Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 năm 2021-2022 (Hệ 10 năm) - Trường THCS Nguyễn Đức Cảnh

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"Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 năm 2021-2022 (Hệ 10 năm) - Trường THCS Nguyễn Đức Cảnh" hỗ trợ các em học sinh hệ thống kiến thức cho học sinh, giúp các em vận dụng kiến thức đã được học để giải các bài tập được ra. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo!

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Nội dung Text: Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 năm 2021-2022 (Hệ 10 năm) - Trường THCS Nguyễn Đức Cảnh

TRƯỜNG THCS NGUYỄN ĐỨC CẢNH ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ II MÔN ANH LỚP 8 HỆ 10 NĂM NĂM HỌC 20212022 A.GRAMMAR ( NGỮ PHÁP ) I. Conditional sentences type 1. (Câuđiềukiệnloại 1) IF CLAUSE ( Mệnhđề If ) MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnhđềchính ) If + S + V (s/es) S + will/ won’t + V ( bare infinitive ) S+ can/must/ may/ might+ V( bare infinitive ) II. Conditional sentences type 2. (Câuđiềukiệnloại 2) IF CLAUSE (Mệnhđề If ) MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnhđềchính ) If +S + Ved/2 S + would / could/might + V(infinitive) If + S + were S + wouldn’t / couldn’t +V (infinitive) III .The past perfect .(Thìquákhứhoànthành ) (+) S + had + p.p () S+ hadn’t + p.p (?) Had + s + p.p? Dấuhiệunhậnbiết:Trongcâuthườngcócáctừ: before(TRƯỚC KHI ), after(saukhi), when(khi), by the time(vàothờiđiểm), by the end of + time in the past … IV. PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) Cáchchuyểntừcâuchủđộng sang câubịđộng: V. Future continuous .( THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN) (+) S + will + be + Ving () S + won’t + be + Ving (?) Shall + S + be + Ving…? 2.Usage: Thìtươnglaitiếpdiễnđượcdùngđể: .Diễntảmộthànhđộngkéodàitrongmộtthờigiannàođó ở tươnglai .Diễntảmộthànhđộngsẽxảyratrongtươnglaimàthờiđiểmkhôngcầnxácđịnh VI. Verb + to –Infinitive ; Verb + Ving Cácđộngtừphảicó VING theosau Cácđộngtừphảicó TOV1 theosau
1. deny ( từchối ) 1. agree (đồng ý ) 2. dislike ( khôngthích ) 2. ask ( hỏi , yêucầu ) 3. enjoy ( thích ) 3. decide ( quyếtđịnh ) 4. finish ( hoànthành ) 4. expect ( mongđợi ) 5. keep ( tiếptục ) 5. hope (hi vọng ) 6. mind ( phiền , ngại ) 6. learn ( học ) 7. miss (nhớ , bỏlỡ ) 7. need ( cần ) 8. postpone ( trỉhoãn ) 8. plan ( lênkếhoạch ) 9. practice (luyệntập ) 9. promise ( hứa ) 10.suggest (đềnghị ) 10.refuse ( từchối ) 11.would you mind (cólàmphiền ..ko) 11.volunteer ( tìnhnguyện ) 12.to look forward to (trôngmong ) 12.wait (đợi ) 13.to have difficulty / fun / trouble 13.want ( muốn ) 14.to have a difficult time 14. wish ( mong ) * Note:một số động từ như: love, hate, prefer có thể tuân theo cả hai : Vingvà to – V mà không đổi nghĩa VII. QUY TẮC ĐÁNH DẤU TRỌNG ÂM 1.Đánh dấu nhấn âm trên từ có âm kết thúc là –ic và al 2.Các từ có tận cùng là: ese, ee, eer, oo, oon, ique, ed, esque thì trọng âm rơi vào những từ này 3.Những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên thì trọng âm (nhấn âm) rơi vào âm tiết thứ ba từ phải sang trái. 4.Những từ có tận cùng là –ity and itive , thì trọng âm đứng trước hậu tố VIII. CAUSE VÀ EFFECT Cause Effect 1. Because /Since + Clause so + clause 2. Due to /because of + sth to cause sth / to lead to sth/ to result in sth to make sbd/sth do sth 4/PASSIVE VOICE ( Câu bị động ) a/ Simple present tense ( A ) S + V 1 /V –es /s + O + (M ) (P ) S + is /am are + p.p(Ved / V3)+ (M ) + by + O b/ Simple past tense : (A ) S+ Ved /V2 + O + ( M ) (P ) S +was /were + p.p (Ved / V3) + ( M ) + by + O c / Modal verbs : Will / Shall /Could /Must/ Should (A ) S + Modal verb +V1 + O + (M ) (P ) S + Modal verb +be +p.p + ( M ) + by + O d / Present perfect tense : ( A ) S + have /has +p.p + O + ( M ) ( P ) S + have / has + been + p.p + (M ) + by + O *Drill : Chuyển những câu sau sang bị động :
1.My father bought this house two years ago 2 .We have done these exercises carefully. 3 .People recycle car tires to make pipes. 4. The workers will build a new school in my town. 5 .Franz Gruber wrote the Christmas carol in the 19th century 6. People can reuse milk bottles for thirty times . 7. People speak English in the world . 8 .The boy has broken the classroom window. 9 .I got his letter this morning. 