Điện hạt nhân giải phóng cơn khát điện ở châu Á

THE GIfilVA VAN OE NANG'<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Dien hat nhan giai phong<br /> cdn khat dien o^ chau A<br /> Ddi vdi khu vUc Ddng Nam A, nhu cau nang lu'dng dang tren da tang<br /> vpt ddi hdi cac nudc phai cap tdc tim phUdng each dap U'ng.Trong<br /> cudc hdi thao gan day tai Singapore, cac chuyen gia tham dmh rang:<br /> TiS nay den nam 2030, nhu cau nang lu'dng cua toan vung chau A -<br /> Thai Binh Dudng se tang 2,4% mdi nam.Tdc dp nay gap ddi so vdi<br /> nhu cau cua cac nudc cdn lai tren the gidi.TCr Singapore, Indonesia,<br /> Malaysia, cho den Thai Lan, Philippines vaViet Nam, trong thdi gian<br /> gan day, van de dien nguyen tu" da t r d thanh trpng tam xem xet.<br /> <br /> trudng n h u vu tran d i u d vinh Mexico cflng iJiu<br /> Nhu cau cao<br /> tinh trang khi thai C 0 2 tang cao. Theo Hiep hdi<br /> Chau A vdi ty le tang trudng cao n h i t t h i gidi<br /> Hat nhan t h i gidi ed tru sd dat tai London, hien d<br /> dang dat ra v i n d l phat triin nang lugng hat nhan<br /> vi ngudn nang lugng hda thach ( d i u md) dang ehau A cd 37 Id p h a n iing hat nhan ldn dang dugc<br /> ngay cang can kiet eung vdi tham hpa ve mdi xay dung so vdi 18 Id d phan cdn lai cua the gidi.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 3 0 I NANG LUpNG VIET NAM So 65 (7/2010)<br /> Tdng sd Id phan iing hat nhan dang hoat ddng d 5 Hp cflng hoai nghi v l nlian thiic cln thiit phai bao<br /> nudc trong khu vuc nay la 106 Id. Trung Qud'c, mdt dam an toan tuyet ddi cho cac nlia may dien hat<br /> cudng qudc mdi ndi v l dien hat nhan cflng cd k l nhan trong mdt khu vuc thudng xuyen bi thien tai<br /> hoach tang san lugng dien hat nhan len g i p 8 lin nhu ddng dat, niii lua hay bao td de dpa. Tham<br /> vao nam 2020, tuong duong vdi 70GW. Trung hpa ddi vdi con ngudi do vu nd nha may<br /> Qudc la thi trudng tieu thu dien ldn thii nhi t h i Tchernobyl d Ukraina vao nam 1986 la mdt canh<br /> gidi sau My. Nam 2007, Trung Qudc tung dat muc bao hau qua khdc liet ma viec chay theo dien<br /> tieu tang cdng s u i t dien hat nhan len 40GW vao nguyen tir cd the gay ra. Theo To chiic Hda binh<br /> cudi nam 2020 nhung gid day muc tieu nay cd thi Xanh, tdt nhat Ddng Nam A nen phat huy cac<br /> dat sdm hon 5 nam nen hp dat ra muc tieu cao hon. ngudn nang lupng tai tao r i t ddi dao trong vung<br /> nhu dia nhiet hay dien mat trdi, thay vi mao h i l m<br /> Hien Trung Qudc cd 11 Id phan u'ng hat nhan phat<br /> vao eon dudng nang lugng hat nhan.<br /> dien dang hoat ddng vdi tdng cdng s u i t 9GW, ehi<br /> chiim tren 1% trong tdng san lugng dien 874GW Tuy nhien, ddi vdi nhflng ngudi bao ve dien<br /> ciia nudc nay, cdn dien san x u l t tu than da chiim nguyen tir thi cac trd ngai ndi tren khdng phai<br /> d i n 3/4. Du kiln d i n nam 2020, Trung Qudc se cd khdng thi vugt qua. Theo ba Martine Letts, Phd<br /> 28 nha may dien hat nhan. Giam ddc Vien Nghien ciiu qudc te Lowry a<br /> Sydney, Australia: "Khdng cd ly do gi d l khang<br /> Ddi vdi khu vuc Ddng Nam A, nhu c l u nang dinh cac trung tam dien hat nlian d Ddng Nam A<br /> lugng dang tren da tang vpt ddi hdi cac nude phai nguy hilm hon cac noi khac". Viet Nam dugc qudc<br /> d p tdc tim phuong each dap iing. Trong