Đề thi học sinh lớp 12 - Sở GD&ĐT Ninh Thuận

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Mời tham khảo đề thi học sinh giỏi lớp 12 môn Hóa , Tiếng Anh của sở giáo dục và đào tạo Ninh Thuận có kèm đáp án giúp các bạn học sinh lớp 12 ôn tập, củng cố kiến thức và chuẩn bị tốt cho kì th được tốt hơn. Chúc các bạn thi tốt!

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Họ tên TS: ............................................................... Số BD: ....................... Chữ ký GT 1: ..................... SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH NINH THUẬN NĂM HỌC 2011 – 2012 Khóa ngày: 17 / 11 / 2011 (Đề thi chính thức) Môn thi: HOÁ HỌC Cấp: THPT Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian phát đề) ĐỀ: (Đề thi có 02 trang) Câu 1: (4,0 điểm) 1. Astatin là nguyên tố phóng xạ với chu kỳ bán hủy l à 8,3 giờ. Astatin được điều chế bằng 209 cách bắn hạt α vào nguyên tử 83 Bi . a) Viết phương trình hóa học tạo thành Astatin. b) Nếu xuất phát từ 1,656.10 23 nguyên tử Bi trên thì cuối cùng thu được bao nhiêu gam 211 At? Biết NA = 6,023.10 23. c) Lượng At trên sau 168 giờ còn lại bao nhiêu? 2. Ở nhiệt độ 1000 K có các cân bằng: C + CO 2 2CO K1 = 4 Fe + CO 2 FeO + CO K2 = 1,25 a) Tính áp suất riêng phần của các khí lúc cân bằng. b) Trong một bình kín chân không dung tích 20 lít ở 1000 K, người ta đưa vào 1 mol Fe, 1 mol C (graphit) và 1,2 mol CO 2. Tính số mol C và Fe lúc cân bằng. Câu 2: (4,0 điểm) 1. Có các dung dịch không ghi nhãn chứa các chất có nồng độ mol 0,1M: BaCl 2, NH4Cl, K2S, Al2(SO4)3, MgSO4, KCl, ZnCl2. Được dùng thêm dung dịch phenolphtalein, hãy nhận biết các dung dịch trên. 2. Trộn 100 ml dung dịch AgNO 3 0,05M với 100 ml dung dịch NaCl 0,1M ở 25 oC thu được dung dịch A. a) Tính thế của điện cực Ag nhúng trong dung dịch A, biết T AgCl = 2,5.10 -10 và Eo + = 0,8V . Ag Ag b) Thêm vào dung dịch A 100 ml dung dịch Na 2S2O3 0,2M. Kết tủa AgCl tan hoàn toàn tạo thành ion phức [Ag(S 2O3)2]3- và thế điện cực đo được là 0,2V. Tính hằng số β. + 2- Biết: Ag + 2S2O3 [Ag(S2O 3) 2 ]3- Câu 3: (4,0 điểm) 1. A, B, C là các hợp chất khác nhau của crom (III) với n ước và ion clo. A, B, C có cùng thành phần 19,51%Cr; 39,92%Cl v à 40,57% H 2O. A có màu tím, tan nhanh trong nư ớc cho ion phức A’ có điện tích 3+ v à 3 ion Cl -. Tất cả các ion Cl - kết tủa ngay thành AgCl khi thêm AgNO 3 vào dung dịch. B có màu xanh, tan nhanh trong nư ớc cho ion phức B’ có điện tích 2+ v à 2 ion Cl -. Cả hai ion này đều kết tủa cho AgCl. 1
C có màu lục, tan nhanh trong nước cho ion phức C’ có điện tích 1+ v à 1 ion Cl -. Ion này cho kết tủa AgCl. a) Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A, B, C. b) Vẽ cấu trúc của A’, B’, C’. 2. Nhiệt phân một muối X ở 750 oC thu được một oxit A có khối lượng phân tử bằng 0,5055 lần khối lượng muối X và hỗn hợp Y gồm hai khí B, C có tỉ khối h ơi so với H2 là 37,3335, trong đó số mol B gấp đôi số mol C. Hạ nhiệt độ xuống 20 oC thu được chất lỏng B và khí C có tỉ khối hơi so với O2 là 2. Cho hỗn hợp Y vào dung dịch NaOH dư rồi sục khí clo vào thu được hỗn hợp 2 muối. a) Xác định công thức muối X. Biết kim loại trong X c ó hóa trị II. b) Viết các phương trình hóa học của các phản ứng xảy ra. Câu 4: (4,0 điểm) 1. Ankin A có công thức phân tử C 6H10, có đồng phân quang học. Hiđro hóa ho àn toàn A thu được A’. a) Viết công thức cấu tạo của A, A’. Cho biết A’ có đồng phân quan g học không? b) Ankin B cũng có công thức phân tử C 6H10. B tác dụng với H 2 (xúc tác Ni, t o) thu được 2-metylpentan. B không tác d ụng với dung dịch AgNO 3/NH3. B tác dụng với H 2O (xúc tác HgSO4, to) tạo chất C 6H12O (B’). Xác định công thức cấu tạo B v à B’. c) Hiđro hóa B (xúc tác Pd/PbCO 3, to) thu được chất C. Chất C tác dụng với H 2SO4 rồi thủy phân tạo thành chất D. Viết công thức cấu tạo của C, D. Biết C, D l à sản phẩm chính. Cho biết C là đồng phân cis hay trans? d) Tách nước chất D với xúc tác H 2SO4 đặc và đun nóng. Viết phương trình hóa học và nêu sản phẩm chính. Cho biết t ên cơ chế phản ứng. 2. Hợp chất A (C 5H8O) là một anđehit không no quang hoạt. Khi cho A tác dụng với C6H5MgBr rồi thủy phân trong môi trường axit thì thu được chất B (C 11H14O). B phản ứng với BH3 được sản phẩm, cho sản phẩm phản ứng với H 2O2/OH- thu được C. Khi C phản ứng với axit cromic thì thu được D (C 11H12O3). Khử D bằng hỗn hống Zn/Hg trong HCl th ì thu được chất E. Đun E với H 3PO3 thì thu được một xeton vòng F (C 11H22O). Hãy viết công thức cấu tạo của các chất từ A đến F. Câu 5: (4,0 điểm) 1. Oxi hóa D-glucozơ bằng dung dịch HNO 3 loãng ở 100 oC thì thu được hỗn hợp sản phẩm, từ đó tách ra được 4 chất A, B, C, D. Cho biết: M A=210 đvC, M B=MC=192 đvC, M D=174 đvC. a) Xác định công thức phân tử của A, B, C, D. b) Hãy viết công thức Fisơ của A, B, C, D. c) Viết phương trình hóa học của phản ứng xảy ra khi oxi hóa D -glucozơ bằng HIO 4. 2. Bảng dưới đây cho biết khối lượng riêng (g/ml) ở 20oC của các dung dịch etanol trong nước có nồng độ phần trăm etanol từ 50 – 100%: Nồng độ phần trăm 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Khối lượng riêng 0,9138 0,8911 0,8677 0,8434 0,8180 0,7893 a) Hãy nhận xét về sự biến thiên khối lượng riêng của dung dịch etanol theo nồng độ v à giải thích. b) Bằng tính toán đối với dung dịch etanol 50%, h ãy chứng minh: “Thể tích etanol + Thể tích n ước > Thể tích dung dịch” Giải thích nguyên nhân dẫn đến kết quả trên. c) Tính độ rượu của dung dịch etanol 50% ở bảng tr ên ------- HẾT ------- 2
