including two checks at the experimental Farm of College of post graduate studies, CAU (Imphal), Umiam, Meghalaya during Kharif 2017. Analysis of variance indicated the existence of significant differences among the genotypes for most of the characters.

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Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India and every fourth farmer in the country comes from here. Hence, one cannot expect the farmers‟ welfare in India without considering the farmers of Uttar Pradesh. About 17 per cent of total food grain production of the country comes from Uttar Pradesh. Agriculture in Uttar Pradesh is less lucrative as it is characterized by low crop yield, mainly fine cereals (rice and wheat) and high interregional variation. The state is also divided into 9 agro-climatic zones. The eastern region of Uttar Pradesh consists of three agro-climatic zones.

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Transgressive segregation produces hybrid progeny phenotypes that exceed the parental phenotypes. Unlike heterosis, extreme phenotypes caused by transgressive segregation are heritably stable. Maximum genetic variation in F2 generation provides the first opportunity for selection of individual plants, any one of which may end up into a new cultivar. F2 plants that surpassed the parental limits were observed in both the crosses for all the traits viz.

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A study was undertaken to find out the genetic variability and correlation between yield and other yield attributing characters of rice genotypes of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. The experiment was conducted with fifty four genotypes grown during Wet season under transplanted condition in a randomized complete block design. Analysis of variance shows significance in all the traits indicating the presence of considerable amount of genetic variation among the genotypes.

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The present investigation consists of 80 rice genotypes with seven checks and the experiment was conducted during Kharif-2017 in Randomized Block Design with two replications. The data were recorded for twelve quantitative characters to estimate the variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as percentage and association analysis.

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Iron and Zinc are the key ingredient in human nutrition, soil and crop management. Rice is the major dietary source for the population in India but it is deficient in iron and zinc. An effort was made to quantify the iron and zinc content in brown, white and cooked white rice and to study the effect of nucleotide variations in genes associated with zinc. 14 genotypes were selected and grown in field at UAS, GKVK in RCBD, during Kharif-2014. Quality parameter zinc in brown rice showed negative effect on yield.

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