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°*^San pham • Djch vu<br /> <br /> <br /> J<br /> LAM THE NAO DE<br /> NANG CAO HIEU QUA<br /> CHO CAC TRUNG TAM<br /> D U LIEU<br /> <br /> <br /> 1. NHU CAU XAY D U N G TRUNG TAM Uu chufc khang dinh rang phan tan ddi hdi chi phi<br /> LIEU (TTDL) TAP TRUNG qua thudng xuyen ne'u mudn dat dtfdc hieu<br /> qua va dp tin cay. Ke't qua la hp tU cam ke't<br /> Theo ke't que mdt cupc dieu tra danh chuyen ddi cac he thd'ng phan tan va phan<br /> rieng cho cac nhan vien quan tri IT, nhieu phdi thanh mdt TTDL tap trung, ndi ma hp<br /> cdng ty dang thie't ke lai cac TTDL cua hp de cd the tan dung ifu the cua nhufng tien bd mdi<br /> cai thien hieu nang va nang cao hieu qua. nhat ve cdng nghe nhu ao hda va mang WAN<br /> tdc dp cao de nang cao san lUdng diJ lieu va<br /> Mdt nha quan ly ve CNTT cho biet: thuc day hieu nang IT trong toan doanh<br /> "Chung tdi da thufc hien don gian hda mdt so nghiep.<br /> thuf tif vai nam trUdc day song chung tdi vin<br /> cd sU chdng cheo trong he thd'ng. Ha tang Thuc day quan tam de'n TTDL tap<br /> mang IT tap trung cue bd da xuat hien nhieu trung la mdt xu hudng phat trien cua CNTT,<br /> suf bat cap va khdng hieu qua, gay trd ngai bao gom viec hpp nhat TTDL, hd trd ao hda<br /> cho qua trinh kinh doanh va tang chi phi. may chu va may tinh de ban, dien toan dam<br /> Chung tdi tudng la viec xuf ly dtf lieu tap trung may, kha nang khdi phuc sau suf cd, tinh lien<br /> va quan ly mang dd'i vdi td chufc cua chung tdi tuc trong boat ddng kinh doanh (DR/TCN),<br /> la td't, nhUng thUc te chung tdi cung cd cac va kie'n true hudng dich vu (SoA). Suf dung<br /> pbdng ban nhu cac pbdng nhan sU, nhan vien nhufng chie'n lUdc nay, cac td chufc dang cd<br /> mang va cac pbdng chufc nang khac ma cd he gang cung cap hieu nang uflng dung thich hdp<br /> thdng may chu va may tinh de ban rieng cua nhat cho cdng dong ngUdi suf dung vdi cac van<br /> hp. Va chung tdi cd cac phong ban ma chi cd de phai giai quye't va chi phi tha'p nhat cd the.<br /> may tinh de ban va nhufng pbdng ban khdng<br /> cd nhan vien IT. Dieu nay dan de'n cac boat Dang tie'c, trong mdt cupc khao sat<br /> ddng khdng nhat quan va rat thieu hieu qua". dupc tien hanh trong quy 3/2008 dd'i vdi 100<br /> nhan vien quan tri IT ve van de cai thien hieu<br /> Van de ma nha quan ly CNTT tren nang cua TTDL, bang nghien cufu IDG da<br /> dufe ra khdng phai la ca biet. Sau mdt thap ky nhan thay chi phi cua TTDL dang tang nhanh<br /> cac he thdng thdng tin phan tan, nhieu td chdng va da vUdt qua cdng suat va khdng gian<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 46 SO 1 / 2 0 1 0 THONG TIN KHKT & KINH TE BUU DIEN<br />  San pham - Djch vu<br /> <br /> £4<br /> cho phep. Do do de dap ifng nbu cau phat cac khoang each ve bao mat do thieu cac<br /> trien hoat ddng, cupc khao sat cho thay, cac chinh sach nhat quan va khdng cd kha nang<br /> nha quan ly CNTT phai thiet ke lai cac TTDL ap dung, thufc thi va tich hpp cac chinh sach<br /> cua hp nham giam khdng gian, ngudn va chi khac nhau tren cac thie't bi, mang va cac he<br /> phi dau tu hon. thdng khac nhau.