Họ tên TS: ................................ ........................ Số BD: ........................ Chữ ký GT 1: ......................... SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH NINH THUẬN NĂM HỌC 2011 – 2012 Khóa ngày: 17 / 11 / 2011 (Đề chính thức) Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH - Cấp THPT Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian phát đề) ĐỀ: (Đề thi gồm 08 trang) I. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (6/20 points) Part 1: Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence: 1. What Father said was brief and _____. A. to the point B. on the point C. up to a point D. in point 2. The illness spread _____ all our attempts at keeping it in check. A. regardless B. despite C. contrary D. against 3. Do you think I have any chance of ge tting _____ my driving test? A. over B. through C. off D. with 4. Freda: Do you know our city at all? Barry: No, it’s the first time I _____ here. A. have been B. was C. had been D. am coming 5. One of the engineers who _____ over there _____ my uncle. A. is standing / is B. are standing / is C. are standing / was D. is standing / was 6. He wants a job in _____ he can apply his foreign languages. A. where B. that C. which D. what 7. Because of the poor harvest, wheat price have _____ in the last six months. A. grown up B. jumped up C. gone up D. sprung up 8. Sarah: What’s your brother doing now? Has he got _____ good job? Laura: Yes, he’s _____ soldier. He’s in _____ army. A. a / a / the B. the / a / the C. a / the / the D. the / a / a 9. I have lived near the railway for so long now that I’ve grown _____ to the noise of the trains. A. familiar B. accustomed C. unconscious D. aware 10. _____ of our class, I would like to wish you a Happy Teacher’s Day. A. Instead B. In place C. On account D. On behalf 11. The civil servant _____ his post because he disagreed with the Minister . A. gave in B. gave out C. gave off D. gave up 12. My brother is a parachute _____. A. trainer B. teacher C. educator D. instructor 13. This time tomorrow _____ by my swimming pool. A. I’m relaxing B. I’ll be relaxing C. I relax D. I’m relaxed 14. You thought I did wrong but the results _____ my action. A. agree B. justify C. prove D. approve 1/8
15. INVITATION CARD: We would like to request the pleasure of your _____. A. acquaintance B. participation C. arrival D. company 16. ANNOUNCEMENT: Passengers for Rome should _____ to Terminal 3 for boarding. A. approach B. contact C. proceed D. reach 17. Don’t come to the station to see me _____ . Let’s say goodbye here. A. for B. out C. off D. in 18. Bob spent fifteen months alone on his yacht. Ann, _____ , took care of the children on her own. A. meanwhile B. nevertheless C. otherwise D. furthermore 19. On arrival _____ the broadcast station, they were taken to an interview room. A. at B. in C. to D. from 20. She wasn’t paying attention and crashed ______ a parked car. A. with B. down C. over D. into Part 2: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write their correct forms. (0) has been done as an example. (0). marvel marvelous THE ABC OF COOKING It’s a marvel idea for children to do some cooking at an early age. Generally (0) marvelous spoken, most children can’t wait to help in the kitchen and love getting (1) _____ involved on the preparation of their meals. They should be encouraged to do (2) _____ so, and care should be taken to ensure they enjoy the experience. It was (3) _____ important to show them how to do thing correctly but they shouldn’t be (4) _____ criticized too many. Although the finished result may not be quite to your (5) _____ liking, the young cook will undoubtedly find it quiet the tastiest food he or (6) _____ she has never eaten. (7) _____ Kitchens can, of course, be dangerous place and so the absolute importance (8) _____ of keep an eye on children at all times cannot be emphasized too heavily. (9) _____ Sharp knives, for example, should be avoided until children are enough old to (10) _____ handle them safely. Part 3: Write the correct FORM of e ach bracketed word to fit each space. (0) has been done as an example. (0) EXTREME extremely THE LONDON UNDERGROUND MAP The London underground map is (0) _____ (EXTREME) well-designed. Simple, easy to understand and (1) _____ (ATTRACT), it performs its primary task of guiding both inhabitants and (2) _____ (TOUR) round the underground system in London very well. The man behind this great (3) _____ (ACHIEVE) was called Henry Beck, an (4) _____ (EMPLOY) of the London Underground Drawing Office, who designe d the map in 1931. The design of the map showed 2/8