10. They make these cars in Japan 5.Indirect speech (Câu gián tiếp) Cách chuyển đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp: a. Thay đổi về thì Is/am/are was/ were V1/ Ves/s V2/Ved Don’t /doesn’t Didn’t Will Would Can Could Must Had to b. Thay đổi đại từ : Phụ thuộc vào chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chính I He /she We They He /She /they He /She /They c. Thay đổi từ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian This That Here There Now Then Today That day Tomorrow The next day/ the following day Cách chuyển câu hỏi Yes /No sang câu gián tiếp S+ V + O + If /Whether + S + V Said asked /wanted to know *Drill : Chuyển những câu sau sang câu gián tiếp 1. Mai said “We are going to have an English –speaking club “ 2. “I will come here tomorrow “ said Tim 3. She aksed me “Do you know him? “ 4. My friend told me “ I can repair the bike myself “ 5. My friend said “ after Tet every thing is expensive “ 6. “ Is Phong Nha Cave far from HaNoi , Lan ? “ Peter aksed 7. The teacher said to Nam “ You must study harder in English “ 8. “ Do many tourists visit Ha Long Bay every year , Nga ? “ Mary aksed 9. Nam said “ My sister likes cooking “ 10. My mother said “ I want our house to look clean and nice at Tet “ 6 /Present participle and past participle used as Adjectives a. Present participle : Ving (active meaning ) đang
b. Past participle : V –ed /V3 (passive meaning ) bị ,được *Drill : kết hợp những cặp câu sau dùng hiện tại phân từ hoặc quá khứ phân từ 1.The man is standing near the window . He is Nam 2 .A car was made in Japan . It was very expensive 3 .The film was shown on TV last night .It won the first prize in the film festival last year 4. A man is working in the garden .He is my grand father 5. A window was broken in the storm last night .It has been repaired * May/ Might B. BÀI TẬP I. Choose the word in each line that has different stress pattern. 1. A. ecology B. environment C. autography D. residential 2. A. physiography B. alternatively C. criminology D. unsuccessfully II. Find the word which has a different sound in part underlined . Read the words out loud 1. A. other B. leather C. wealthy D. brother 2. A. television B. elephant C. section D. Swedish III. Choose A, B, C, D for each gap in the following sentences. 1. Air___________, together with littering, is causing many problems in our cities today. A. pollute B. pollution C. polluting D. polluted 2. The road in front of my office is always __________ when it rains heavily. A. to flood B. flooding C. flood D. flooded 3. Singapore is famous for its __________ and green trees. A. cleanliness B. cleanly C. cleaning D. clean 4. In some English speaking countries, turkey and pudding are _____ food at Christmas. A. national B. historical C. traditional D. possible 5. The USA has a population of 304 million, and it’s the third_____ country in the world. A. smallest B. largest C. narrowest D. highest 6. The roof of the building _____________ in a storm a few days ago. A. damaged B. was damaged C. has damaged D. has been damaged 7. As soon as the floodwater ___________ down, people ____________ their houses. A. went cleaned B. had gone – cleaned C. went had cleanedD. had gone – had cleaned 9. If I were you, I … do something to prevent him from littering. A. would B. did C. will D. do
10.Earth …..............by the gravity of the Sun and orbits around it. A. holds B. is held C. is holding D. held IV. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means the same as the first one. 1. Scientists have invented new devices to help people live a longer life.New devices………… 2. I don’t have enough time , so I can’t go on holiday this summer.If ………………………….. 3/The man had a broken leg. He tried to save his wife.In spie of…………………………… 4. I can’t tell you because I don’t know the answer.If ………………………… 5. They will do the test well. They will review them all hard.If…………………………………… 18. We won’t hold the festival. It costs too much money.  If …………………… 19. The tortoise was running. The hare was sleeping. (WHILE) 20. The girl worked hard. Her stepmother wasn’t happy.  (ALTHOUGH) 21. They provided food then cleared up the debris.  After they……………………………………………………………………….. 22. “We don’t open the laboratory today.” Peter said to his colleague.  Peter asked……………………………………………………………………… 23. “Will the Earth ever be visited by aliens?” Phongsiad to Dr. Nelson. Phong…………………………………………………………………………… 24. “How and when was the universe created?” Tom asked the presenter.  Tom asked………………………………………………………………………. 25. “ Have you ever looked through a telescope?” I asked John.  I asked………………………………………………………………………… V.Give the correct tense or form of the following verbs. 1.I (watch) …………… a science fiction film on TV at 9 .00 tonight. 2. Our teacher says that new technology (make)…………. Many workers jobless in the future. 3.Look at those clouds – I think it (rain)………….. 4. If you use robots to do the housework, you (become)…….. lazy and you (not get) …………….. enough exercise. 5. People say that technology (change) ………… up entire rooms are small enough to put on desktops and into wristwatches. VI. Give the correct form of the words in brackets 1. The soil becomes ________ because of the use of so many pesticides and fertilizers. (contaminate) 2. ______________ waste spills can contaminate groundwater. (industry) 3. ________ elements have been found in both ground and underground water sources. (pollute)