<br /> <br /> cAc THACH THL/C VE HIEU NANG DOI Khdi phuc sau sU co/Tinh lien<br /> veil TTDL tuc trong kinh doanh: Trong trUdng hpp<br /> gap sU cd, cac TTDL can phai cd kha nang<br /> Mac dii ndi thi cd ve ddn gian song bao ve vdi kha nang sao lufu nhat quan, tin<br /> viec nang cao hieu nang va giam chi phi cay. Dieu nay yeu cau bang thdng rat Idn va<br /> thdng qua ddn gian hda mang thufc suf la thach phai dufdc quan ly mdt each hieu qua de dam<br /> thufc. Xet cho cung, cac nha quan ly tuyen bd hieu suat va dp tin cay.<br /> mot tieu chuan khdng cd nghia la nhan vien<br /> cua hp se lam theo nd. "Gia sd chung tdi Ao hoa: ao hda nang cao viec suf dung cac<br /> chuan hda trSn Windows, nhufng chung tdi tai nguyen mang, nhufng tao ra them tinh<br /> van cdn cd Linux va Novell, mdt nha quan ly phifc tap va dat ra cac yeu cau Idn bon ve<br /> IT cua mdt doanh nghiep Idn thufa nhan: Viec QoS vdi dp tri thap. Trong so nhifng thach<br /> CO gang chuan hda tat ca nhOfng pbdng ban thufc nay, tinh phufc tap cd le la quan trpng<br /> khac nhau nay dUdng nhU khdng bao gid di nhat, do tinh phufc tap gia tang trong cac dif<br /> de'n ke't qua". Mdt so ye'u td can trd nd lUc ctia lieu se lam cham hieu nang cua ufng dung, tri<br /> cac td chufc trong viec cai thien hieu suat cua hoan viec trien khai cac ufng dung kinh doanh<br /> TTDL, bao gom: mdi va can trd nhufng cai tien. Trong cupc<br /> khao sat TTDL cua IDG, hdn mdt nufa phan<br /> Tdng trudng: Cang nhieu mang, nhieu may hoi (59%) cho biet rang mufc dp phufc tap<br /> chu va nhieu lufu truf thi cang gay ton kem trong cac mang TTDL cua cdng ty minh da<br /> khdng gian va tieu thu ngudn. Dieu nay la tang so vdi each day 12 thang va cho rang<br /> thach thufc dau tien khi phat trien TTDL. nhCfng trd ngai trong viec don gian hoa cac<br /> TTDL dang tang, day cac TTDL hudng tdi<br /> Tinh phitc tap: Nhieu thie't bi trong cac viec sd dung khdng hieu qua cac tai nguyen ha<br /> TTDL va nhieu giao thufc la nguyen nhan lam tang, tang chi phi van hanh, cung nhu gia<br /> tang suf phufc tap, lam gia tang nhu cau ve kha tang nhOfng rui ro ve bao mat va thdi gian chet<br /> nang tUdng tac va lien ke't nd'i tai tat ca cac do ldi cua con ngifdi va sU cd mang.<br /> mifc, dd la chufa ke de'n viec nd ddi hdi sU<br /> quan ly td't hon va nhieu khda dao tao khac Tat nhien, tinh phufc tap khdng chi la<br /> nhau de nam bat dUdc tdan bp he thdng. mdt van de. Thdng thUdng, nd cung la mdt<br /> trieu chufng dUdc gay ra bdi nhufng sai sdt cua<br /> Phan mem: Nhieu he thdng va ufng dung se he thd'ng khac. Vi du, 77% phan hoi trong<br /> lam tang cac van de ve quan ly, ddi hdi cac khao sat cua IDG cho biet phan mem la nhan<br /> cdng cu mdi de cd the cung cap cac ufng dung, td chinh gdp phan tao nen tinh phifc tao<br /> thie't bi, he thd'ng va cac giao thufc thdng qua trong cac mang cua TTDL. Trong khi do, gan<br /> Idn hdn. mdt niia sd phan hoi (49%) cho la tinh phufc<br /> tap thupc ve phan cufng va 4 3 % ndi rang do<br /> Bdo mat: Tinh phufc tap tang them dan den la do he dieu hanh va cac thie't bi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Q TIN KHKT & KINH TE BUU DIEN SO 1 / 2 0 1 0 47<br />  >^San