great (5) _____ (ORIGINAL) because it represented a complex network of (6) _____ COMMUNICATE) clearly. This design was later used by most of the world’s underground systems. The map used before 1931 was messy and (7) _____ (CLEAR) So Beck decided to sketch out a better one using a diagram rather than a (8) _____ (TRADITION) map. This new map was an enormous (9) _____ (SUCCEED) with the public when, in 1933, it made its (10) _____ (APPEAR) on underground platfo rms and at station entrance. II. READING (6.5/20 points) Part 1: Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C, D best fits each space. Clean freshwater resources are essential for drinking, bathing, cooking, irrigation, industry, and for plant and animal (1) ____. Unfortunately, the global supply of freshwater is (2) ____ unevenly. Chronic water shortages (3) ____ in most of Africa and drought is common over much of the globe. The (4) ____ of most freshwater supplies - groundwater (water located below the soil surface), reservoirs, and rivers - are under severe and (5) ____ environmental stress because of overuse, water pollution, and ecosystem degradation. Over 95 percent of urban sewage in (6) ____ countries is (7) ____ untreated into surface wa ters such as rivers and harbors; About 65 percent of the global freshwater supply is used in (8) ____ and 25 percent is used in industry. Freshwater (9) ____ therefore requires a reduction in wasteful practices like (10) ____ irrigation, reforms in agriculture and. industry, and strict pollution controls worldwide. 1. A. survive B. survived C. surviving D. survival 2. A. delivered B. distributed C. provided D. given 3. A. exist B. lie C. show D. stay 4. A. resources B. springs C. sources D. starting 5. A. ascending B. increasing C. growing D. climbing 6. A. growing B. miserable C. poverty D. developing 7. A. discharged B. recharged C. charged D. discharging 8. A. farming B. planting C. agriculture D. growing 9. A. reservation B. conservation C. preservation D. retention 10. A. ineffective B. illogical C. irrational D. inefficient Part 2: Fill in the blanks with ONE missing word: (10 words / 1 point) Shades of Meaning When we decide to choose a colour for anythin g - whether it's a T-shirt or a cover for a mobile phone - our brains have to work very hard. In order for us to (1) _____ a choice that feels right, the brain has to process various bit of information. 3/8
There are various (2) _____ which make each of us lik e or dislike certain colours. Firstly, our brains consider (3) _____ associations. These are completely personal and are a (4) _____ of our individual experiences. Particular colours call to mind certain memories which may be connected to a place, a (5) _____ or an experience. For example, we may associate red with the warmth of a fire or a (6) _____ childhood sweater. Blue and green may remind us of holidays and (7) _____ weekends in the country. Secondly, there is evidence to show that di fferent colours (8) _____ our nervous system in different way. Red can actually raise the level of adrenaline in our body. This is why energetic people are drawn to red and also (9) _____sports cars are traditionally this colour. On the other hand, blue and green are passive colours which have a relaxing (10 ) _____ on the nervous system and attract people who like to feel completely at ease. Part 3: Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow by choosing A, B, C, or D to indicate your answer which you think fits best. Constellations Line Look at the stars in the night sky. Do some of them seem to form patterns or 1 designs? Can you see animals, people, or objects? These patterns are called 2 constellations. 3 A) Constellations are not real animals, people, or objects. W e imagine them 4 to help us make a map of the sky. On a dark night, you can see almost 1,500 stars. 5 Trying to distinguish which is which can be difficult. Constellations make it easier for 6 us to identify stars. 