cudc hdi te danh gia la mgt dien hinh tdt trong linh vuc nay<br /> thao g i n day tai Singapore, cac chuyen gia tham khi da tao nen tang cho cac nha may dien nguyen<br /> dinh ring: Tir nay d i n nam 2030, nhu c l u nang tii tii hon 10 nam qua. Nen tang dd bao gdm hoach<br /> lupng ciia toan vung chau A - Thai Binh Duong se dinh chinh saeh, quy dinh, dao tao dpi ngfl ky su<br /> tang 2,4% mdi nam. Tdc dp nay gap ddi so vdi nhu v l cdng nghe hat nhan, an toan hat nhan va chinh<br /> cau ciia cac nudc cdn Iai tren t h i gidi. Tii saeh hat nhan.<br /> Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, cho d i n Thai Lan,<br /> Philippines va Viet Nam, trong thdi gian g i n day, Chao hang<br /> van d l dien nguyen tii da trd thanh trpng tam xem<br /> xet. Nam rd nhu cau xay dung cae nha may dien hat<br /> nhan d khu vuc Ddng Nam A ndi rieng va chau A<br /> Ngoai Viet Nam d u kien se cd nha may dien ndi chung dang rat ldn, da bat dau eupc chay dua<br /> nguyen tir d i u tien cdng s u i t 4.000MW hoat dpng giua cac nudc nham chao hang cdng nghe hat<br /> tu nam 2020, Singapore dang tien hanh nghien ciiu nhan, ndi bat len la Nga va Nhat Ban. Trong cudc<br /> kha thi ve viec thiet lap cac nha may dien nguyen hpp vira qua ciia cac bd trudng nang lugng APEC,<br /> tii. Malaysia phac thao ke hoach xay dung nha nude chu nha Nhat Ban da tranh thii mdi phai<br /> may dien hat nhan dau tien ciia nudc nay vao doan tir cac nudc Ddng Nam A d i n tham Id phan<br /> khoang nam 2021. Thai Lan va Indonesia cflng ling hat nhan Monju d Tsuruga. Monju viia mdi<br /> xem xet viec thanh lap cae trung tam dien nguyen boat ddng trd lai hdi thang 5, sau hon 14 nam gian<br /> tu, nhung dang gap phai nhflng phan iing du dpi doan do hda hoan.<br /> tir phia cac dia phuong noi chinh q u y i n mudn dat<br /> Cac quan chiic Nhat Ban khang dinh Id nay sii<br /> nha may. Ngoai khu vuc Ddng Nam A, tai<br /> dung cdng nghe phan iing tai sinh tdc dp cao cd<br /> Bangladesh, vao thang 5 vira qua, nudc nay da ky<br /> the san xuat dugc nhieu nang lugng hat nhan hon<br /> vdi Nga hiep dinh xay dung 2 nha miay dien<br /> la lugng r\hien lieu tieu thu. Cac cdng ty ve dien<br /> nguyen tii vao nam 2015. hat nhan ciia Nga cflng la ddi thii dang gdm ciia<br /> Nhat Ban trong cudc dua dau tu vao chau A.<br /> Tieu chi an toan<br /> Matxccrva ed kinh nghiem kha nhieu ve dien hat<br /> Tieu chi an toan cho cac nha may dien hat nhan nhan vi Lien Xd tiing la nudc cd nha may dien hat<br /> chinh la mpt trong nhiing y i u td chii y i u ma nhan dau tien tren the gidi, dd la Id phan ung<br /> nhiing ngudi phan ddi nang lugng nguyen tii dua Obninsk xay dung vao nam 1954. Viet Nam, An<br /> ra de chdng lai cac k l hoach xay dung nha may. Do va Bangladesh la 3 nudc chgn Nga trong viee<br /> Nhung ngudi nay lo ngai su thiiu kinh nghiem giiip xay dung cac nha may dien hat nhan dau<br /> ciia Ddng Nam A trong llnh vuc dien hat nhan, tien. Ngoai ra, cae nudc khae nhu My, EU, tham<br /> thiiu tii chuyen gia cho d i n nhan vien ky thuat chi ca Trung Qudc cflng khdng mudn cham chan<br /> lanh nghe, hay khung phap ly chat che d l quan ly tai thi trudng dien hat nhan day tiern nang d chau<br /> van de nay. A.a HUY Q u 6 c (tonghpp)<br /> <br /> <br /> So 65 (7/2010) NANG LUpNG VIET NAM \ 3 1<br />