Development of haploid and double haploid in fruit crops - A review

Homozygosity at a particular locus is always desirable feature for crop improvement programs. Breeding is one of the approaches to attain this but it requires minimum 6-7 cropping years. Due to this limitation it is only feasible in annuals. As most of the fruit crops are not annuals, they grow in vegetative phase for 5-6 year before flowering to come. Hence, to achieve homozygosity through breeding approaches is not feasible in them. Use of haploid to produce double haploid is one of the potent approaches to overcome this lacuna. Haploid can be either produce through androgenesis or gynogenesis, androgenesis being most used approach. Here we review the applications of haploid and double haploid production in fruit crops.