4. Fish and many other animals are killed by __________________ in their habitats. (pollute) 5. Astronomers are concerned about light pollution because they have _________ in viewing activities in the sky and outer space. (difficult) VII. Use the correct form of the verb(s) given to complete each sentence. 1. The police told him to stop, but the thief kept.........(run) 2. I always remember ......... (turn) off all the lights before I leave my house. 3. What did you forget ......... (do) before you left for class this morning? 4. I have books and papers all over my desk. I need ......... (take) some time to straighten up my desk. It needs ......... (straighten) up 5. Thank you ......... (help) me carry the packages to the post office READING Question I Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Environmental pollution is a term that (1)______ to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with (2)______ gases and smoke, (3)_____ the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the (4)_____ with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings (5)_____ various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by (6)_____ junk and litter on the land and in the water. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water and soil are necessary to the (7)_____ of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and (8)_____ death. Polluted water kills fish and other (9)_____ life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s (10)_____ beautiful world. 1. A. means B. refers C. provides D. reduces 2. A. thick B. natural C. exhaust D. influent 3. A. purifies B. pumps C. sprays D. poisons 4. A. soil B. forests C. streets D. beaches 5. A. on B. in C. by D. with 6. A. spoiling B. leaving C. scattering D. gathering 7. A. survival B. environment C. development D. growth 8. A. so B. ever C. too D. even 9. A. animal B. marine C. human D. plant 10. A. nature B. natural C. naturally D. natured Question II Read the passage and answer the questions. Visual pollution has a greater effect on people than you may think. I remember when I went to a big city, I was really scared because so much graffiti on the buildings' wall. Then I looked up, and I saw a lot of power lines over my head. Although they were not dangerous, I still felt unsafe since I thought they might fall down. These things
prevented me from enjoying the beautiful sights of the city. I also remember the time when I was a student at a university. Once I was so busy with my assignments that I did not tidy my room for two weeks. Looking at the messy room caused me so much stress that I did not want to study. Then I decided to clean the room and put my thing in their proper places. I also bought a small plants and placed it in a corner of the room. These simple actions increased my motivation and helped me to focus on my learning. Questions. 1.How did the author feel when she saw the power lines? ………………………………………………………………………………………… 2.Why did she have that feeling? ………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.What was she busy with? ………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. What happened when she looked the messy room? ………………………………………………………………………………………… 5.What did she do for her room? ………………………………………………………………………………………… Question III Read the text and do the tasks Almost a hundred thousand people were killed and half a million homes destroyed as a result of an earthquake in Tokyo in 1923. The earthquake began a minute before noon when the habitants of Tokyo were cooking their midday meals. Thousand of stoves were overturned as soon as the earth began to shake . As a result, small fires broke out everywhere and quickly spread. The fire engines were prevented from going to help because many of the roads had cracked open. It was impossible to use fire fighting equipment as most of the water pipes had burst. Consequently, over ninety percent of the damage was caused by fire rather than by the collapse of buildings * These sentences are T (true ) or F ( false ) 1, A hundred thousand people were killed in Tokyo in 1923 because of an earthquake 2. The earthquake began a minute before midnight 3. The fire engines were prevented from going to help because most of the water pipes had burst 4. Over ninety percent of the damage was caused by fire C. PRACTISE FOR ORAL TEST Topic 1 Many famous places in the world, talk about the place you would like to visit Topic 2 Ways of reducing pollution at your school/in your neighborhood. Topic 3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phones? Topic 4 What are the advantages and disadvantagesof science and technology?