Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 6: Delivery and routing of IP packets

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This chapter describes the delivery and forwarding of IP packets. Delivery refers to the way a packet is handled by the underlying networks under the control of the network layer. Concepts such as direct and indirect delivery are discussed. Forwarding refers to the way a packet is delivered to the next station. We discuss two trends in forwarding: forwarding based on destination address of the packet and forwarding based on the label attached to the packet.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 6: Delivery and routing of IP packets

Chapter 6 Delivery and Routing of IP Packets McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
CONTENTS • CONNECTION • DELIVERY • ROUTING METHODS • STATIC AND DYNAMIC ROUTING • ROUTING TABLE AND MODULE • CLASSLESS ADDRESSING McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
6.1 CONNECTION-ORIENTED VERSUS CONNECTIONLESS SERVICES McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
In a connection-oriented situation, the network layer protocol first makes a connection. In a connectionless situation, the network layer protocol treats each packet independently, with each packet having no relationship to any other packet. McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
6.2 DIRECT VERSUS INDIRECT DELIVERY McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 61 Direct delivery McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 62 Indirect delivery McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
6.3 ROUTING METHODS McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 63 Next-hop routing McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 64 Network-specific routing McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 65 Host-specific routing McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 66 Default routing McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
6.4 STATIC VERSUS DYNAMIC ROUTING McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
A static routing table contains information entered manually. A dynamic routing table is updated periodically using one of the dynamic routing protocols such as RIP, OSPF, or BGP. McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
6.5 ROUTING TABLE AND ROUTING MODULE McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 67 Routing module and routing table McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 68 Routing Table Flags U The router is up and running. G The destination is in another network. H Hostspecific address. D Added by redirection. M Modified by redirection. McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Figure 69 Configuration for routing example McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Mask Dest. Next Hop I. 255.0.0.0 111.0.0.0 -- m0 255.255.255.224 193.14.5.160 - m2 255.255.255.224 193.14.5.192 - m1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 255.255.255.255 194.17.21.16 111.20.18.14 m0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 255.255.255.0 192.16.7.0 111.15.17.32 m0 255.255.255.0 194.17.21.0 111.20.18.14 m0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 111.30.31.18 m0 McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000
Example 1 Router R1 receives 500 packets for destination 192.16.7.14; the algorithm applies the masks row by row to the destination address until a match (with the value in the second column) is found: McGrawHill ©The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 2000