pham - Djch vu<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> phuc bdi chufc nang da phUdng, Idn cho biet<br /> Giam gia<br /> "Chung tdi se phai thue va dao tao them<br /> Day manh phan phoi dich vu<br /> nhan vien cho qua trinh ao hda. Day la mdt<br /> van de Idn bdi vi cd rat nhieu thd de ao hda<br /> Ho tro cac i>ng dun0 moi<br /> va day la mdt cdng nghe kha mdi. Khdng cd<br /> Nang cao bao mat M%<br /> Id trinh tdt thi khdng the phdi hpp dUpc cung<br /> Duy tri sir hai Idng 1S%<br /> cac nha cung cap thie't bi cung nhu giai thich<br /> Nang cao kha nang mo rong 25%<br /> cho cac khach hang.<br /> Nang cao kha nang quan ly ITS.<br /> Nang cao dich VU cho ngucri<br /> sir dung tu'>ta<br /> ^o.i'w !["j RKeai'hstr.M&i<br /> Cac td chufc coi cac ufng dung nhu la<br /> mdt tai san thiet yeu. Tuy nhien, phan mem<br /> cung dat ra nbCfng thach thufc dd'i vdi viec cai<br /> Hinh 1: Nhitng thuc day hdng dau cho<br /> thien hieu nang cua TTDL dac biet la khi<br /> nhitng dau tu cdng nghe mdi<br /> phan mem trong TTDL md rong tuf cac ufng<br /> dung de'n cac he thd'ng van hanh mang. Thufc<br /> te, cd nhufng thach thufc ve tich hdp va kha<br /> TINH P H C C TAP VE CONG NGHE<br /> nang tUdng tac bat nguon tif he dieu hanh<br /> giufa cac thanh phan mang khac nhau trong<br /> Suf phat trien cua nhieu cdng nghe TTDL. Ke't qua la viec quan ly phan mem tie'p<br /> khien chung ta khdng the kiem soat dUdc suf tuc la bai toan khd giai quye't.<br /> phat trien cua may chu, be thd'ng va cac thiet<br /> bi. Chung cd the chay nhieu be dieu hanh<br /> Tuy nhien, bao mat tham chi cdn khd<br /> khac nhau va suf dung cac cdng cu quan ly<br /> giai quye't hon. Dieu nay da dUdc phan anh<br /> khac nhau, do dd viec tich hpp va thufc hien<br /> trong nghien cufu cua IDG, trong do 43%<br /> tUdng tac rat khd khan. Su "hd Idn" ve cdng<br /> phan hdi cho biet nhuftig mdi quan tam lien<br /> nghe dang lam giam hieu nang va hieu qua<br /> quan tdi bao mat, dac biet nbuYig rui ro dupc<br /> cua TTDL va lam tang chi phi.<br /> gidi thieu bdi cac cdng nghe mdi nhU ao hda.<br /> Ao hda, mdt ufu tien hang dau trong CAC THUC DAY VE KINH TE<br /> so nhufng phan hoi cua cupc khao sat, se lam Khao sat cua IDG cho thay 74% phan<br /> giam sU "bd Idn" ve cdng nghe cua TTDL bdi sin sang dau tU cho cdng nghe thdng tin<br /> nhufng nd mang tdi nhufng phufc tap mdi. La de cai thien hieu nang cua TTDL, dac biet ne'u<br /> mot cdng nghe tUdng dd'i mdi, ao hda khd dau tu nay giup giam cbi phi van hanh tha'p<br /> quan ly chinh xac, khd phii hdp vdi cac cdng hay nang cao kha nang phan phdi djch vu<br /> CU quan ly chu& chin muoi va chufa cd nhufng (66%). Cac van de khac thufc day nhufng dau<br /> dieu kien thufc te td't nhat de tie'p tuc phat tu ve IT trong TTDL d cac cdng ty nay la nhu<br /> trien. Tat nhien, cac cdng cu ao hda se phat cau de nang cao hieu suat (58%) va dap ufng<br /> trien trong tUdng lai. Trong khi chd dpi, phan nhuhg yeu cau phufc tap (53%).