7 People began seeing patterns in the stars abou t 6,000 years ago. B) Three of 8 the first constellations they imagined were a lion, a bull, and a scorpion. In ancient 9 times, farmers used constellations to know which month it was. We can see some 10 constellations only one season each year. Farmers knew it was time to plant when they 11 saw a certain constellation. They knew it was time to harvest when they saw a different 12 one. 13 C) People in different countries can look at the same constellation and 14 imagine different things. Someone in China might think a co nstellation looks like a 15 dragon. Someone in Australia might think the same pattern is a horse. Each country has 16 its own ideas. Many constellations get their names from the myths of ancient Greece 17 and Rome. A constellation called Aquarius is named after a G reek boy who carried 18 water. A constellation called Taurus is named after a god who came to earth as a bull. 19 Constellations are not stationary. The stars in them are gradually moving. It is difficult 20 to know the boundaries of many constellations. In 1929, I nternational astronomers, 21 scientists who study stars, agreed on official boundaries for the 88 constellations that 22 exist today. D) 23 However, by the time your children grow up, these boundaries could change. 24 We might also find new constellations. We will always use our imaginations to help 25 understand the world around us. 26 1. According to the passage, about how many constellations exist today? A. 90 B. 100 C. 1,500 D. 6,000 4/8
2. All of the following are true EXCEPT that _____. A. constellations have a long history B. scientists agree on constellation boundaries C. constellations are groups of stars D. constellations never change 3. This passage mainly discusses _____. A. the names of constellations B. the history of constellations C. how to see constellations C. Greek and Roman myths 4. What does the word "which" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Constellations B. Maps C. People D. Stars 5. In paragraph 3, the word "one" in the last sentence refers to a _____. A. farmer B. star C. season D. constellation 6. Based on information in paragraph 2, we can infer that _____. A. there are only 1,500 stars B. we can see different numbers of stars depending on how bright the moon is C. all constellations are animals D. we need a map of the sky to see the stars 7. Based on the information in paragraph 3, what can we infer about ancient farmers? A. They were not very intelligent. B. They did not have calendars. C. They worked very hard. D. They grew food. 8. As used in paragraph 3, what is the meaning of the word "ancient"? A. Old B. Modern C. Prehistoric D. Good 9. The word "boundaries" as used in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. Dimensions B. Properties C. Borders D. Shapes 10. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage: Some of these constellations were the same ones as recognized in ancient times. Where would the sentence best fit? Choos e the square [ ] where the sentence should be added to the passage. A. line 4 B. line 8 C. line 14 D. line 23 Part 4: Read the following passage and do the tasks below. Paragraph 0: __________ The need for a satisfactory education is more important t han ever before. Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the chances of landing that highly desired job advertised in the paper are considerably lessened . Moreover, one's present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements. Paragraph 1: __________ It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge. The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants, and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds. 5/8
Paragraph 2: __________ Striving to become better educated is hardly a new concept. Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge. Working adults have long attend ed night schools and refresher courses. Competition for employment has been around since the curse of working for a living began. Is the present situation so very different to that of the past? Paragraph 3: __________ The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within. A student at a comprehensive school receiving low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case. Similarly, in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part -time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still. In fact, in these cases, the expectation is for careers to go backwards and earning capacit y to take a noticeably large drop. Paragraph 4: __________ At first glance, the situation would seem to be laudable; a positive response to the encouragement of politicians for us all to raise our intellectual standards and help improve the level of intelligence within the community. Yet there are serious consequences according to at least one educational psychologist. Dr. Brendan Gatsby has caused some controversy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms 'paper excellence' might cause more p roblems than it is supposed to solve. Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general. Paragraph 5: __________ He believes the extra workload involved is resulting in abnormally high stress levels in both students at comprehensive schools and adults studying after working hours. Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a sought -after job are being overlooked by employers not interviewing candidates without qualifications on paper. These tw o areas of concern for the individual are causing physical as well as emotional stress. Paragraph 6: __________ Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby's comments regarding university standards have been roundly critic ised as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Britain's education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of any in the world. MATCHING HEADINGS: Match the headings given from A -H to the paragraphs in the text. The first paragraph has been done for you . (The headings outnumber the paragraphs, so you will not use all of them). Paragraph 0: C: The value of education in securing employment. A: Pressure to perform well at school and continue study while working. B: Questions raised concerning the over -emphasis placed on paper qualifications. C: The value of education in securing employment. D: Competition in the workplace increasing the need for higher qualifications. E: Doubts as to whether competition is a modern phenomenon. F: Reaction to criticism of perceived bias towards paper qualifications. G: Causes of concern for the individual. H: Positive response to the urging of educationalists to increase learning. 6/8
1. Paragraph 1: __________ 2. Paragraph 2: __________ 3. Paragraph 3: __________ 4. Paragraph 4: __________ 5. Paragraph 5: __________ 6. Paragraph 6: __________ Write T if the statement is true according to the passage; F if the statement is not true, and NG if the information is not given in the passage. 7. There are social consequences of the push for further education. ______ 8. The word ‘bias’ in paragraph 4 means ‘certificate’. ______ 9. The writer highly appreciates Britain’s education system . ______ III. WRITING (7.5/20 points) Part 1: Sentence transformation: A. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the original sentence, using exactly the words given: Example: Immediately after winning the race, Sandy began training for the next one. (HAD) - No sooner had Sandy won the race than she began training for the next one. 1. Susan regrets not buying that house. (WISHES) ................................................................................................................................................ 2. There is no ice-cream left. (RUN) ................................................................................................................................................ 3. Everyone thought the book was written by the prin cess herself. (HAVE) ..................................................................................................................................................... 4. You are not to leave the hospital under any circumstances. (NO) ..................................................................................................................................................... 5. I can't lift this table on my own. (UNLESS) ........................................................................... .......................................................................... B. Finish each of the sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. “Please don’t drive too fast!” Kathleen told her boyfriend. - Kathleen begged ................................................................................................................... 2. How long has this roof been leaking ? - When .................................................................................................................................... ? 3. Provided your handwriting is legible, the examiners will accept your paper. - So long as the examiners .................................................................. ....................... ................. 4. As one grows older one becomes more intolerant. - The older ............................................................................................................................. 5. Although his mother advised him, he didn’t give up gambling. - Despite his ............................................................................................................................ 7/8
Part 2: A. Describing graphs: The bar chart below presents some information about visitor arrivals in Singapore from USA, France and Australia in 2009 and 2010 . Write a report describing the information shown below . (You should write about 120 words ) VISITOR ARRIVALS IN SINGAPORE 880.6 900 830.3 800 700 600 500 417.2 370.7 400 300 200 119.7 130.5 100 0 2009 2010 USA 370.7 417.2 France 119.7 130.5 Australia 830.3 880.6 (Source: Yearbook of Statistics Singapore, 2011) B. Composition: Write a composition of about 280 words on the following topic. Using a computer everyday can have more negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge o r experience. THE END 8/8