Determination and evaluation of gross alpha and beta activity concentrations and metal levels in thermal waters from Ankara, Turkey

The gross α and β activity concentrations in the thermal waters of Karakaya-Aya¸s, ˙I¸cmece-Aya¸s, Beypazarı (Dutluk-Tahtalı), Haymana, and Kızılcahamam spas in Ankara Province were measured by MPC-9604 multi-detector α/β counting system. Ranges of activity concentrations found were from 0.09 to 2.58 Bq L−1 for gross α and from 0.25 to 2.61 Bq L−1 for gross β. The ranges of minimum detectable concentrations for gross α (0.05–0.41 Bq L−1 ) and for gross β (0.04–0.29 Bq L−1 ) were obtained.