<br /> Idn cac td chufc (86%) cho biet hien nay dang<br /> dau tu vao ao hda may chu vdi muc dich chu Tuy nhien, giam cbi phi khdng phai la<br /> ye'u la tie't kiem chi phi. mdt muc tieu dl dang dat dupc, dac biet trong<br /> cac mdi trUdng mang TTDL ngay cang phufc<br /> Giam ddc IT cua mot hang cung cap tap hdn. Tuy nhien dii dl dang hay khdng, thi<br /> <br /> <br /> 48 SO 1 / 2 0 1 0 THONG TIN KHKT & KINH TE BUU DIEN<br />  -jSan pham - Djch vu<br /> <br /> <br /> va de dang hOn.<br /> Significant Factors Contributing to<br /> Complexity in Data Center Network - Dat dupc sU thd'ng nhat: Cac cdng ty can<br /> xem xet de cac TTDL dUpc thUc thi dl dang<br /> software 77' •<br /> hOn de dap ufng suf uy quyen cua cac cO quan<br /> Harrlvors 40"n<br /> quan ly va cac chinh sach quan ly trong ndi bp<br /> op'^ratingiyitemi 4?'% cdng ty.<br /> Devices 4V">n<br /> <br /> F.3Clllti5i ^5'.'«<br /> Thufc te', nghien cufu cua IDG thd tU<br /> dupc cac nha quan ly TTDL thUc hien de cat<br /> s^'Urce: ILO Pi»3Khi6r-/ii;e:<br /> giam chi phi nhUsau: cai thien phan phdi dich<br /> Hinh 2; Cdc nhan td chinh anh hudng vu (60%), nang cao bao mat (32%), duy tri sU<br /> den do phuc tap trong mqng TTDL tuan theo (28%) va cai thien kha nang md<br /> rong (25%).<br /> cat giam chi phi la rat can thiet. Theo de xuat<br /> khao sat cua IDG, cac to chufc hien dang cd 5. NhGng quan tam ve cong nghe TTDL<br /> gang thUc hien bat cuf viec gi de tie't kiem. Vi<br /> du, khao sat cho thay cd de'n 63% nhu cau Cac nha quan ly IT quan tam den duy<br /> thie't ke lai TTDL de cai thien bieu nang cua tri bieu nang cua cac TTDL mac dii khdi<br /> chiing. lupng cdng viec gia tang. Nhifng quan tam<br /> nay, theo cac phan hoi trong khao sat cua<br /> Dd'i vdi cac td chufc nay, cat giam chi IDG, xoay quanh cac van de sau:<br /> phi khdng chi la tie't kiem tien. Nd cdn la hd - Nhan biet va giai quye't van de nhanh: Cac<br /> trp cac cdng cu mdi de tao ra tien. Vi du, nha quan ly IT can dat dUpc kha nang quan<br /> trong so cac thuc day kinh te hang dau sau ly va tam nhin sU kien tren toan bd TTDL va<br /> nhufng sang kie'n de nang cao hieu nang cua ba tang mang<br /> TTDL, theo duf lieu cua IDG, la nhu cau xay - Mufc dp san sang cao: Cac nha quan ly IT<br /> dung pbdng de hd trp cac ufng dung mdi can kha nang truy nhap tat ca cac mufc - ufng<br /> (47%) va nhu cau ve mufc dd sin sang dung, he thd'ng, nen tang va mang.<br /> 24/7(365). - Tinh phdc tap - lien quan de'n ldi cua con<br /> ngUdi: Cac nha quan ly IT can mdt giao dien<br /> Cho dii ly do gi, khi cbi phi cua cac cung cap dl suf dung, dl hpc va nhat quan cho<br /> TTDL dang leo thang va dieu nay tat ye'u lam phep truy nhap mang va cdng nghe cua<br /> nay sinh nhu cau cat giam cbi phi. Mdt so TTDL<br /> bien phap da dUdc thufc bien nhU giam so Theo giam ddc trung tam phuc hoi chufc nang<br /> lupng thie't bi, khdng gian va ngudn tieu thu. IT, viec giai quye't van de nhanh la rat khd bdi<br /> Ngoai ra cd the thUc hien cac bien phap sau vi ban khdng biet van de gi cho den khi nd<br /> nhu nhuing sang kie'n giup cai thien TTDL: thufc sU xay ra.