Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs

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Adjective is a word which modifies a noun or pronoun (called the adjective’s subject) by describing, identifying or quantifying words.Adj are attributive when they premodify nouns: appear between the determiner and the head of noun phrase.Adjective is a word which modifies a noun or pronoun (called the adjective’s subject) by describing, identifying or quantifying words.

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Nội dung Text: Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs

LOGO www.themegallery.com Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs Presented by “HORIZON” group Group members Nguyen Huyen Linh Tran Thi Thuy Trinh Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Tran Bao Ngoc
LOGO www.themegallery.com The first presenter
CONTENT A Adjectives content B Adjective phrase& adjectival complementation C Adverbs D Comparison of adjectives and adverbs www.themegallery.com
Adjectives  1. Definition and classification of adjectives  2. Functions of adjectives www.themegallery.com
1a. Definition of adjective:  Adjective is a word which modifies a noun or pronoun (called the adjective’s subject) by describing, identifying or quantifying words.  Every adjective answers one of 3 questions: www.themegallery.com
adjective Which one is it? What kind is it? Three questions How many are there? www.themegallery.com
 1. Which one is it? (Describing) Eg: The students who have not prepared for English class sit out an hour in the cafeteria Which students? Not good students but lazy slackers  2. What kind is it? (Identifying) Eg: I like green tea What kind of tea do you like?  3. How many are there? Eg: There are 48 students in our class. How many students are there in your class? www.themegallery.com
1b.Classification of adjectives  Their structure  2 kinds:  . Adjectives that are the roots Eg: good, fat, little, young, hot…  .Adjectives formed by some suffixes: Eg: Adj =N+ “ ous”: humor - humorous “ful” : beauty - beautiful www.themegallery.com
V+ “ive” : act - active “able”: read - readable  .Notes: “-ing”: property of something (Eg: This book is so interesting) “-ed”: someone’s feeling or opinion (Eg: I found it interested when going out with him) www.themegallery.com
 Their meaning  2 kinds  Descriptive adjectives  Size: small, big, medium…  Property: fat, good, bad…  Color: red, blue, green, black…  Limiting adjectives www.themegallery.com
 Limiting adjectives  Quantity: many, some, any, (a) few, (a) little…  Possessive: my, your, their, his, her, its…  Indicative: that, this, those…  Order: 1st, 2nd… 20th…  “Article: a, an, the is considering as an adjective” www.themegallery.com
Possessive B Quantity A C Indicative Limiting adjectives Article E D Order www.themegallery.com
LOGO www.themegallery.com )
Attributive and predicative  Adj are attributive when they premodify nouns: appear between the determiner and the head of noun phrase Eg: the lovely cat  Predicative adj can be +subject complement: My hat is beautiful +object complement: He made her mother unhappy www.themegallery.com
 They can be complement to a subject which is a finite clause or a non –finite clause Whether he will learn is true Playing tennis isn’t easy  adj can be object complement to clause: I consider what he said untrue or Playing so hard www.themegallery.com
 The adj functioning as object complement often expresses the result of the process denoted by the verb  He pulled the window open (as a result, the window was then open) www.themegallery.com
Exercise: Modify for noun, verb, object, and subject 1.He is a nice man 2.Do you see the small green boat, which has such an old shape 3.She wore her shirt short 4.The weather becomes cold 5.Her hair was dyed blonde 6.We should keep our room clean and tidy www.themegallery.com
Verb less adjective clause  An adj (alone or as head of an adj phrase) can function as a verb less clause, the clause is mobile, though it usually precedes or follows the subject of the super ordinate clause;  Eg: (By then) happy, she opened the gift  She, (by then) happy, opened the gift  She opened the gift, by then happy www.themegallery.com
 The implied subject is usually the subject of sentence. Thus, while we have Eg: The man restrained the woman, who was aggressive We do not have as its equivalent *the man restrained the woman, aggressive www.themegallery.com
 However, if the clause contains additional clause constituents, its implied subject can be other than the subject of the sentence: Eg: She glanced with disgust at the cat, quiet (now) in her daughter’s lap www.themegallery.com

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