<br /> - Cai thien phan phdi dich vu: Nham giam tri<br /> xud'ng mufc thap nhat va tang cUdng bao mat, Khao sat cua IDG cung cho biet mot<br /> linh ddng trong md rong va dinh tuyen mang vai quan tam hang dau ve cdng nghe khac la<br /> tien tien giufa cac TTDL tam quan trpng cua mang va cac kha nang<br /> - Nang cao kha nang san xuat: Cac cdng ty quan ly hieu nang TTDL. Vi du, cac phan hoi<br /> can tang dUpc hieu qua thdng qua viec cung cho biet hp dang trien khai quan ly truy<br /> cap cac ufng dung va tai nguyen mang nhanh nhap/bao mat (58%), cac dich vu Web (58%),<br /> <br /> <br /> THONG T I N KHKT & KINH TE BUU DIEN s o 1/2010 49<br /> ^<br /> <br /> w Cong nghe-Giai phap<br /> <br /> Trong tat ca cac giai phap<br /> tren, Guhasarkar cho rang cai<br /> quan trpng nhat la hpp nhat<br /> cac thie't bi trong TTDL. Ngoai<br /> ra, theo dng viec bd bdt mdt sd<br /> thie't bi bang each xda bd cac<br /> cap chuyen mach trong TTDL<br /> se giam mufc phufc tap va tri<br /> cung nhu chi phi.<br /> <br /> Mac du viec cung cd thie't bi la<br /> mdt khdi dau td't song mdt sd<br /> td' chufc dang cd gang thufc hien<br /> dong thdi hai viec: tang kha<br /> nang thUc thi va giam gia thanh<br /> qtian ly bao mat va cac Id hdng (56%) va quan bang each tao nen nhifng thay<br /> ly TTDL (47%). ddi trong td chufc va trong viec xd ly tap trung.<br /> Mdt vi dui la md rong he thd'ng xuf ly dieu<br /> 6. Tdi iXu hoa hieu nang TTDL khien thay ddi de giup giam tdi da cac loi do<br /> con ngUdi cd the gay ra trong qua trinh<br /> chuyen ddi he thd'ng. Thufc hien cac chinh<br /> Mac dii cd nhieu thach thufc nhufng cac<br /> sach cung nhu cac thu tuc cho nhifng thay ddi<br /> td chdc, doanh nghiep vin cd the nang cao<br /> nay, bao gom viec xay dufng he thd'ng, cac<br /> bieu nang TTDL trong khi giam tdng cbi phi.<br /> thay ddi ve mang, cap nhat cac ufng dung va<br /> Cac nha cung cap thie't bi va cac chuyen gia<br /> them vao kha nang dU pbdng cho mang va he<br /> phan tich cho biet cac bUdc sau cd the giup<br /> thd'ng.<br /> cac td chufc thufc bien tdi ufu bieu nang cua<br /> TTDL:<br /> - Thie't ke lai TTDL theo quy trinh sap xep Ket luan<br /> hpp ly hda hdn<br /> - Xda bd cac cap mang cua TTDL va giam Mac dii tdi UU hda TTDL ddi hoi thdi<br /> tinh phufc tap gian va suf nd lUc va se gay xao trpn khdng chi<br /> - Thie't ke cac mang de phan phdi QoS thich de'n bd phan IT ma se anh hudng den toan bd<br /> hpp cho moi he thd'ng. ufng dung va nhdm td chufc. Song bang each cung cd va thie't ke<br /> ngUdi suf dung lai kie'n true mang TTDL, cac td chufc cd the<br /> - Hpp nhat bao mat TTDL de giam va cai thu diigc nhitng ke't qua to Idn, don gian trong<br /> van hanh, linh boat trong kinh doanh va cai<br /> thien viec quan ly chinh sach<br /> thien dang ke hieu suat. Dieu quan trpng nhat<br /> - Thuc day tinh nang dinh tuye'n tien tien de<br /> cua viec thie't ke lai he thd'ng la mang se giam<br /> hd trp hieu nang va cac yeu cau ve bao mat<br /> dupc dp tri va hieu qua hOn.<br /> - Thie't ke can hd trd kha nang tUdng tac va<br /> tich hpp<br /> Bui Thien HUdng<br /> - Hpp nhat quan ly mang thdng qua mdt ban<br /> giao tie'p ngUdi may trufc quan. (Theo: www.iuniper.net)<br /> - Tich hpp ho trd cac he thd'ng mdi va cac<br /> dang ifng dung mdi trong tUdng lai<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 50 so 1/2010 THONG TIN KHKT & KINH TE BUU DIEN<br />